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This portion of the data release presents the raw aerial imagery collected during the unmanned aerial system (UAS) survey of the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA, on 2019-06-04. The imagery was acquired using a Department of Interior-owned 3DR Solo quadcopter fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. Flights using both a nadir camera orientation and an oblique camera orientation were conducted. For the nadir flights (F04, F05, F06, F07, and F08), the camera was mounted using a fixed mount on the bottom of the UAS and oriented in an approximately nadir orientation. The UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground...
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This portion of the data release presents a digital surface model (DSM) and hillshade image of the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA. The DSM has a resolution of 4 centimeters per pixel and was derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-04. Unlike a digital elevation model (DEM), the DSM represents the elevation of the highest object within the bounds of a cell. Vegetation, buildings and other objects have not been removed from the data. In addition, data artifacts resulting from noise in the original imagery have not been removed. The raw imagery used to create the DSM was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II...
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RBRduo pressure and temperature sensors, mounted on aluminum frames, were moored in shallow (< 6 m) water depths in Skagit and Bellingham Bays, Washington, USA, from December 2017 to February 2018, to capture wave heights and periods. Continuous pressure fluctuations are transformed into surface-wave observations of wave heights, periods, and frequency spectra at 30-minute intervals.
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This portion of the data release presents a digital surface model (DSM) and hillshade image of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA. The DSM has a resolution of 4 centimeters per pixel and was derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-05. Unlike a digital elevation model (DEM), the DSM represents the elevation of the highest object within the bounds of a cell. Vegetation, buildings and other objects have not been removed from the data. In addition, data artifacts resulting from noise in the original imagery have not been removed. The raw imagery used to create the DSM was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh...
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This portion of the data release presents a high-resolution orthomosaic images of the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA. The orthomosaics were derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-06. The orthomosaics are presented with two resolutions: one image, covering the entire survey area, has a resolution of 2 centimeters per pixel; the other image which was derived from a lower-altitude flight, covers an inset area within the main survey area and has a resolution of 1 centimeter per pixel. The raw imagery used to create the orthomosaics was acquired using a UAS fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global...
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This portion of the data release presents the locations of the temporary ground control points (GCPs) used for the structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of the imagery collected during the July 2021 unoccupied aerial system (UAS) surveys of the ocean beach at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Benson Beach at Cape Disappointment State Park, WA. Eighteen temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout the survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using dual-frequency post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS with corrections...
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This portion of the data release presents fish abundance data from samples collected in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2006, 2007, 2013, and 2014 (no associated USGS Field Activities numbers because data were collected predominantly by biologists from the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe). We used the Puget Sound beach seining protocol (Simenstad and others, 1991) to sample fish populations in the Elwha River estuary complex. The beach seine was 38 m long x 2 m deep, with a 2 m x 2 m bag in the center of the net; mesh size was 3.18 mm, 6.35 mm, and 31.75 mm, for the bag, center panel, and wings, respectively. The seine net was deployed from bank to bank by a small skiff and then pulled on shore. The number of...
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This portion of the data release presents terrestrial invertebrate abundance data from samples collected in emergent and shrub vegetation along the edge of the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2007 and 2013 (no associated USGS Field Activities numbers because data were collected predominantly by biologists from the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe). We deployed terrestrial insect fallout traps at ten locations in the east estuary, five replicates each in shrub and emergent (littoral) vegetation habitats. Clear, rectangular traps (2,400 cm2 in 2007 and 3,526 cm2 in 2013) were filled with 5 cm of filtered soapy water and deployed for 72 hours. Invertebrate counts from 2013 were standardized to the 2007 bin size to account...
This dataset contains information on the probabilities of storm-induced erosion (collision, inundation and overwash) for each 100-meter (m) section of the United States Pacific coast for return period storm scenarios. The analysis is based on a storm-impact scaling model that uses observations of beach morphology combined with sophisticated hydrodynamic models to predict how the coast will respond to the hydrodynamic forcing. Storm-induced water levels, due to both surge and waves, are compared to coastal elevations to determine the probabilities of three types of coastal change: collision (dune erosion), overwash, and inundation. Data on morphology (dune crest and toe elevation) and hydrodynamics (storm surge,...
