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Effects of land cover change on streamflow in the interior Columbia River Basin (USA and Canada). Synopsis: This study analyzed the effects of vegetation change on hydrological fluctuations in the Columbia River basin over the last century using two land cover scenarios. The first scenario was a reconstruction of historical land cover vegetation, c. 1900. The second scenario was more recent land cover as estimated from remote sensing data for 1990. The results show that, hydrologically, the most important vegetation-related change has been a general tendency towards decreased vegetation maturity in the forested areas of the basin. This general trend represents a balance between the effects of logging and fire suppression. In those areas where forest maturity has been reduced as a result of logging, wintertime... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: British Columbia, Idaho, Land use configuration, Montana, Natural cover amount, All tags... Nevada, Oregon, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, evapotranspiration, forest cover, forests, logging, meso-regional, snow processes, stream flow, streamflow, timber harvest, vegetation change, water quantity, Fewer tags Changes in landscape composition influence the decline of a threatened woodland caribou population Conclusions: Habitat changes resulting from timber harvest have altered the predator–prey balance leading to asymmetric predation affecting the survivial rates of endangered mountain caribou Thresholds/Learnings: As young forest stands increase in proportion to old forests, caribou population densities and survival rates decline as they become increasingly vulnerable to predation and extripation. Synopsis: Timber harvesting in areas of Mountain Caribou habitat have created landscapes of early seral forests. Such habitat changes have altered the predator–prey balance resulting in asymmetric predation in which predators are maintained by alternative prey (i.e. apparent competition). This study estimates survival... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: British Columbia, Caribou, Natural cover amount, Predation, Woodland Caribou, All tags... apparent competition, conifer forest, extirpation, habitat loss, meso-regional, population dynamics, survival analysis, Fewer tags Factors influencing the dispersion and fragmentation of endangered mountain caribou populations Conclusions: Caribou subpopulation persistence and landscape occupancy depends highly on the degree of forest cover, cover type, and distance from human presence. Thresholds/Learnings: Synopsis: This study evaluates factors influencing the persistence and landscape occupancy of caribou subpopulations in southern British Columbia. Data from 235 radio-collared caribou across 13 subpopulations were used to derive a landscape occupancy index. The index was analyzed against 33 landscape variables including, land cover, terrain, climate, and human influence. At the metapopulation level, the persistence of subpopulations correlated with the extent of wet climate conditions and the distribution of old forests and alpine... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: British Columbia, Columbia Mountains/Northern Rockies, Extirpation, Forest, Fragmentation, All tags... Habitat, Human, Land use, Land use configuration, Landscape, Landscape fragmentation, Mountain Caribou, Natural cover amount, Natural cover heterogeneity, Persistence, Population, Road density, Settlement, Woodland Caribou, caribou, cedar/conifer forest, regional, spatial modeling, terrestrial mammals, Fewer tags Mortality patterns in a subpopulation of endangered mountain caribou. Conclusions:Adult mortality appeared to be largely the result of predation, with cougars accounting for half of the known-cause mortalities. The much higher rate of mortality observed in the more developed portion of the study area supports a link between predation and forestry development.Thresholds/Learnings: Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: British Columbia, Canadian Rockies, Landscape fragmentation, caribou, predation, All tags... regional, terrestrial mammals, Fewer tags Potential conflict between future development of natural resources and high-value wildlife habitats in boreal landscapes We used the Muskwa-Kechika Management Area in northeast British Columbia, Canada as a case study to determine potential conflicts between future resource development and high-value habitats of large mammals in an undeveloped boreal landscape. More than 50 % of high-value habitats for caribou, moose, elk, wolves and grizzly bears were located in Special Resource Management Zones, where natural resource developments could occur. We developed geographic information system (GIS) layers of potential forest resources, oil and gas, minerals, wind power, all resources combined, and roads; and quantified the proportions of high-value habitats overlapping these potentials. Greater proportions of high-value habitats across... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Boreal forest, British Columbia, Habitat conservation, Muskwa-Kechika Management Area, Resource development, All tags... Woodland caribou, Fewer tags Population fragmentation and inter-ecosystem movements of grizzly bears in western Canada and the northern United States. Conclusions: Grizzly bear population fragmentation corresponded to the presence of settled mountain valleys and major highways. In these disturbed areas, the inter-area movements of female bears was affected more than for male bears. Without female connectivity, small subpopulations of grizzly bears are not viable over the long term. Thresholds/Learnings: Females grizzlies reduced their movement rates drastically when settlement increased to >20% of a given area. In highly settled areas (>50% settlement), both sexes demonstrated similar reductions in movement. Synopsis: Researchers studied the current state and potential causes of population fragmentation in grizzly bears over western Canada, the Greater Yellowstone... