Filters: Tags: Conterminous United States (X) > Categories: Publication (X)

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Spatially explicit modeling of 1992–2100 land cover and forest stand age for the conterminous United States Information on future land-use and land-cover (LULC) change is needed to analyze the impact of LULC change on ecological processes. The U.S. Geological Survey has produced spatially explicit, thematically detailed LULC projections for the conterminous United States. Four qualitative and quantitative scenarios of LULC change were developed, with characteristics consistent with the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emission Scenarios (SRES). The four quantified scenarios (A1B, A2, B1, and B2) served as input to the forecasting scenarios of land-use change (FORE-SCE) model. Four spatially explicit data sets consistent with scenario storylines were produced for the conterminous United... Categories: Publication; Types: Journal Citation; Tags: Conterminous United States, Forest stand age, Land use and Land cover, Projections, Spatially-explicit modeling Improvements and Evaluation of the Agro-Hydrologic VegET Model for Large-Area Water Budget Analysis and Drought Monitoring We enhanced the agro-hydrologic VegET model to include snow accumulation and melt processes and the separation of runoff into surface runoff and deep drainage. Driven by global weather datasets and parameterized by land surface phenology (LSP), the enhanced VegET model was implemented in the cloud to simulate daily soil moisture (SM), actual evapotranspiration (ETa), and runoff (R) for the conterminous United States (CONUS) and the Greater Horn of Africa (GHA). Evaluation of the VegET model with independent data showed satisfactory performance, capturing the temporal variability of SM (Pearson correlation r: 0.22–0.97), snowpack (r: 0.86–0.88), ETa (r: 0.41–0.97), and spatial variability of R (r: 0.81–0.90). Absolute... Categories: Publication; Types: Downloadable; Tags: Horn of Africa, VegET model, actual evapotranspiration, conterminous United States, drought, All tags... land surface phenology, runoff, snow melt, soil moisture, water budget, Fewer tags Downscaling global land-use/land-cover projections for use in region-level state-and-transition simulation modeling Global land-use/land-cover (LULC) change projections and historical datasets are typically available at coarse grid resolutions and are often incompatible with modeling applications at local to regional scales. The difficulty of downscaling and reapportioning global gridded LULC change projections to regional boundaries is a barrier to the use of these datasets in a state-and-transition simulation model (STSM) framework. Here we compare three downscaling techniques to transform gridded LULC transitions into spatial scales and thematic LULC classes appropriate for use in a regional STSM. For each downscaling approach, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Representative Concentration Pathway (RCP) LULC... Categories: Publication; Types: Journal Citation; Tags: Conterminous United States, Downscaling, Land use and Land cover, RCPs, Representative Concentration Pathways, All tags... Scenarios, Fewer tags Aquatic carbon cycling in the conterminous United States and implications for terrestrial carbon accounting Inland water ecosystems dynamically process, transport, and sequester carbon. However, the transport of carbon through aquatic environments has not been quantitatively integrated in the context of terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we present the first integrated assessment, to our knowledge, of freshwater carbon fluxes for the conterminous United States, where 106 (range: 71–149) teragrams of carbon per year (TgC⋅y−1) is exported downstream or emitted to the atmosphere and sedimentation stores 21 (range: 9–65) TgC⋅y−1 in lakes and reservoirs. We show that there is significant regional variation in aquatic carbon flux, but verify that emission across stream and river surfaces represents the dominant flux at 69 (range:... Categories: Publication; Types: Journal Citation; Tags: Aquatic carbon, Carbon flux, Conterminous United States, Inland waters, Terrestrial carbon Historical Stream Fish Distribution Database for the Conterminous United States (1950-1990): IchthyMaps Fish occurrence data to support high-resolution distribution models and test various community and macroecological hypotheses have not been available at the national scale. We present IchthyMaps, a database of high-quality historical fish occurrences covering fishes of the conterminous United States. Designed on the principles of metacommunity ecology, IchthyMaps is a compilation of presence records from atlases up to 1990, at the resolution of the 1:100,000 National Hydrography Database Plus (NHDPlus) inter-confluence stream segment, readily aggregated into hierarchically coarser units (e.g. hydrologic unit code 8-digit and 12-digit watersheds). IchthyMaps contains about 606,550 presence records for 1,038 species... