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The "MasterDB-csv-final2" dataset includes 548 laboratory measurements of sediment total mercury (STHg, nanograms per gram of soil, dry), bulk density (BD, grams per cm3 of soil, dry), percent of soil organic matter (%OM, loss on ignition, LOI), percent of soil organic carbon (%SOC, calculated using the Redfield's number), RHgC (Hg to carbon ratio), and age (YBP) from 13 permafrost cores collected from 2004 to 2012 in the interoir and northern slope of Alaska by trained personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program and the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colorado.
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site,surveys were performed...
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The 1966 polygons included in this data release represent the main body portion of the 37 named glaciers of Glacier National Park (GNP) and 2 named glaciers on the U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land. This is a subset of the original mapping effort derived from 1:24000 scale mapping of named glaciers and permanent snowfields within Glacier National Park, Montana which were digitized by Richard Menicke (Glacier National Park) and Carl Key (U.S. Geological Survey) in 1993. These data are based on USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle mapping published from 1966 through 1968 which were the result of the earliest park-wide aerial surveys of snow and ice features in GNP. Examination of the aerial photographs shows...
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site,surveys were performed...
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These polygon features represent the maximum extent of the 37 named glaciers in Glacier National Park and two glaciers on U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land during the peak of the Little Ice Age (mid-nineteenth century). Glacial margins are based on moraine deposits that result from active glaciation, and do not depict perennial snow and ice. Moraines were digitized based on WorldView imagery acquired on the following dates: 20141019, 20150822, 20150912, 20150925, 20160821, 20160915 (World View 01 and World View 03 satellites). High resolution imagery was supplemented with oblique aerial photographs flown in 2009 and 2016, historic photographs from the USGS photograph collection, and field notes...
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To determine minimum coverage of perennial snow and ice cover for Glacier National Park, the minimum extent of glaciers and multi-year snow features were digitized from satellite imagery (10-meter NAPP 2003, NAIP 2005, and NAIP 2013, and 30-cm resolution, multispectral, pansharpened Digital Globe WorldView satellite imagery collected in late summer and fall 2015). Features were digitized in ArcGIS version 10.2 using a Wacom Intuos 4 digitizing tablet. Snow and ice features were classified as glacier, large ice mass, or perennial snow/ice. Glaciers were based on current, named glaciers. Remnant ice features not large enough to be classified as glaciers, but showing evidence of crevasses, were classified as large...
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Starting in 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center in West Glacier, MT, in collaboration with the National Park Service, collected avalanche observations along the Going to the Sun Road during the spring road-clearing operations. The spring road-clearing along Going to the Sun Road utilized a team of avalanche specialists from the USGS and Glacier National Park to communicate the potential avalanche hazard to crews working to clear the road of snow in preparation for summer visitation. The operations typically begin around April 1st and continue through mid-June each year. The dataset includes all of the specific details collected for each avalanche occurrence and conforms...
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The dataset “Glacier_National_Park_alpine_stream_sampling_watersheds,_2011-2013.shp” is a GIS shapefile of the drainage areas of each of the 129 alpine and glacial aquatic macroinvertebrate collection sites included in an analysis to test the prediction that glacier retreat reduces biodiversity in mountain ecosystems through the loss of uniquely adapted meltwater stream species in Glacier National Park, USA. In conjunction with the dataset “Minimum snow and ice coverage for GNP, 2003-2015”, this dataset was used to calculate the proportion of contemporary ice and snow coverage for each watershed drainage area.
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Landsat Extended Acquisitions of the Poles (LEAP) imaging plan is a Landsat special request data collection program for Earth's polar regions that include Antarctica, Greenland, and Arctic sea ice geographies. The LEAP program includes Landsat 8 and Landsat 9 observatories that operationally acquire spaceborne images of all Earth's land surface and near-shore coastal environments. These images are acquired on a Worldwide Reference System-2, also called WRS-2. The WRS-2 is made up of paths and rows that define Landsat's imaged geography, and once acquired, are processed and discoverable in the U.S. Geological Survey's Landsat global data archive. The LEAP path-rows listed in the attached zipped data file represent...
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These polygon features represent a comprehensive inventory of perennial snow and ice on the landscape in Glacier National Park (GNP) in 2005. This dataset does not include the 2005 extent of the named glaciers in GNP, which have been previously published. Of the perennial snow and ice features delineated here, 1.68 km2 (15.08%) of the total area exhibits characteristics indicative of active glacial ice. The imagery used to delineate perennial snow and ice was taken late season, therefore, all snow and ice present on the landscape is assumed to be perennial. Polygons were digitized based on National Agricultural Imagery Program (NAIP) imagery acquired in 2005, imagery acquired by the National Park Service in 2004...
