Filters: Tags: Carpenter, P.J. Collection (X)
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Slide description and index card: Effects of the May 18 mudflows in the vicinity of Mount St. Helens. C, Mudflows destroyed nearly all the bridges that crossed streams draining from the northern, northeastern, and northwestern parts of Mount St. Helens. This lack of stream crossings greatly hampered ground rescue and recovery efforts. The steel highway bridge shown in photo no. 35ct (msh_1249_00035_ct) was formerly at the site shown in this photo, on the North Fork Toutle River 23 miles downstream from headwaters on Mount St. Helens. Aerial view. Cowlitz County, Washington. May 20, 1980. (Photo by Philip Carpenter). Published as Figure 31-C in U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1949. 1982.
Slide description and index card: Effects of the May 18 mudflows in the vicinity of Mount St. Helens. A, The mudflow in the South Fork Toutle River reached Camp 12 logging camp (27 miles downstream from headwaters on Mount St. Helens) about 1 hour and 40 minutes after the start of the May 18 eruption and left a tangled mass of logs and heavy equipment. Aerial view. Cowlitz County, Washington. May 20, 1980. (Photo by Philip Carpenter). Published as Figure 31-A in U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1949. 1982.
Slide description and index card: Aerial view of steam erupting from still-hot parts of the avalanche deposits 18 days after the major eruption of Mount St. Helens. Hundreds of steam vents and craters formed near the site of Spirit Lake and the head of the North Fork Toutle River wherever the very hot volcanic deposits were contacted by water, which then turned to steam and blew out through the overlying deposits. The view here is toward the southeast. The steaming crater in the right foreground is about 250 feet across. The southwestern end of Spirit Lake, largely covered with floating forest debris, is in the lower left. Skamania County, Washington. June 5, 1980. (Photo by Philip Carpenter). Published...
Slide description and index card: The avalanche deposit, largely the remains of the bulge mass from Mount St. Helens, included hot parts of the volcano as well as blocks of ice from destroyed glaciers. A, USGS hydrologist J.R. Williams examines a fumarole area within the cooler avalanche deposit at the northern base of Mount St. Helens. The heat was derived from hot rock material buried within the deposit. Fumarole area marked by yellowish deposits. Helicopter in background. Skamania County, Washington. June 5, 1980. (Photo by Philip Carpenter). Published as Figure 37-A in U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1949. 1982.
Slide description and index card: Effects of the May 18 mudflows in the vicinity of Mount St. Helens. B, The mudflow in the Muddy River left streambanks strewn with logs betwen ash-coated trees at a reach 16 miles downstream from headwaters on Mount St. Helens. Aerial view. Skamania County, Washington. May 20, 1980. (Photo by Philip Carpenter). Published as Figure 31-B in U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1949. 1982.
Slide description and index card: Timber and mudflow debris, carried by flooding tributary streams that drain the eastern and southeastern slopes of Mount St. Helens, began entering the eastern end of Swift Reservoir about half an hour after the May 18 eruption began. The flood surge reportedly caused by initial rise of about 6 feet at this end of the reservoir in 15 minutes, but the level of the reservoir had been drawn down about 30 feet in anticipation of floods from the mountain. The mudflows poured about 11,000 acre-feet (about 18 million cubic yards) of mud and debris into Swift Reservoir and caused a water-level rise of 2.6 feet throughout the reservoir. Aerial view. Skamania County, Washington. May 20, 1980....
Slide description and index card: Effects of the May 18 mudflows in the vicinity of Mount St. Helens. D, The mudflow in the North Fork Toutle River was dense enough to support heavy machinery and this section of a steel two-lane highway bridge as it carried them downstream. The mudflows moved some of this heavy debris for miles before depositing it at places where the mud lost velocity. This bridge was originally part of the stream crossing shown in photo no. 34ct (msh_1249_00034_ct). Aerial view. Cowlitz County, Washington. May 20, 1980. (Photo by Philip Carpenter). Published as Figure 31-D in U.S. Geological Survey. Professional Paper 1949. 1982.
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