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These data are netcdf files of the projected timing of the onset of thermal stress severe enough (>8 Degree Heating Weeks) to cause coral bleaching 2x per decade and 10x per decade (annual) under emissions scenarios RCP8.5 and RCP4.5. The projected timing (a year between 2006 and 2100) is the data value. Values are only shown for the ~60,000 four-km pixels where coral reefs are known to occur.
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Actual ET (ETa) is produced using the operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model (Senay and others, 2013) for the period 2000 to present. The SSEBop setup is based on the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) approach (Senay and others, 2007, 2011) with unique parameterization for operational applications. It combines ET fractions generated from remotely sensed MODIS thermal imagery, acquired every 8 days, with reference ET using a thermal index approach. The unique feature of the SSEBop parameterization is that it uses pre-defined, seasonally dynamic, boundary conditions that are unique to each pixel for the hot/dry and cold/wet reference points. Reference: Senay, G. B., Bohms, S., Singh, R....
Restoration of the Florida Everglades, a substantial wetland ecosystem within the United States, is one of the largest ongoing restoration projects in the world. Decision-makers and managers within the Everglades ecosystem rely on ecological models forecasting indicator wildlife response to changes in the management of water flows within the system. One such indicator of ecosystem health, the presence of wading bird communities on the landscape, is currently assessed using three species distribution models that assume perfect detection and report output on different scales that are challenging to compare against one another. We sought to use current advancements in species distribution modeling to improve models...
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A monthly water balance model (MWBM) was driven with precipitation and temperature using a station-based dataset for current conditions (1949 to 2010) and selected statistically-downscaled general circulation models (GCMs) for current and future conditions (1950 to 2099) across the conterminous United States (CONUS) using hydrologic response units from the Geospatial Fabric for National Hydrologic Modeling (Viger and Bock, 2014). Six MWBM output variables (actual evapotranspiration (AET), potential evapotranspiration (PET), runoff (RO), streamflow (STRM), soil moisture storage (SOIL), and snow water equivalent (SWE)) and the two MWBM input variables (atmospheric temperature (TAVE) and precipitation (PPT)) were summarized...
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This data release includes representative cluster profiles (RCPs) from a large (>24,000) selection of coral reef topobathymetric cross-shore profiles (Scott and others, 2020). We used statistics, machine learning, and numerical modelling to develop the set of RCPs, which can be used to accurately represent the shoreline hydrodynamics of a large variety of coral reef-lined coasts around the globe. In two stages, the data were reduced by clustering cross-shore profiles based on morphology and hydrodynamic response to typical wind and swell wave conditions. By representing a large variety of coral reef morphologies with a reduced number of RCPs, a computationally feasible number of numerical model simulations can be...
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Here we present surface current results from a physics-based, 3-dimensional coupled ocean-atmosphere numerical model that was generated to understand coral larval dispersal patterns in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA. The model was used to simulate coral larval dispersal patterns from a number of existing State-managed reefs and large tracks of reefs with high coral coverage that might be good candidates for marine-protected areas (MPAs) during 8 spawning events during 2010-2013. The goal of this effort is to provide geophysical data to help provide guidance to sustain coral health in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA. Each model output run is available as a netCDF file with self-contained attribute information. Each file name is appended...
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The endangered Cape Sable seaside sparrow (Ammospiza maritima mirabilis; CSSS) occurs in marl prairie habitat at the southern end of the Everglades, at the southernmost part of the Florida peninsula. The locations of three of its six subpopulations are proximate to the coast, putting them at risk for inundation caused by sea level rise (SLR). The spatially explicit predictive model EverSparrow provides probability of CSSS presence estimates based on hydrology, fire history, and vegetation. We developed two hydrologic scenarios of SLR using projections from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) and University of Florida's GeoPlan Center, using a modeled restoration scenario of the current landscape-scale water...
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Actual ET (ETa) is produced using the operational Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEBop) model (Senay and others, 2013) for the period 2000 to present. The SSEBop setup is based on the Simplified Surface Energy Balance (SSEB) approach (Senay and others, 2007, 2011) with unique parameterization for operational applications. It combines ET fractions generated from remotely sensed MODIS thermal imagery, acquired every 8 days, with reference ET using a thermal index approach. The unique feature of the SSEBop parameterization is that it uses pre-defined, seasonally dynamic, boundary conditions that are unique to each pixel for the hot/dry and cold/wet reference points. Reference: Senay, G. B., Bohms, S., Singh, R....
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Time series data of wave height and water surface elevation were acquired for 399 days at four locations on the southern reef of Ofu, American Samoa, in support of a study on submarine groundwater dynamics on this reef within the National Park of American Samoa’s Ofu Unit. The relative placement of sensors on the reef were as follows: OFU20E03 – mid reef at East site; OFU20E04 – inner reef at East site; OFU20W03 – mid reef at West site; OFU20W04 – inner reef at West site.