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site, surveys were performed...
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site, surveys were performed...
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The "published" dataset includes 11,000 published measurements of sediment total mercury (STHg, nanograms per gram of soil, dry), bulk density (BD, grams per cm3 of soil, dry), percent of soil organic matter (%OM, loss on ignition, LOI), percent of soil organic carbon (%SOC, calculated using the Redfield's number), RHgC (Hg to carbon ratio), and age (YBP) from 13 published studies conducted throughout the arctic and subarctic.
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site, surveys were performed...
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These polygon features represent the maximum extent of glaciers in Glacier National Park and two glaciers on U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land during the peak of the Little Ice Age (mid-nineteenth century). Glacial margins are based on moraine deposits that result from active glaciation, and do not depict perennial snow and ice. The criteria used for determining which moraines constituted a former glacier were a) whether a terminal moraine was present, and b) whether the glacier area was five aces or more. Moraines were digitized based on the best available imagery, including WorldView imagery acquired between 2015 and 2017, border Imagery from the Department of Homeland Security acquired in 2009...
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This data release consists of digitized glacier margins that represent the maximum extent of glaciers in Glacier National Park (GNP) and two glaciers on U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land during the peak of the Little Ice Age. Glacier margins are based on moraine deposits that result from active glaciation, and do not depict perennial snow and ice. Moraines are continuous arcuate rock deposits with distinct crests that form at the ice edge of active glaciers. The criteria used for identifying the former size and location of glaciers were a) the presence of a terminal moraine, b) the presence of one or both lateral moraines, and c) whether the identified glacier area was 0.020 km2 (five acres) or...
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This data release incorporates high-resolution geospatial and biological data and accompanies a peer-reviewed manuscript “Specialized meltwater biodiversity persists despite widespread deglaciation”. In this study, we tested the prediction that glacier retreat reduces biodiversity in mountain ecosystems through the loss of uniquely adapted meltwater stream species in Glacier National Park, USA. This dataset, “Glacier National Park alpine aquatic invertebrates, 2011-2013”, includes location and landscape data, as well as quantitative aquatic macroinvertebrate community data for 129 collection sites within Glacier National Park. Additionally, this dataset includes watershed drainage area, area of ice and perennial...
    map background search result map search result map 1966_Glacier margins derived from USGS 1966 topographic maps for the named glaciers of Glacier National Park, MT and environs Total mercury, bulk density, percent organic matter, and percent organic carbon measured in permafrost cores collected from 2004 through 2012 from the interior and northern slope of Alaska Summary of the 11,000 published soil BD, LOI, SOC%, Hg, and RHgC measurements from 13 studies (1978-2014) A comprehensive inventory of maximum glacial extent in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age A comprehensive inventory of maximum glacial extent in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age Maximum glacial extent of the named glaciers in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014 Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, ERT Data Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, ERT Data Inversions Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, Field Data Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, Survey Information A comprehensive inventory of perennial snow and ice in Glacier National Park in 2005 Glacier National Park alpine aquatic invertebrates, 2011-2013 Minimum snow and ice coverage for GNP, 2003-2015 Glacier National Park alpine stream sampling watersheds, 2011-2013 Avalanche occurrence records along the Going-to-the-Sun Road, Glacier National Park, Montana from 2003-2023 (ver. 3.0, July 2023) Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014 Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, ERT Data Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, ERT Data Inversions Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, Field Data Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, Survey Information Avalanche occurrence records along the Going-to-the-Sun Road, Glacier National Park, Montana from 2003-2023 (ver. 3.0, July 2023) 1966_Glacier margins derived from USGS 1966 topographic maps for the named glaciers of Glacier National Park, MT and environs Maximum glacial extent of the named glaciers in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age A comprehensive inventory of maximum glacial extent in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age Glacier National Park alpine stream sampling watersheds, 2011-2013 A comprehensive inventory of maximum glacial extent in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age A comprehensive inventory of perennial snow and ice in Glacier National Park in 2005 Glacier National Park alpine aquatic invertebrates, 2011-2013 Minimum snow and ice coverage for GNP, 2003-2015 Total mercury, bulk density, percent organic matter, and percent organic carbon measured in permafrost cores collected from 2004 through 2012 from the interior and northern slope of Alaska Summary of the 11,000 published soil BD, LOI, SOC%, Hg, and RHgC measurements from 13 studies (1978-2014)