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Alberta, British Columbia, Canadian Rockies, Chilcotin Ranges and Fraser Plateau, Clear Hills and Western Alberta Upland, All tags... Coastal Western Hemlock, Columbia Mountains/Northern Rockies, Crown of the Continent/Greater Yellowstone Ecoregion, DNA, Demographic fragmentation, Land use configuration, Landscape fragmentation, Mackenzie and Selwyn Mountains, Middle Rockies, Montana, Peel River and Nahanni Plateaus, Sitka Spruce Forests, Skeena-Omineca-Central Canadian Rocky Mountains, Ursus arctos, Watson Highlands, Wyoming, Yukon-Stikine Highlands/Boreal Mountains and Plateaus, climate change, female connectivity, gene flow, grizzly bears, inter-area movement, meso-regional, microsatellites, population assignment,population fragmentation, population fragmentation, radio telemetry, species at risk, terrestrial mammals, Fewer tags Reach- and Watershed-Scale Associations of Crayfish within an Area of Varying Agricultural Impact in West-Central Indiana We studied the associations of crayfish with reach-scale instream habitat and water quality variables and watershed-scale variables of riparian and watershed land cover, runoff, impervious surfaces, and hydrologic soil type in west-central Indiana. Crayfish assemblage was measured by abundance, species richness, and diversity (Shannon's H) at 180 sites. The western portion of the study area, within the Interior River Lowland ecoregion, has been heavily impacted by agriculture, while the eastern portion, within the Interior Plateau ecoregion, is more heavily wooded and less impacted. The ability of variables at each spatial extent to predict crayfish assemblage was assessed using multiple linear regression analysis.... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: ASFA 1: Biological Sciences & Living Resources, Abundance, Agricultural development, Agriculture, Biology--Entomology, All tags... British Columbia, Cambaridae, Canada, D 04040:Ecosystem and Ecology Studies, Data Visualization & Tools, Ecology Abstracts, Freshwater, Freshwater crustaceans, Habitat, Indiana, Interior Plateau, Landscapes, M3 1010:Issues in Sustainable Development, Models, Northeast CASC, Other Landscapes, Prediction, Q1 01463:Habitat community studies, Regression analysis, Riparian environments, Riparian zone, Rivers, Runoff, Science Tools For Managers, Soil types, Soils, Species Richness, Species diversity, Sustainability Science Abstracts, USA, Water Resources Abstracts, Watersheds, plateaus, spatial distribution, water quality, Fewer tags Potential conflict between future development of natural resources and high-value wildlife habitats in boreal landscapes We used the Muskwa-Kechika Management Area in northeast British Columbia, Canada as a case study to determine potential conflicts between future resource development and high-value habitats of large mammals in an undeveloped boreal landscape. More than 50 % of high-value habitats for caribou, moose, elk, wolves and grizzly bears were located in Special Resource Management Zones, where natural resource developments could occur. We developed geographic information system (GIS) layers of potential forest resources, oil and gas, minerals, wind power, all resources combined, and roads; and quantified the proportions of high-value habitats overlapping these potentials. Greater proportions of high-value habitats across... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Boreal forest, British Columbia, Habitat conservation, Muskwa-Kechika Management Area, Resource development, All tags... Woodland caribou, Fewer tags Cross-scale drivers of natural disturbances prone to anthropogenic amplification: the dynamics of bark beetle eruptions Synopsis: Because recent bark beetle population eruptions have exceeded the frequencies, impacts, and ranges documented during the previous 125 years, researchers have been prompted to determine what factors trigger broad scale outbreaks, and how do these factors interact? How do human activities, such as forest management, alter these interactions, and thus the frequency, extent, severity, and synchrony of outbreaks? Extensive host tree abundance and susceptibility, concentrated beetle density, favorable weather, optimal symbiotic associations, and escape from natural enemies must occur jointly for beetles to surpass a series of thresholds and exert widespread disturbance. Eruptions occur when key thresholds are... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Alaska, Alberta, Arizona, British Columbia, California, All tags... Colorado, Curculionidae: Scolytinae, Idaho, Land use configuration, Landscape fragmentation, Montana, Natural cover amount, Natural cover heterogeneity, Nevada, New Mexico, Oregon, South Dakota, Utah, Washington, Wyoming, conifer forest, fragmentation, insect infestation, landscape structure, meso-regional, mountain pine beetle, pinyon beetle, spruce beetle, Fewer tags Environmental Trends in British Columbia 2002 Conclusions: Presents environmental indicators for the purpose of guiding future planning efforts. These include 16 key indicators incorporating 64 separate measures highlighting the status and trends in environmental issues, as well targets to guide planning efforts. Thresholds/Learnings: Road density thresholds: Grizzly Bear 0.4km/km2; Black Bear 1.25km/km2; Elk 0.62 km/km2; and Bull Trout 0.1-1.31 km/km2 Synopsis: This document represents British Columbia’s third environmental indicators report, including 16 key indicators incorporating 64 separate measures highlighting the status and trends in environmental issues. The information is grouped into six theme areas: biodiversity, water, stewardship, human health... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: British Columbia, Climate change, Land use configuration, Landscape fragmentation, Natural cover amount, All tags... Natural cover heterogeneity, biodiversity, biodiversity, climate change, environmental indicators, environmental quality, human health and the environment, meso-regional, multiple, toxic contaminants, water, water quality, Fewer tags