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The files consist of two types: tabulated data files and graphical map files. Data files consist of six .csv files, representing six experiment dates (2016_06_14, 2016_16_15, 2016_18_15, 2016_16_21, 2016_16_22, 2016_16_23). Each of these files contains multiple columns of data, with each column representing either a time measurement or the value of a physical quantity measured at that time (e.g., flow depth, pore pressure, normal stress, etc.). Map files consist of six .pdf files, each representing an experiment date listed above. The maps show the thickness of the sediment deposited onto the runout pad after each experiment. Sediment thickness was determined using photogrammetery software from Adam Technology.
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This data release provides access to a low-altitude, aeromagnetic survey over parts of Missouri, Arkansas, and Tennessee, an area centered about 100 km north of Memphis, Tennessee. The survey covers parts of the southern arm of the New Madrid seismic zone, the northwestern margin of the Reelfoot rift, the Blytheville arch, and the Commerce geophysical lineament (reference: Langenheim, V.E., and Hildenbrand, T.G., 1997, Geological Society of America Bulletin, v. 109, p. 580). The survey is underlain by Paleocene and younger sediments, consisting of silt, clay, sand, and gravel. Plutons and other intrusive rocks lie at depth. These data were acquired between July 12 and July 28, 2013, by EDCON-PRJ, Inc., working under...
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This data release provides access to a low-altitude, aeromagnetic survey of a part of south-central Washington centered approximately 30 km east of Yakima and referred to as the Hanford aeromagnetic survey. The survey includes the city of Richland, numerous smaller communities, and the Hanford Site (https://www.hanford.gov). The Hanford aeromagnetic survey extends from the Columbia Plateau westward to the Cascade Range and illuminates magnetic anomalies associated with folds and faults of the Yakima folds, including the Toppenish Ridge, Ahtanum Ridge, Umtanum Ridge, Boyleston Mountain, Rattlesnake Mountain, Saddle Mountains, and Frenchman Hills anticlines. These data were acquired during September and October, 2009,...
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This data release provides access to a low-altitude, aeromagnetic survey of a part of south-central Washington and north-central Oregon. The survey extends from the Blue Mountains westward to the Cascade Range and covers the Oregon cities of The Dalles, Hermiston, and Milton Freewater and the Washington cities of Richland, Pasco, Kennewick, and Walla Walla. Data were acquired during the summer of 2010 by Goldak Airborne Surveys working under contract to the U.S. Geological Survey. Total magnetic field values were acquired using a fixed-wing aircraft flown at a target elevation of 150 m above terrain (305 m over urban areas) and along flight lines and tie lines spaced 400 m and 4000 m apart, respectively. Flight...
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The numerical simulation of estuarine dynamics requires accurate prediction for the transport of tracers such as temperature and salinity. All numerical models introduce two kinds of tracer mixing: 1) by parameterizing the tracer eddy diffusivity through turbulence models leading to a source of physical mixing and 2) discretization of the tracer advection term that leads to numerical mixing. Both physical and numerical mixing vary with the choice of horizontal advection schemes, grid resolution, and time step. We utilize the Coupled-Ocean-Atmosphere-Wave-Sediment Transport (COAWST) model to study the mixing in the model by simulating four idealized cases with three different tracer advection schemes.
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In March 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey acquired seismic reflection and refraction data along an approximately 2.8-km-long profile across northwest-trending San Andreas Fault splays located at the Dos Palmas Preserve east of Salton Sea. To acquire the reflection and refraction data, we collocated shots and geophones, spaced every 3 m along the profile. We used 933 SercelTM L40A P-wave (40-Hz vertical-component) geophones with a sensitivity of 22.34 volts/meter/second to record 925 P-wave shots. We generated P-wave data using one of two active sources: 400-grain Betsy-SeisgunTM shots at approximately every 90 m and a 3.5-kg sledgehammer and steel plate combination at every 3 m between the seisgun shots. All data...
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Natural cave passages penetrating a coastal aquifer in the Yucatan Peninsula (Mexico) were accessed to test the hypothesis that chemoclines associated with salinity gradients (haloclines) within the flooded cave networks of the karst subterranean estuary are sites of methane oxidation. Two field trips were carried out to the fully-submerged cave system located 6.6 km inland from the coastline in January 2015 and January 2016. Vertical chemical profiles across the water column haloclines were obtained using the OctoPiPi (OPP), a high-resolution water sampler built by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). The sampling efforts resulted in cm-scale profiles of major ions (e.g., chloride and sulfate), as well as concentrations...
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We installed an eddy covariance station on July 10, 2018 at Bison Flat, an acid-sulfate, vapor-dominated area (0.04-km2) in Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park, WY to monitor variations in hydrothermal gas and heat emissions. Since then, this station has measured CO2, H2O and sensible and latent heat fluxes, air temperature and pressure, and wind speed and direction on a half-hourly basis. We also measured soil CO2 fluxes and temperatures on a grid using the accumulation chamber method and thermocouple probes, respectively, on July 11-12, 2018 and soil CO2 fluxes only on June 25, 2019. On July 10, 2018 and June 24, 2019, we collected fumarole gas samples for analysis of bulk chemical and carbon (d13C-CO2)...
