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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Subsidence of the graben at the head of the Government Hill landslide in Anchorage tore apart an elementary school and converted the schoolyard into a jumble of fissures, scarps, and tilted and subsided blocks of broken ground. The flat and relatively unbroken large slide block in the foreground moved away from the school horizontally and as a single mass, creating a void into which the graben block spread and subsided.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. The control tower at Anchorage International Airport fell to the ground during the earthquake. It was a split-level structure that was seven stories high on one side and built of reinforced concrete.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. The Turnagain Heights landslide in Anchorage occurred along a steep bluff fronting Knik Arm on Cook Inlet. Its length, which is parallel to the bluff, was about 1.5 miles; its width was about 1/4 to 1/2 mile. This landslide reduced to rubble many of the finer homes of the city of Anchorage. Failure here, and in the "L" Street, Fourth Avenue, and Government Hill landslides in Anchorage occurred on horizontal or near horizontal slip surfaces in the Bootlegger Cove Clay, a marine silt of Pleistocene age.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. View southwest along Hanning Bay fault scarp on southwest Montague Island in Prince William Sound. The Hanning Bay fault was reactivated during the earthquake. Its trace is marked by a 10 to 15-foot high bedrock scarp which trends obliquely across the field of view from the right foreground to the left background. The fault trace lies between the uplifted wave-cut surface that is coated white by desiccated calcareous marine organisms and borders the open ocean and the area of brown sand and silt in the cove. The ground northwest of the fault (right side of photo) was displaced upward as much as 16 feet with respect to the ground southeast of the fault during the earthquake, but...
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. The concrete abutments of this steel girder highway bridge were carried channelward by the underlying sediments, but the steel girders resisted the compressive movement. As a result, the upper part of this abutment, which was held more or less in place by the girders, was torn loose from the lower part, which was below the girders and moved channelward.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Government Hill Elementary School in Anchorage which was destroyed by the Government Hill landslide.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Uplifted sea floor at Cape Cleare on Montague Island in Prince William Sound in the area of the greatest recorded tectonic uplift on land (33 feet). The very gently slopping flat rocky surface with the white coating which lies between the cliffs and the water is about a quarter of a mile wide. It is a wave-cut surface that was below sea level before the earthquake. The white coating consists of the remains of calcareous marine organisms that were killed by desiccation when the wave-cut surface was lifted above high tide during the earthquake. Published in U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 541, Figure 11, p.16. 1966.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. The rails were buckled by lateral movement of the embankment fill toward an underlying culvert which had collapsed.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. This road, along Women's Bay on Kodiak Island, is in an area that tectonically subsided 5 feet during the earthquake. Since subsidence, the road has been flooded at high tide and subjected to erosion by waves.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Close-up of a pressure ridge formed on a small Kenai Peninsula lake during the earthquake.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Tsunami damage and high-water line at Seward. The tsunami waves washed the snow from the lower slopes of the hillsides, and the height of the highest wave is marked by the sharp "snow line" on the hillside behind and just above the rooftop in the center left of the photo. Published in U.S. Geological Survey Circular 491, Figure 4-D, p.7.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. The modern wave-cut bedrock surface surrounding Middleton Island (the flat surface between the base of the cliffs and the water) was submerged at a comparable stage of tide before the earthquake. The island lies near the outer edge of Alaska's continental shelf, and the fact that it was uplifted several feet during the earthquake suggests that the changes in land level which accompanied the earthquake in south-central Alaska also affected a large part of the adjacent continental shelf. The flat grass-covered surface which caps the island is an ancient, uplifted wave-cut surface (or marine terrace). It is about 60-70 feet above sea level and is one of five uplifted marine terrace...
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Uplifted dock on Hinchinbrook Island, Prince William Sound. Land in this area rose about 8 feet during the earthquake, and the dock can now be used only at extremely high tides. Published in U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 541, Figure 16, p.21. 1966
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. One span of the Million Dollar truss bridge of the former Copper River and Northwestern Railroad was dropped into the Copper River by the earthquake, and the other truss spans were shifted on their piers. Published in U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 541, Figure 29, p.28. 1966.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. This railroad embankment moved to the right on a very gentle slop during the earthquake, but the movement was arrested at the crossroad. The movement of the embankment to the right is shown by the railroad tracks which bend upslope (toward the left) as they approach the crossroad.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Close-up of the compressional buckle, the ruptured fuel tank, and the revetment at the foot of the landslide near the Alaska Native Hospital in Anchorage.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. This truck at Lowell Point, 2 miles from Seward, was bent around a tree by the surge waves generated by the underwater landslides along the Seward waterfront. The truck was about 32 feet above water level at the time of the earthquake.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Fissures in outwash gravel overlying the thick Bootlegger Cove Clay (a marine silt of Pleistocene age) damaged pavements, basements, and underground utilities in the Turnagain Heights district of Anchorage. The fissures (the dark lines in the snow) cross a road and snow-covered lawns and trend toward house foundations.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. Scarp at the subsidence trough or graben of the Fourth Avenue landslide, downtown Anchorage. Before the earthquake, the side walk in front of the stores on the right, which are in the graben, was at the level of the street on the left, which was not involved in the subsidence. The graben subsided 11 feet in response to 14 feet of horizontal movement of the slide block during the earthquake. Published in U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 541, Figure 17, p.21. 1966.
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Alaska Earthquake March 27, 1964. The channelward movement of stream banks composed of unconsolidated materials compressed and buckled many railroad bridges in the epicentral region. The tracks beyond the areas of channelward movement were, of course, pulled apart, and many of the angle bards connecting the tracks were broken. This bridge on the Kenai Peninsula buckled laterally.
map background search result map search result map Uplifted sea floor, Cape Cleare, Montague Island in Prince William Sound, Alaska. 1964. Uplifted sea floor, Cape Cleare, Montague Island in Prince William Sound, Alaska. 1964.