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Site data contained in the ScrIntrvls_AllSrcRefs_AllWellsRev.csv dataset define the top and bottom altitudes of well screens in 64,763 irrigation wells completed in the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer (MRVA) that constitute a production zone in the Mississippi Alluvial Plain (MAP) extending across the midwestern and southern United States from Illinois to Louisiana. Each well entry contains an Enumerated Domain Value of the Attribute Label SrcRefNo to identify the state environmental agency that contributed to the database, and enumerated values are associated with specific state agencies by using the Enumerated Domain Value Definition. Screen-top and -bottom altitudes and land surface are referenced (corrected)...
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This data release contains a netCDF file containing decadal estimates of nitrate leached from septic systems (kilograms per hectare per year, or kg/ha) in the state of Wisconsin from 1850 to 2010, as well as the python code and supporting files used to create the netCDF file. The netCDF file is used as an input to a Nitrate Decision Support Tool for the State of Wisconsin (GW-NDST; Juckem and others, 2024). The dataset was constructed starting with 1990 census records, which included responses about households using septic systems for waste disposal. The fraction of population using septic systems in 1990 was aggregated at the county scale and applied backward in time for each decade from 1850 to 1980. For decades...
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Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer (km) scale is provided for Puerto Rico. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used by Bowden and others (2018) to dynamically downscale the Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques-CERFACS (CNRM) model for the historical period 1985-2005. Total hourly precipitation data (convective plus non-convective) for the innnermost domain in Bowden and others (2018; their domain 3) was aggregated to a daily timestep and then bias-corrected using Multiplicative Quantile Delta Mapping (MQDM; Cannon and others, 2015) with Daymet v4 as the observational gridded precipitation dataset (Thornton and others, 2020). The bias-corrected daily precipitation data is...
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Climate change information simulated by global climate models is downscaled using statistical methods to translate spatially course regional projections to finer resolutions needed by researchers and managers to assess local climate impacts. Several statistical downscaling methods have been developed over the past fifteen years, resulting in multiple datasets derived by different methods. We apply a simple monthly water-balance model (MWBM) to demonstrate how the differences among these datasets result in disparate projections of snow loss and future changes in runoff. We apply the MWBM to six statistically downscaled datasets for 14 general circulation models (GCMs) from the Climate Model Intercomparison Program...
A process-based wave-resolving hydrodynamic model (XBeach Non-Hydrostatic, ‘XBNH’) was used to create a large synthetic database for use in a “Bayesian Estimator for Wave Attack in Reef Environments” (BEWARE), relating incident hydrodynamics and coral reef geomorphology to coastal flooding hazards on reef-lined coasts. Building on previous work, BEWARE improves system understanding of reef hydrodynamics by examining the intrinsic reef and extrinsic forcing factors controlling runup and flooding on reef-lined coasts. The Bayesian estimator has high predictive skill for the XBNH model outputs that are flooding indicators, and was validated for a number of available field cases. BEWARE is a potentially powerful tool...
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The website and data server at http://stellwagen.er.usgs.gov/ is a USGS approved database. It provides descriptions of the research programs and access to time series oceanographic data collected by USGS investigators at the Woods Hole Science Center, often in collaboration with others, as part of experiments to study circulation and sediment transport in the coastal ocean. The experiments were carried out between 1975 and present. Measurements include ocean current velocity, wave statistics, temperature, pressure, conductivity, light transmission (beam atttenuation) among others. In some experiments, local meteorolical data was also collected. Data is provided at the fastest instrument sampling interval and...
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This dataset, VegDischarge v1, represents a significant contribution to the understanding of hydrological dynamics across Africa from 2000 to 2021. It encompasses high-resolution (1km x 1km) monthly raster data of deep drainage, surface runoff, and total runoff, derived from the VegET (VegetationEvapoTranspiration) hydrological model (Senay et al., 2023). Additionally, routed discharge data (Mizukami et al., 2021) for over 63,000 river segments is provided, employing different routing algorithms (DW, KW, KWT, MC, and IRF) to demonstrate variability in river discharge patterns. This comprehensive dataset is stored in NetCDF and Shapefile formats, offering valuable insights for policymakers, stakeholders, and researchers...
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Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer (km) scale is provided for Puerto Rico. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used by Bowden and others (2018) to dynamically downscale the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4 or CESM) model for the future projection period 2040–60. Total hourly precipitation data (convective plus non-convective) for the innnermost domain in Bowden and others (2018; their domain 3) was aggregated to a daily timestep and then bias-corrected using Multiplicative Quantile Delta Mapping (MQDM; Cannon and others, 2015) with Daymet v4 as the observational gridded precipitation dataset (Thornton and others, 2020). The bias-corrected daily precipitation data is provided...