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Geochemical analysis of authigenic carbonates from the Cascadia Subduction Zone. Powdered carbonate samples for stable carbon (delta-C-13) and oxygen (delta-O-18) isotopes and carbonate phase were analyzed as a proxy for potential fluid sources, and to better understand how process, such as mixing, and oxidation, can alter the initial fluid isotopic composition and the archived fluid-source signature in the authigenic carbonates.
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Eelgrass (Zostera marina) characteristics, sediment grain size distributions, sediment total organic carbon contents (TOC), carbon isotope ratios of sediment organic matter, and total carbon to total nitrogen ratios were measured at four lower intertidal sites in Bellingham Bay, Washington, July 2-5, 2019.
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This portion of the data release presents the raw aerial imagery collected during the uncrewed aerial system (UAS) survey conducted on the ocean beaches adjacent to the Columbia River Mouth at the Oregon-Washington border in August 2017. The imagery was acquired using a Department of Interior-owned 3DR Solo quadcopter fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The camera was mounted using a fixed mount on the bottom of the UAS and oriented in an approximately nadir orientation. The Fort Stevens State Park survey was conducted under Oregon Parks and Recreation Department Scientific Research Permit #024-17. Five flights were conducted at Fort Stevens State Park on 7 August 2017, between 16:32...
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Tidal water discharge within two breaches constructed in a former flood-control levee of a restored agricultural area in Port Susan, Washington, was measured repeatedly during several tidal cycles. Measurements were made on March 27, 2014, April 16, 2014, May 18, 2014, and May 29, 2014 at breach PSB1, and on May 29, 2014 at breach PSB2. These data were collected using a boat-mounted Teledyne RDI RiverRay 600 kHz acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) or a Teledyne RDI StreamPro 2000 kHz ADCP, depending on date. ADCP transect data were collected and initially reviewed using WinRiver II software and reprocessing and final review was completed with QRev software.
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This portion of the data release presents the raw aerial imagery collected during the Unmanned Aerial System (UAS) survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, on 2019-06-05. The imagery was acquired using a Department of Interior-owned 3DR Solo quadcopter fitted with a Ricoh GR II digital camera featuring a global shutter. The camera was mounted using a fixed mount on the bottom of the UAS and oriented in an approximately nadir orientation. For flights F01, F02, F03, F04, and F05 the UAS was flown on pre-programmed autonomous flight lines at an approximate altitude of 70 meters above ground level (AGL), resulting in a nominal ground-sample-distance (GSD) of 1.8 centimeters per pixel. The flight...
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This portion of the data release presents digital surface models (DSMs) and hillshade images of the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA. The DSMs were derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-06. Unlike a digital elevation model (DEM), the DSMs represent the elevation of the highest object within the bounds of a cell. Vegetation, buildings and other objects have not been removed from the data. In addition, data artifacts resulting from noise in the original imagery have not been removed. The DSMs are presented with two resolutions: one DSM, covering the entire survey area, has a resolution of 4 centimeters per pixel;...
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This portion of the data release presents the locations of the temporary ground control points (GCPs) used for the structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of the imagery collected during an unmanned aerial system (UAS) survey of the intertidal zones at Puget Creek and Dickman Mill Park, Tacoma, WA, on 2019-06-03. Twelve temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout each survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using post-processed kinematic (PPK) GPS, using corrections from a GPS base station located approximately...
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Simulatations of water levels in the Salish Sea for a continuous hindcast of the period October 1, 1985, to September 30, 2015 were conducted to evaluate the utility and skill of a sea-level anomaly predictor and to develop extreme water level estimates accounting for decadal climate variability. The model accounts for sea level position, tides, remote sea-level anomalies, local winds and storm surge and stream flows as they affect water density. Comparison of modeled and measured water levels showed the model predicts extreme water levels at NOAA tide gage stations within 0.15 m. Model inputs and outputs of time-series water levels along the -5 m depth isobath are presented. In addition, extreme water level recurrence...
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High-resolution chirp sub-bottom data were collected by the U.S. Geological Survey and the University of Washington in February of 2017 west of Seattle in Puget Sound and in Lake Washington, Washington. Data were collected aboard the University of Washington’s R/V Clifford A. Barnes during USGS field activity 2017-612-FA using an Edgetech SB-512i sub-bottom profiler. Sub-bottom acoustic penetration spans several tens of meters and is variable by location.