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Large numerical grid used for finite element and finite volume analysis of induced seismicity in Paradox Basin. The grid construction used the boundaries of three sub-horizontal surfaces; the topography, and the top and bottom of the production formation is determined from drilling and seismic reflection profiling, yielding the surface topography and thickness variations in these data throughout the domain. The cell dimensions in the north and east directions are 200 m and the horizontal gridlines are oriented north-south and east-west. There are 245 elements in the east west direction, 241 elements in the north south direction, and 31 elements in the vertical, extending from the surface to 15 km depth. The grid...
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We monitored displacement of the Slumgullion landslide located in Hinsdale County, Colorado. We measured displacement at the ground surface between 12 August 2011 and 10 October 2018, and in the subsurface between 4 September 2016 and 7 December 2016. Both types of data were acquired at irregular time intervals. Displacement at the ground surface was measured at locations within the upper, middle, and lower parts of the landslide using electronic cable extension transducers (extensometers) with stated ±0.7 mm accuracy (Extensometer_data.csv). Subsurface displacement was measured near the middle of the landslide using a 16-sensor array of 30.48-cm-long tilt sensors (inclinometer) installed within a PVC-cased borehole....
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The 2018 Kīlauea eruption and caldera collapse generated intense cycles of seismicity tied to repeated large seismic (Mw ~5) collapse events associated with magma withdrawal from beneath the summit. To gain insight into the underlying dynamics and aid eruption response, we applied waveform-based earthquake detection and double-difference location as the eruption unfolded. Here, we augment these rapid results by grouping events based on patterns of correlation-derived phase polarities across the network. From April 29 to August 6, bracketing the eruption, we used ~2800 events cataloged by the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory to detect and precisely locate 44,000+ earthquakes. Resulting hypocentroids resolve complex,...
This data release includes 2016-2019 soil moisture timeseries for two drainage basins (“Arroyo Seco” and “Dunsmore Canyon”) that burned during the 2009 Station Fire in Los Angeles County, California, USA. The Arroyo Seco (0.01 km2) and Dunsmore Canyon (0.5 km2) drainages include two soil pits, one located near the drainage divide and another near the basin outlet. Following the naming convention established by Smith et al. (2019), we refer to the soil pits near the Arroyo Seco drainage divide and basin outlet as “AS1” and “AS3,” respectively. Similarly, we refer to the soil pits near the Dunsmore Canyon drainage divide and basin outlet as “DC1” and “DC3,” respectively. The coordinates of AS1 and AS3 are, respectively,...
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Subduction zones are home to the most seismically active faults on the planet. The shallow megathrust interface of subduction zones host our largest earthquakes, and are the only faults capable of M9+ ruptures. Despite these facts, our knowledge of subduction zone geometry - which likely plays a key role in determining the spatial extent and ultimately the size of subduction zone earthquakes - is incomplete. Here we calculate the three- dimensional geometries of all active global subduction zones. The resulting model - Slab2 - provides for the first time a comprehensive geometrical analysis of all known slabs in unprecedented detail. ##### This distribution includes models of three-dimensional slab geometry under...
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I use template matching and precise relative relocation techniques to develop a high-resolution earthquake catalog for the initial portion of the 2019 Ridgecrest earthquake sequence, from July 4-16, encompassing the foreshock sequence and the first 10+ days of aftershocks following the Mw 7.1 mainshock. Using 13,525 routinely cataloged events as waveform templates, I detect and precisely locate a total of 34,091 events. Precisely located earthquakes reveal numerous cross-cutting fault structures with dominantly perpendicular SW- and NW-strikes. Foreshocks of the Mw 6.4 event appear to align on a NW-striking fault. Aftershocks of the Mw 6.4 event suggest that it further ruptured this NW-striking fault, as well as...
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In October 2016, we acquired an approximately 15-km-long seismic profile along a linear transect across the East Bay region of the San Francisco Bay area. Our goal was to image previously unknown strands of the Hayward Fault zone and to better delineate the structure and geometry of the main trace of the Hayward Fault. Our profile started near the southern border of San Leandro, California at the San Francisco Bay shoreline, trended ENE through the northern edge of Castro Valley, California, and ended approximately 5 km WSW of San Ramon, California. The data were analyzed using refraction tomography modeling, reflection processing, and guided-wave analysis. The analyzed data are presented in separate reports by...
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During 2018, Kīlauea Volcano, on the Island of Hawaiʻi, had a large effusive eruption (~1 cubic kilometer of lava) on the lower East Rift Zone that caused widespread destruction (Neal and others, 2019; Dietterich and others, 2021). This lower flank eruption was accompanied by one of the largest collapses of the summit caldera in two hundred years, with portions of the caldera floor subsiding more than 500 m (Anderson and others, 2019; Neal and others, 2019). On July 25, 2019, approximately one year after the summit collapse sequence, a small pond of water was first observed in the deepest portion of the collapse pit, within Halemaʻumaʻu crater (Nadeau and others, 2020). The water level rose gradually over the...
