Filters: Tags: Biological (X)
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Our demands on natural systems outweigh the capacity of those systems to support us. This paper calls for an approach to development that consistently delivers ‘net benefit’ for biodiversity or ‘ecological enhancement’. Examples of enhancement are presented through four case studies in India undertaken between 2005 and 2010. Actions focus on improving the overall ecological structure, composition and functions of sites; strengthening ecological networks by creating new habitats and buffer areas; and improving the services provided by the ecosystems, without jeopardizing biodiversity. While recognizing the importance of quantitative metrics of impacts and mitigation measures to determine outcomes, such measures were...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: biological,
conservation,
control,
ecosystem,
habitat,
The expansion of protected areas is a critical component of strategies to promote the continued existence of biodiversity (i.e., life at all levels of biological organization) as climate changes, but scientific, social, and economic uncertainties associated with climate change are some of the major obstacles preventing such expansion. New models of climate change and species distribution and new methods of conservation planning now make it possible to explore the uncertainties associated with climate changes and species responses. Yet few reliable estimates of the costs of expanding protected areas and methods for determining these costs exist, largely because of the many (and uncertain) determinants of these costs....
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: *Climate Change,
*Models,
Biological,
Conservation of Natural Resources/*economics/*meth,
Ecosystem,
This data set contains sensitive biological resource data for marine and estuarine vegetation in Puget Sound and Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. Vector lines in this data set represent shoreline segments with kelp and eelgrass in Puget Sound and Strait of Juan de Fuca. Species-specific abundance, seasonality, status, life history, and source information are stored in relational data tables designed to be used in conjunction with this spatial data layer. This data set comprises a portion of the Environmental Sensitivity Index (ESI) data for Puget Sound and Strait of Juan de Fuca, Washington. ESI data characterize the marine and coastal environments and wildlife by their sensitivity to spilled oil. The ESI data...
The need for integrated and widely accessible sources of species traits data to facilitate studies of ecology, conservation, and management has motivated development of traits databases for various taxa. In spite of the increasing number of traits-based analyses of freshwater fishes in the United States, no consolidated database of traits of this group exists publicly, and much useful information on these species is documented only in obscure sources. The largely inaccessible and unconsolidated traits information makes large-scale analysis involving many fishes and/or traits particularly challenging. We have compiled a database of >100 traits for 809 (731 native and 78 nonnative) fish species found in freshwaters...
Wildlife Management Areas (WMAs), Refuges and Conservation Areas throughout Louisiana.
This is an aggregate national dataset describing the geographic boundaries of the ACEC within the BLM managed public lands. The designated ACECs are "areas within the public lands where special management attention is required to protect and prevent irreparable damage to important historic, cultural, or scenic values, fish and wildlife resources or other natural systems of processes, or to protect life and safety from natural hazards."
Types: Downloadable;
Tags: ACEC,
Areas of Critical Environmental Concern,
BLM,
Biological,
Bureau of Land Management,
Mandatory targets for biofuels have led to their rapid global adoption, but ethical problems with their large-scale production are widely reported. Research is underway to find new biofuel technologies that mitigate climate change and can be produced sustainably and economically. Following an 18-month inquiry, the Nuffield Council on Bioethics has developed an ethical framework for biofuels policy-making. Based on a number of widely held ethical values, six ethical principles are introduced that should be considered in biofuels policy-making. Many current biofuels policies fail this ethical ‘test’. An overarching ethical standard for biofuels is proposed that includes the protection of human rights and the environment,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Biological,
electric,
experimental,
fields,
frequency,
Global conservation prioritization usually emphasizes areas with highest species richness or where many species are thought to be at imminent risk of extinction. However, these strategies may overlook areas where many species have biological traits that make them particularly sensitive to future human impact but are not yet threatened because such impact is currently low. In this article, we identify such areas for the world's mammals using latent extinction risk, the discrepancy between a species' current extinction risk and that predicted from models on the basis of biological traits. Species with positive latent risk are currently less threatened than their biology would suggest, usually because they inhabit...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: *Conservation of Natural Resources,
*Ecosystem,
*Mammals/classification,
Animals,
Biological,
1985 Gulf of Mexico Atlas abstract American oyster Crassostrea virginica Ostion americanoDescription Range: The American oyster, a bivalve mollusc of the family Ostreidae, is found in the western Atlantic from the Gulf of St. Lawrence to the Yucatan Peninsula. In the Gulf, this species occurs throughout estuaries, shallow nearshore waters, and on reefs located near river mouths. Habitat: Large populations of this benthic invertebrate are found in the large estuarine bays and sounds of the Gulf (with most concentrations found within 10-meter depths). Sedentary in character, this invertebrate attaches in clusters to shell reefs, firm mud/shell bottoms and other hard substrates. Feeding and Behavior: The American oyster...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES,
ANIMALS/INVERTEBRATES,
Academics & scientific researchers,
Alabama,
American oyster,
Herd Areas (HAs) are where horses were located during a flight inventory in the early 1970s as required by legislation. Herd Management Areas (HMAs) are locations where there is sufficient resources managed by the BLM to support horse or burro populations as identified in a BLM planning document. This polygon database displays HAs and HMAs across the west.
Most populations of migrant shorebirds around the world are in serious decline, suggesting that vital condition-dependent rates such as fecundity and annual survival are being affected globally. A striking example is the red knot (Calidris canutus rufa) population wintering in Tierra del Fuego, which undertakes marathon 30,000 km hemispheric migrations annually. In spring, migrant birds forage voraciously on horseshoe crab eggs in Delaware Bay in the eastern USA before departing to breed in Arctic polar deserts. From 1997 to 2002 an increasing proportion of knots failed to reach threshold departure masses of 180-200 g, possibly because of later arrival in the Bay and food shortage from concurrent over-harvesting...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: *Animal Migration,
*Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena,
*Models,
Age Factors,
Animals,
This metadata record describes a series of data sets of natural and anthropogenic landscape features linked to NHDPlus Version 2.1’s (NHDPlusV2) approximately 2.7 million stream segments, their associated catchments, and their upstream watersheds within the conterminous United States. The data were linked to four spatial components of NHDPlusV2: individual reach catchments, riparian buffer zones around individual reaches, reach catchments accumulated downstream through the river network, and riparian buffer zones accumulated downstream through the river network. All data can be linked to NHDPlus using the COMID field in these tables and the ComID in the flowline shapefiles or FEATUREID in the catchment ones in the...
Two major approaches address the need to predict species distributions in response to environmental changes. Correlative models estimate parameters phenomenologically by relating current distributions to environmental conditions. By contrast, mechanistic models incorporate explicit relationships between environmental conditions and organismal performance, estimated independently of current distributions. Mechanistic approaches include models that translate environmental conditions into biologically relevant metrics (e.g. potential duration of activity), models that capture environmental sensitivities of survivorship and fecundity, and models that use energetics to link environmental conditions and demography. We...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: *Climate Change,
*Models,
Animals,
Biological,
Butterflies/*physiology,
Herd Areas (HAs) are where horses were located during a flight inventory in the early 1970s as required by legislation. Herd Management Areas (HMAs) are locations where there is sufficient resources managed by the BLM to support horse or burro populations as identified in a BLM planning document. This polygon database displays HAs and HMAs across the west.
Types: Downloadable;
Tags: BLM,
Biological,
Bureau of Land Management,
CBR 2010,
Central Basin and Range,
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