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The influence of groundwater chemistry on arsenic concentrations and speciation in a quartz sand and gravel aquifer We examined the chemical reactions influencing dissolved concentrations, speciation, and transport of naturally occurring arsenic (As) in a shallow, sand and gravel aquifer with distinct geochemical zones resulting from land disposal of dilute sewage effluent. The principal geochemical zones were: (1) the uncontaminated zone above the sewage plume [350 µM dissolved oxygen (DO), pH 5.9]; (2) the suboxic zone (5 µM DO, pH 6.2, elevated concentrations of sewage-derived phosphate and nitrate); and (3) the anoxic zone [dissolved iron(II) 100–300 µM, pH 6.5–6.9, elevated concentrations of sewage-derived phosphate]. Sediments are comprised of greater than 90% quartz but the surfaces of quartz and other mineral grains are... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Arsenic, Contamination, Geochemistry, Groundwater, qua SPMD samples Palmyra Atoll 2008 Semi-Permeable Membrane Devices (SPMDs) were deployed for approximately 2 weeks at Palmyra Atoll during October and November, 2008. SPMDs passively accumulate organic compounds from the aquatic enviroment, and are then analyzed for various organic compounds. The deployment date, reasons for selecting the particular site, and photograph numbers as links are indicated. Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Pacific Ocean, Palmyra Atoll, U.S. Navy, World War II, contamination, All tags... infrastructure, Fewer tags Change in salinity exposure of salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey during Hurricane Sandy As part of the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey is expanding National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands. The intent is to provide federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability of coastal wetlands to various factors and to evaluate their ecosystem service potential. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), New Jersey, was selected as a pilot study area. As part of this data synthesis effort, hydrodynamic and sediment transport... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Barnegat Bay, Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Great Bay, Little Egg Island, All tags... New Jersey, United States, coastal ecosystems, coastal processes, contamination, ecological processes, environment, environment, environmental assessment, estuary, inlandWaters, marsh health, oceans, polygon shapefile, resilience, salinity, salinity, salinity exposure, salt marsh, vegetation, vegetation, vulnerability, wetland ecosystems, wetland functions, Fewer tags Exposure potential of saltmarsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge to environmental health stressors (polygon shapefile) Natural and anthropogenic contaminants, pathogens, and viruses are found in soils and sediments throughout the United States. Enhanced dispersion and concentration of these environmental health stressors in coastal regions can result from sea level rise and storm-derived disturbances. The combination of existing environmental health stressors and those mobilized by natural or anthropogenic disasters could adversely impact the health and resilience of coastal communities and ecosystems. This dataset displays the exposure potential to environmental health stressors in the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), which spans over Great Bay, Little Egg Harbor, and Barnegat Bay in New Jersey, USA. Exposure... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Barnegat Bay, Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Great Bay, Little Egg Island, All tags... New Jersey, United States, coastal ecosystems, coastal processes, contaminant transport, contamination, ecological processes, ecotoxicology, environment, environmental assessment, estuary, facility registry service, inlandWaters, marsh health, oceans, polygon shapefile, resilience, salt marsh, sediment, sedimentation, toxic release inventory, vegetation, vulnerability, wetland ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, wetland functions, Fewer tags US Navy roads Palmyra Atoll 1944 Data set contains individual structures and use-areas identifiable from scanned images of 1944 hand-drawn map of buildings and facilities at Palmyra Atoll during World War II, at which time the atoll served as a training facility for the U.S. Navy. Scanned images were georeferenced against control points identifiable from 2007 QuickBird satellite imagery and on control points for which positional data were gathered during sampling in October and November 2008. Georeferenced image was then used to delineate individual structures and other areas as polygons. Attributes were taken from legend for 1944 map. Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Pacific Ocean, Palmyra Atoll, U.S. Navy, World War II, contamination, All tags... infrastructure, Fewer tags Exposure potential of salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge to environmental health stressors Natural and anthropogenic contaminants, pathogens, and viruses are found in soils and sediments throughout the United States. Enhanced dispersion and concentration of these environmental health stressors in coastal regions can result from sea level rise and storm-derived disturbances. The combination of existing environmental health stressors and those mobilized by natural or anthropogenic disasters could adversely impact the health and resilience of coastal communities and ecosystems. This dataset displays the exposure potential to environmental health stressors in the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), which spans over Great Bay, Little Egg Harbor, and Barnegat Bay in New Jersey, USA. Exposure... Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Barnegat Bay, Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Great Bay, Little Egg Island, All tags... New Jersey, United States, coastal ecosystems, coastal processes, contaminant transport, contamination, ecological processes, ecotoxicology, environment, environmental assessment, estuary, facility registry service, inlandWaters, marsh health, oceans, polygon shapefile, resilience, salt marsh, sediment, sedimentation, toxic release inventory, vegetation, vulnerability, wetland ecosystems, wetland functions, Fewer tags Arsenic in the environment: Biology and Chemistry Arsenic (As) distribution and toxicology in the environment is a serious issue, with millions of individuals worldwide being affected by As toxicosis. Sources of As contamination are both natural and anthropogenic and the scale of contamination ranges from local to regional. There are many areas of research that are being actively pursued to address the As contamination problem. These include new methods of screening for As in the field, determining the epidemiology of As in humans, and identifying the risk of As uptake in agriculture. Remediation of As-affected water supplies is important and research includes assessing natural remediation potential as well as phytoremediation. Another area of active research is... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Agriculture, Arsenic, Contamination, Field test kit, H Change in salinity in salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey during Hurricane Sandy As part of the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey is expanding National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands. The intent is to provide federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability of coastal wetlands to various factors and to evaluate their ecosystem service potential. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), New Jersey, was selected as a pilot study area. As part of this data synthesis effort, hydrodynamic and sediment transport... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Barnegat Bay, Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Great Bay, Little Egg Island, All tags... New Jersey, United States, coastal ecosystems, coastal processes, contamination, ecological processes, environment, environment, environmental assessment, estuary, inlandWaters, marsh health, oceans, polygon shapefile, resilience, salinity, salinity, salt marsh, vegetation, vegetation, vulnerability, wetland ecosystems, wetland functions, Fewer tags XRF samples Palmyra Atoll 2008 and 2010 Soils and organismal tissue from known and potential sources of contamination at Palmyra Atoll were measured for concentrations of 13 elements using a hand-held X-Ray Flourometer (XRF). Measured elements include; Lead (PB), Arsenic (As), Cobalt (Co), Cromium (Cr), Copper (Cu), Antimony (Sb), Iron (Fe), Titanium (Ti), Zinc (Zn), Nickel (Ni), Manganese (Mn), Sulphur (S) and Phosphorous (P). Concentrations of other elements were excluded because they were below the limit of detection or were sporadically detected; these include Tin (Sn), Cadmium (Cd), Silver (Ag), Strontium (Sr), Ruthenium (Rb), Selenium (Se), Mercury (Hg), Vanadium (V), Scantium (Sc), Calcium (Ca), Potassium (K), and Chlorine (Cl). Attributes for... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Pacific Ocean, Palmyra Atoll, U.S. Navy, World War II, contamination, All tags... structures, Fewer tags Climate Change Vulnerability and Adaptation Strategies for Natural Communities NatureServe worked with several federal, state, and NGO partners in the United States and Mexico to conduct a climate change vulnerability assessment of major natural community types found within the Mojave and Sonoran Deserts. The project focused on ten major upland, riparian, and aquatic community types, including pinyon-juniper woodlands, Joshua tree-blackbrush scrub, creosote-bursage scrub, salt desert scrub, Paloverde-mixed cacti scrub, semi-desert grassland, desert riparian and stream, riparian mesquite bosque, and desert springs. This effort piloted a new Habitat Climate Change Vulnerability Index (HCCVI) approach being developed by NatureServe, as a companion to an existing index for species. The project... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Arizona, BMP, Baja California, California, English, All tags... GIS, Mexico, Nevada, OHV, Sonora, US, Utah, agriculture, assessment, biodiversity, bird, climate, connectivity, contamination, development, ecoregion, energy, erosion, fire, fish, grassland, grazing, groundwater, invasive, invertebrate, mammal, management, map, mining, model, monitoring, plan, plant, priority, protected area, rare, recreation, renewable, reptile, research, resilience, restoration, riparian, river, road, scrub, shrub, soil, spring, stream, threat, vegetation, water, watershed, wildlife, Fewer tags The Human Footprint in the West The human footprint map focuses on shrubland ecosystems and combines models of habitat use by synanthropic predators (“top-down” effects) and the risk of invasive plant presence (“bottom-up” effects) to estimate the total influence of human activities. Humans have dramatically altered wildlands in the western United States over the past 100 years by using these lands and the resources they provide. Anthropogenic changes to the landscape, such as urban expansion, construction of roads, power lines, and other networks and land uses necessary to maintain human populations influence the number and kinds of plants and wildlife that remain. We developed the map of the human footprint for the western United States from... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: English, GIS, US, agriculture, connectivity, All tags... contamination, development, energy, fire, invasive, map, model, oil, plant, road, soil, threat, topography, vegetation, Fewer tags Inferred hydrodynamic residence time in salt marsh units in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey As part of the Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, the U.S. Geological Survey is expanding National Assessment of Coastal Change Hazards and forecast products to coastal wetlands. The intent is to provide federal, state, and local managers with tools to estimate the vulnerability of coastal wetlands to various factors and to evaluate their ecosystem service potential. For this purpose, the response and resilience of coastal wetlands to physical factors need to be assessed in terms of the ensuing change to their vulnerability and ecosystem services. Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), New Jersey, was selected as a pilot study area. As part of this data synthesis effort, hydrodynamic and sediment transport... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Barnegat Bay, Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Great Bay, Little Egg Island, All tags... New Jersey, United States, coastal ecosystems, coastal processes, contaminant transport, contamination, ecological processes, environment, environmental assessment, estuary, flushing, inlandWaters, marsh health, oceans, polygon shapefile, residence time, resilience, salt marsh, vegetation, vulnerability, wetland ecosystems, wetland functions, Fewer tags Raster image of exposure potential to environmental health stressors in Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (32-bit GeoTIFF) Natural and anthropogenic contaminants, pathogens, and viruses are found in soils and sediments throughout the United States. Enhanced dispersion and concentration of these environmental health stressors in coastal regions can result from sea level rise and storm-derived disturbances. The combination of existing environmental health stressors and those mobilized by natural or anthropogenic disasters could adversely impact the health and resilience of coastal communities and ecosystems. This dataset displays the exposure potential to environmental health stressors in the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (EBFNWR), which spans over Great Bay, Little Egg Harbor, and Barnegat Bay in New Jersey, USA. Exposure... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Atlantic Ocean, Barnegat Bay, Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, Great Bay, Little Egg Island, All tags... New Jersey, United States, coastal ecosystems, coastal processes, contaminant transport, contamination, ecological processes, ecotoxicology, environment, environmental assessment, estuary, facility registry service, inlandWaters, marsh health, oceans, polygon shapefile, resilience, salt marsh, sediment, sedimentation, toxic release inventory, vegetation, vulnerability, wetland ecosystems, wetland ecosystems, wetland functions, Fewer tags US Navy 1944 Palmyra Atoll Map Scanned, georectified, and mosaiced image of 1944 hand-drawn map of buildings and facilities at Palmyra Atoll during World War II, at which time the atoll served as a training facility for the U.S. Navy. Scanned images were georeferenced against control points identifiable from 2007 QuickBird satellite imagery and on control points for which positional data were gathered during sampling in October and November 2008. Types: Citation; Tags: Pacific Ocean, Palmyra Atoll, U.S. Navy, World War II, contamination, All tags... infrastructure, Fewer tags Assessment of Grassland Ecosystem Conditions in the Southwestern United States: Wildlife and Fish, Volume 2 This report is volume 2 of a two-volume ecological assessment of grassland ecosystems in the Southwestern United States. Broad-scale assessments are syntheses of current scientific knowledge, including a description of uncertainties and assumptions, to provide a characterization and comprehensive description of ecological, social, and economic components within an assessment area. Volume 1 of this assessment focused on the ecology, types, conditions, and management practices of Southwestern grasslands. Volume 2 (this volume) describes wildlife and fish species, their habitat requirements, and species-specific management concerns, in Southwestern grasslands. This assessment is regional in scale and pertains primarily... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: BMP, Chihuahuan Desert, English, Sonoran Desert, agriculture, All tags... amphibian, assessment, biodiversity, bird, climate, condition, connectivity, contamination, development, endangered, erosion, fire, fish, grassland, grazing, groundwater, invasive, invertebrate, land cover, mammal, management, map, mining, monitoring, ownership, plan, priority, program, protected area, rare, recreation, reptile, research, restoration, riparian, river, road, scrub, shrub, soil, spring, stream, terrestrial, threat, threatened, vegetation, vulnerability, water, watershed, wetland, wildlife, Fewer tags US Navy 1944 Palmyra Atoll Map Land Clip Version of "US_Navy_1944_Palmyra_Atoll_Map" clipped to 1944 land area. Scanned, georectified, and mosaiced image of 1944 hand-drawn map of buildings and facilities at Palmyra Atoll during World War II, at which time the atoll served as a training facility for the U.S. Navy. Scanned images were georeferenced against control points identifiable from 2007 QuickBird satellite imagery and on control points for which positional data were gathered during sampling in October and November 2008. Types: Citation; Tags: Pacific Ocean, Palmyra Atoll, U.S. Navy, World War II, contamination, All tags... infrastructure, Fewer tags Assessment of Grassland Ecosystem Conditions in the Southwestern United States, Volume 1 This report is volume 1 of a two-volume ecological assessment of grassland ecosystems in the Southwestern United States. Broadscale assessments are syntheses of current scientific knowledge, including a description of uncertainties and assumptions, to provide a characterization and comprehensive description of ecological, social, and economic components within an assessment area. Volume 1 of this assessment focuses on the ecology, types, conditions, and management practices of Southwestern grasslands. The second volume, due to be published in 2005, describes wildlife and fish species, their habitat requirements, and species-specific management concerns, in Southwestern grasslands. This assessment is regional in... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: BMP, Chihuahuan Desert, English, GIS, OHV, All tags... Sonoran Desert, agriculture, amphibian, biodiversity, bird, climate, connectivity, contamination, cultural, development, endangered, energy, erosion, fire, fish, grassland, grazing, invasive, inventory, invertebrate, land cover, mammal, management, map, mining, model, monitoring, oil, ownership, plan, plant, priority, protected area, rare, recreation, reptile, research, resilience, restoration, riparian, road, scrub, shrub, soil, stream, threat, threatened, vegetation, vulnerability, water, watershed, wetland, wildlife, Fewer tags Contamination of groundwater under cultivated fields in an arid environment, central Arava Valley, Israel The purpose of this study is to obtain a better understanding of groundwater contamination processes in an arid environment (precipitation of 50 mm/year) due to cultivation. Additional aims were to study the fate of N, K, and other ions along the whole hydrological system including the soil and vadose zone, and to compare groundwater in its natural state with contaminated groundwater (through the drilling of several wells). A combination of physical, chemical, and isotopic analyses was used to describe the hydrogeological system and the recharge trends of water and salts to the aquifers. The results indicate that intensive irrigation and fertilization substantially affected the quantity and quality of groundwater... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Agriculture, Arid environment, Contamination, Groundw US Navy facilities Palmyra Atoll 1944 Data set contains individual structures and use-areas identifiable from scanned images of 1944 hand-drawn map of buildings and facilities at Palmyra Atoll during World War II, at which time the atoll served as a training facility for the U.S. Navy. Scanned images were georeferenced against control points identifiable from 2007 QuickBird satellite imagery and on control points for which positional data were gathered during sampling in October and November 2008. Georeferenced image was then used to delineate individual structures and other areas as polygons. Attributes were taken from legend for 1944 map. Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, Shapefile; Tags: Pacific Ocean, Palmyra Atoll, U.S. Navy, World War II, contamination, All tags... infrastructure, Fewer tags