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This portion of the data release presents the locations of the temporary ground control points (GCPs) used for the structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of the imagery collected during the August 2017 unoccupied aerial system (UAS) surveys of the ocean beach at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Benson Beach at Cape Disappointment State Park, WA. Eighteen temporary ground control points (GCPs) were distributed throughout the survey area to establish survey control. The GCPs consisted of a combination of small square tarps with black-and-white cross patterns and "X" marks placed on the ground using temporary chalk. The GCP positions were measured using dual-frequency real-time kinematic (RTK) or post-processed kinematic...
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This portion of the data release presents topographic point clouds of the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA. The point clouds were derived from structure-from-motion (SfM) processing of aerial imagery collected with an unmanned aerial system (UAS) on 2019-06-06. Two point clouds are presented with different resolutions: one point cloud (PostPoint_2019-06-06_pointcloud.zip) covers the entire survey area and has 145,653,2221 points with an average point density of 1,057 points per-square meter; the other point cloud (PostPointHighRes_2019-06-06_pointcloud.zip) has 139,427,055 points with an average point density of 3,487 points per-square meter and was derived from a lower-altitude flight covering...
map background search result map search result map Fish abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, from 2006 to 2014 Terrestrial invertebrate abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2007 and 2013. Wave observations from nearshore bottom-mounted pressure sensors in Skagit and Bellingham Bays, Washington, USA from Dec 2017 to Feb 2018 Discharge measurements collected in the Stillaguamish River Delta, Port Susan, Washington, USA in March, April, and May 2014 Modeled extreme total water levels along the U.S. west coast Ground control point locations for UAS survey of the intertidal zones at Puget Creek and Dickman Mill Park, Tacoma, WA, 2019-06-03 Digital surface model (DSM) for the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, 2019-06-05 Topographic point cloud for the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA, 2019-06-06 Aerial imagery from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, 2019-06-05 Digital surface models (DSMs) for the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA, 2019-06-06 Orthomosaic imagery for the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA, 2019-06-06 Digital surface model (DSM) for the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA, 2019-06-04 Aerial imagery from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA, 2019-06-04 Chirp sub-bottom data of USGS field activity 2017-612-FA collected in Puget Sound and Lake Washington, Washington in February of 2017 Ground control point locations for UAS surveys of the beaches at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Cape Disappointment State Park, WA, July 2021 Salish Sea water level hindcast simulations: 1985-2015 Geochemistry of authigenic carbonates from Cascadia Margin Aerial imagery from UAS surveys of beaches at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Cape Disappointment State Park, WA, August 2017 Ground control point locations for UAS surveys of the beaches at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Cape Disappointment State Park, WA, August 2017 Eelgrass and substrate characteristics in Bellingham Bay, Washington, July 2019 Terrestrial invertebrate abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2007 and 2013. Fish abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, from 2006 to 2014 Digital surface model (DSM) for the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, 2019-06-05 Aerial imagery from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at Lone Tree Point, Kiket Bay, WA, 2019-06-05 Topographic point cloud for the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA, 2019-06-06 Digital surface models (DSMs) for the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA, 2019-06-06 Orthomosaic imagery for the intertidal zone at Post Point, Bellingham Bay, WA, 2019-06-06 Aerial imagery from UAS survey of the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA, 2019-06-04 Digital surface model (DSM) for the intertidal zone at West Whidbey Island, WA, 2019-06-04 Discharge measurements collected in the Stillaguamish River Delta, Port Susan, Washington, USA in March, April, and May 2014 Eelgrass and substrate characteristics in Bellingham Bay, Washington, July 2019 Ground control point locations for UAS surveys of the beaches at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Cape Disappointment State Park, WA, August 2017 Ground control point locations for UAS surveys of the beaches at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Cape Disappointment State Park, WA, July 2021 Aerial imagery from UAS surveys of beaches at Fort Stevens State Park, OR, and Cape Disappointment State Park, WA, August 2017 Wave observations from nearshore bottom-mounted pressure sensors in Skagit and Bellingham Bays, Washington, USA from Dec 2017 to Feb 2018 Chirp sub-bottom data of USGS field activity 2017-612-FA collected in Puget Sound and Lake Washington, Washington in February of 2017 Geochemistry of authigenic carbonates from Cascadia Margin Salish Sea water level hindcast simulations: 1985-2015 Modeled extreme total water levels along the U.S. west coast