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Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer (km) scale is provided for Puerto Rico. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model was used by Bowden and others (2018) to dynamically downscale the Community Climate System Model (CCSM4 or CESM) model for the historical period 1985-2005. Total hourly precipitation data (convective plus non-convective) for the innnermost domain in Bowden and others (2018; their domain 3) was aggregated to a daily timestep and then bias-corrected using Multiplicative Quantile Delta Mapping (MQDM; Cannon and others, 2015) with Daymet v4 as the observational gridded precipitation dataset (Thornton and others, 2020). The bias-corrected daily precipitation data is provided on the...
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Water level, flow velocity, temperature, salinity, and turbidity were measured in a breach constructed in a flood-protection levee surrounding a restored former agricultural area in Port Susan, Washington, USA, near the mouth of the Stillaguamish River. Data were collected in a breach known as PSB1 at 15-minute intervals from March 21, 2014 to July 1, 2015 using a SonTek Argonaut-SW current meter, an In-Situ Aqua TROLL 200 pressure, conductivity, and temperature sensor, and an FTS DTS-12 turbidity sensor.
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This archive contains two datasets. Both cover the northwestern United States and part of southern British Columbia (N of about 38 degrees N and W of about 105 degrees W) at 1/16th (0.0625) degree resolution. Climate and hydrologic variables (21 total) in each are as follows: precipitation, temperature (avg./max./min.), outgoing longwave radiation, incoming shortwave radiation, relative humidity, vapor pressure deficit, evapotranspiration, runoff, baseflow, soil moisture (3-layers), snow water equivalent, snow depth, and potential evapotranspiration (5 vegetation references). The first dataset, "Western US Hydroclimate Scenarios Project Dynamically Downscaled Data", contains daily dynamically downscaled climate...
map background search result map search result map Simplified Surface Energy Balance Actual Evapotranspiration data for the Conterminous U.S. Western US Hydroclimate Scenarios Project Datasets Monthly Water Balance Model Futures Physics-based numerical circulation model outputs of ocean surface circulation during the 2010-2013 summer coral-spawning seasons in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA Data Release for The dependence of hydroclimate projections in snow-dominated regions of the western U.S. on the choice of statistically downscaled climate data Oceanographic time-series measurements collected in the Stillaguamish River Delta, Port Susan, Washington, USA from March 2014 to July 2015 EverWaders species distribution model development and output in the Greater Everglades from 2000-2009 Calculated Leached Nitrogen from Septic Systems in Wisconsin, 1850-2010 Digital surfaces and site data of well-screen top and bottom altitudes defining the irrigation production zone of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer within the Mississippi Alluvial Plain project region Simplified Surface Energy Balance Actual Evapotranspiration data for the Conterminous U.S. Sea level rise scenarios for the Cape Sable seaside sparrow Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer resolution for Puerto Rico from dynamical downscaling by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model of the Community Climate System Model (CESM) for the historical period 1985-2005 Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer resolution for Puerto Rico from dynamical downscaling by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model of the Community Climate System Model (CESM) for the future projection period 2040-60 Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer resolution for Puerto Rico from dynamical downscaling by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model of the Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques-CERFACS (CNRM) model for the historical period 1985-2005 Ofu, American Samoa, wave and water level data, 2020 Hydrologic gridded runoff and routed discharge data for Africa from 2000-2021 Oceanographic time-series measurements collected in the Stillaguamish River Delta, Port Susan, Washington, USA from March 2014 to July 2015 Ofu, American Samoa, wave and water level data, 2020 Sea level rise scenarios for the Cape Sable seaside sparrow Physics-based numerical circulation model outputs of ocean surface circulation during the 2010-2013 summer coral-spawning seasons in Maui Nui, Hawaii, USA EverWaders species distribution model development and output in the Greater Everglades from 2000-2009 Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer resolution for Puerto Rico from dynamical downscaling by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model of the Community Climate System Model (CESM) for the historical period 1985-2005 Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer resolution for Puerto Rico from dynamical downscaling by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model of the Community Climate System Model (CESM) for the future projection period 2040-60 Bias-corrected daily precipitation at 1-kilometer resolution for Puerto Rico from dynamical downscaling by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model of the Centre National de Recherches Meteorologiques-CERFACS (CNRM) model for the historical period 1985-2005 Calculated Leached Nitrogen from Septic Systems in Wisconsin, 1850-2010 Digital surfaces and site data of well-screen top and bottom altitudes defining the irrigation production zone of the Mississippi River Valley alluvial aquifer within the Mississippi Alluvial Plain project region Western US Hydroclimate Scenarios Project Datasets Simplified Surface Energy Balance Actual Evapotranspiration data for the Conterminous U.S. Simplified Surface Energy Balance Actual Evapotranspiration data for the Conterminous U.S. Monthly Water Balance Model Futures Data Release for The dependence of hydroclimate projections in snow-dominated regions of the western U.S. on the choice of statistically downscaled climate data Hydrologic gridded runoff and routed discharge data for Africa from 2000-2021