This dataset consists of an inventory of the locations of liquefaction-related phenomena triggered by the 7 January 2020 M6.4 Puerto Rico earthquake. The inventory is primarily based on field observations collected during post-earthquake reconnaissance conducted by the USGS and partners (Allstadt and others, 2020, Interactive Dashboard). Some additional locations were added based on reconnaissance reports by other groups (Miranda and others, 2020; Morales-Velez and others, 2020). We delineated 43 polygons of liquefaction areas and lateral spreading where we had sufficient evidence to do so (liquefaction_polygons_20210913.zip), but all outlines are approximate because liquefaction is primarily a subsurface process...
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These data are a series of telecommunications voice and data restoration percentages for 17 counties affected by the HayWired earthquake scenario, a magnitude 7.0 earthquake occurring on the Hayward Fault on April 18, 2018, with an epicenter in the city of Oakland, CA. These data for telecommunications demand served are derived from residual network capacity based on potential hazard information (for example, ground shaking and liquefaction), assumptions about dependence on electric power restoration, and assumptions about network congestion caused by demand surge. Various resilience cases pertain to assumptions about the presence of backup power (for example, batteries or generators), ability to truck in fuel and...
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This data release contains field data for two P-wave seismic reflection profiles acquired across the Warm Springs Valley fault zone, part of the Northern Walker Lane, NV. The dataset consists of high-resolution seismic reflection field records in .segy format, shot coordinates in .csv format, and observers’ logs in .pdf format. The high-resolution seismic profiles are approximately 4 km long. The northern profile (Warm Springs Line 1) is oblique to a prominent fault bounded ridge. The southern profile (Warm Springs Line 2) crosses the northern end of Warm Springs Valley and is nearly co-located with COCORP profile NV-08. To obtain the seismic profiles, we used a 230 kg accelerated weight drop source and a nominal...
map background search result map search result map Sensor data from debris-flow experiments conducted in June, 2016, at the USGS debris-flow flume, HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Blue River, Oregon LiDAR and paleoseismology solve 140-yr old earthquake mystery in the Pacific Northwest USA - source tabular data and images for 1872 Chelan earthquake fault scarp study 2015 high resolution seismic acquisition at Dos Palmas Preserve, Mecca, California Three-dimensional grid of properties used to analyze induced seismicity recorded from 1991 to 2012 at Paradox Valley, Colorado Voice and data telecommunications restoration curves for 17 counties affected by the April 18, 2018, M7.0 HayWired earthquake scenario mainshock Data from in-situ displacement monitoring, Slumgullion landslide, Hinsdale County, Colorado High resolution earthquake catalogs from the 2018 Kilauea eruption sequence Vertical chemical profiles collected across haloclines in the water column of the Ox Bel Ha cave network within the coastal aquifer of the Yucatan Peninsula in January 2015 and January 2016 High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey of the Pasco Area, Washington and Oregon High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey of the Hanford Area, Washington High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey Over the New Madrid Seismic Zone, Missouri, Arkansas, and Tennessee Crustal architecture of the transtensional Warm Springs Valley fault zone, northern Walker Lane Water-level data for the crater lake at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, 2019–2020 Long-term gas and heat emissions measurements, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park Data Release for the 2016 East Bay Seismic Imaging Investigation of the Hayward Fault Zone Soil moisture monitoring following the 2009 Station Fire, California, USA, 2016-2019 Sensor data from debris-flow experiments conducted in June, 2016, at the USGS debris-flow flume, HJ Andrews Experimental Forest, Blue River, Oregon Long-term gas and heat emissions measurements, Norris Geyser Basin, Yellowstone National Park 2015 high resolution seismic acquisition at Dos Palmas Preserve, Mecca, California High resolution earthquake catalogs from the 2018 Kilauea eruption sequence Water-level data for the crater lake at the summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Island of Hawaiʻi, 2019–2020 Vertical chemical profiles collected across haloclines in the water column of the Ox Bel Ha cave network within the coastal aquifer of the Yucatan Peninsula in January 2015 and January 2016 LiDAR and paleoseismology solve 140-yr old earthquake mystery in the Pacific Northwest USA - source tabular data and images for 1872 Chelan earthquake fault scarp study Crustal architecture of the transtensional Warm Springs Valley fault zone, northern Walker Lane Soil moisture monitoring following the 2009 Station Fire, California, USA, 2016-2019 Three-dimensional grid of properties used to analyze induced seismicity recorded from 1991 to 2012 at Paradox Valley, Colorado High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey Over the New Madrid Seismic Zone, Missouri, Arkansas, and Tennessee High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey of the Hanford Area, Washington High-Resolution Aeromagnetic Survey of the Pasco Area, Washington and Oregon Voice and data telecommunications restoration curves for 17 counties affected by the April 18, 2018, M7.0 HayWired earthquake scenario mainshock