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Alabama, Arizona, Arkansas, Biological Data, Biological sampling, All tags... California, Colorado, Connecticut, Conterminous United States, Deleware, District of Columbia, Ecological distribution, Florida, Freshwater fishes, Georgia, Historical data, Historical data, Idaho, Illinois, Indiana, Kansas, Kentucky, Lentic, Lotic, Louisiana, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, Montana, NFHP Cooperator, NHDPlusV2, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, NoVisual, North Carolina, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Oregon, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Spatial Data, Spatial distribution, Species presence, Species presence, Tennessee, Texas, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), United States, Utah, Vermont, Virginia, Washington, West Virginia, Wisconsin, Wyoming, Fewer tags Organic Carbon Burial in Lakes and Reservoirs of the Conterminous United States Organic carbon (OC) burial in lacustrine sediments represents an important sink in the global carbon cycle; however, large-scale OC burial rates are poorly constrained, primarily because of the sparseness of available data sets. Here we present an analysis of OC burial rates in water bodies of the conterminous U.S. (CONUS) that takes advantage of recently developed national-scale data sets on reservoir sedimentation rates, sediment OC concentrations, lake OC burial rates, and water body distributions. We relate these data to basin characteristics and land use in a geostatistical analysis to develop an empirical model of OC burial in water bodies of the CONUS. Our results indicate that CONUS water bodies sequester... Categories: Publication; Types: Journal Citation; Tags: Carbon flux, Conterminous United States, Lakes, Organic carbon burial, Reservoirs Terrestrial Carbon Sequestration in National Parks Lands managed by the National Park Service (NPS) provide a wide range of beneficial services to the American public. This study quantifies the ecosystem service value of carbon sequestration in terrestrial ecosystems within NPS units in the conterminous United States for which data were available. Combining annual net carbon balance data with spatially explicit NPS land unit boundaries and social cost of carbon estimates, this study calculates the net metric tons of carbon dioxide sequestered annually by park unit under baseline conditions, as well as the associated economic value to society. Results show that, in aggregate, NPS lands in the conterminous United States are a net carbon sink, sequestering more than... Categories: Publication; Types: Report; Tags: Carbon sequestration, Conterminous United States, National Parks, Terrestrial, Terrestrial carbon Forest fragmentation of the coterminous United States: assessing forest intactness through road density and spatial characteristics. Synopsis: This study attempts to build a forest fragmentation database for the conterminous United States by utilizing high-resolution NLCD data, roads, and a series of fragmentation indices that quantify forest landscape patterns. The paper outlines a methodology for assessing forest fragmentation and provides a comprehensive data set to be used as a base for further investigation at smaller scales. Conclusions: A forest fragmentation database for the conterminous United States was built to quantify forest landscape patterns nationwide. The paper outlines a methodology for assessing forest fragmentation and provides a comprehensive data set to be used as a base for further investigation at smaller scales. Thresholds/Learnings:... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Conterminous United States, Land use configuration, Landscape fragmentation, Natural cover amount, configuration, All tags... coterminous USA, forest, forest cover, forest fragmentation, fragmentation, fragmentation indices, meso-regional, national database, road density, Fewer tags Ecosystem carbon stocks and sequestration potential of federal lands across the conterminous United States Federal lands across the conterminous United States (CONUS) account for 23.5% of the CONUS terrestrial area but have received no systematic studies on their ecosystem carbon (C) dynamics and contribution to the national C budgets. The methodology for US Congress-mandated national biological C sequestration potential assessment was used to evaluate ecosystem C dynamics in CONUS federal lands at present and in the future under three Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Emission Scenarios (IPCC SRES) A1B, A2, and B1. The total ecosystem C stock was estimated as 11,613 Tg C in 2005 and projected to be 13,965 Tg C in 2050, an average increase of 19.4% from the baseline. The projected annual C sequestration... Categories: Publication; Types: Journal Citation; Tags: Biogeochemical modeling, Conterminous United States, Federal lands, Land use and land cover, Nonfederal lands, All tags... Terrestrial carbon, Fewer tags Projected carbon stocks in the conterminous USA with land use and variable fire regimes The dynamic global vegetation model (DGVM) MC2 was run over the conterminous USA at 30 arc sec (~800 m) to simulate the impacts of nine climate futures generated by 3GCMs (CSIRO, MIROC and CGCM3) using 3 emission scenarios (A2, A1B and B1) in the context of the LandCarbon national carbon sequestration assessment. It first simulated potential vegetation dynamics from coast to coast assuming no human impacts and naturally occurring wildfires. A moderate effect of increased atmospheric CO2 on water use efficiency and growth enhanced carbon sequestration but did not greatly influence woody encroachment. The wildfires maintained prairie-forest ecotones in the Great Plains. With simulated fire suppression, the number... Categories: Publication; Types: Journal Citation; Tags: Carbon stock, Conterminous United States, Fire, Fire regimes, Land use and Land cover