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Observers at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge recorded the use by birds of koa (Acacia koa) and ohia (Metrosideros polymorpha) trees in two sites that were recovering from ungulate disturbance and two reforestation sites where trees had been planted. Observations were made pre- and post-defoliation of koa trees by koa moths (Scotorythra paludicola) during 2013. Focal trees at each site were selected haphazardly and observed for 2 minutes to determine the total number individual birds that visited the tree. Birds were counted when they were already present or as they flew into a tree during the 2-minute period, regardless of whether they departed before the end of the observation period. Birds were identified...
Bird banding at 2 locations adjacent to one another (one in koa restoration forest, and other in native intact forest) at Hakalau Forest National Wildlife Refuge before and after the start of an outbreak by koa moths (Scotorythra paludicola) during 2013. Each bird was measured with an electronic scale accurate to 1/10th g. Results indicate that insectivorous birds increased in mass, on average, while generalist diet species showed marginally significant increases, and two out of three nectarivorous and frugivorous birds did not have significant change.
Animals respond to climatic change by adapting or by altering distributional patterns. How an animal responds is influenced by where it is positioned within its geographic range; the probability of extirpation is increased near range boundaries. Here, we examine the impact of Holocene climatic fluctuations on a small mammalian herbivore, the bushy-tailed woodrat (Neotoma cinerea), at five locations within south central Idaho and northwestern Utah. Previous work demonstrated that woodrats adapt to temperature shifts by altering body size. We focus here on the relationship between body mass, temperature, and location within the geographic range. Body mass is estimated by measuring fossil fecal pellets, a technique...
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This data release includes metadata and tabular data that document the responses of birds to changes in habitat conditions before and after koa (Acacia koa) defoliation by koa moths (Scotorythra paludicola). Data sets document changes in the (1) use of tree species, (2) arthropod composition of diets, and (3) body mass.
Temperature profoundly influences the physiology and life history characteristics of organisms, particularly in terms of body size. Because so many critical parameters scale with body mass, long-term temperature fluctuations can have dramatic impacts. We examined the response of a small mammalian herbivore, the bushy-tailed woodrat (Neotoma cinerea), to temperature change from 20,000 yr B.P. to present, at five sites within the Colorado Plateau. Our investigations focused on the relationship between temperature, plant composition and abundance, and woodrat size. Body size was estimated by measuring fossil fecal pellets, a technique validated in earlier work. We found significant and highly covariable patterns in...
    map background search result map search result map Hawaii Island bird response to koa moth outbreak, 2013-2014 Change in mass of birds pre- and post-koa moth outbreak, Hawaii Island, 2013-2014 Patterns of tree use by birds pre- and post-koa moth outbreak, Hawaii Island, 2013-2014 Hawaii Island bird response to koa moth outbreak, 2013-2014 Change in mass of birds pre- and post-koa moth outbreak, Hawaii Island, 2013-2014 Patterns of tree use by birds pre- and post-koa moth outbreak, Hawaii Island, 2013-2014