Filters: Tags: Ecosystems (X)
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Advancing our mechanistic understanding of ecosystem responses to climate change is critical to improve ecological theories, develop predictive models to simulate ecosystem processes, and inform sound policies to manage ecosystems and human activities. Manipulation of temperature in the field, or the “ecosystem warming experiment,” has proved to be a powerful tool to understand ecosystem responses to changes in temperature. No comprehensive synthesis has been conducted since the last one more than 10 years ago. A new synthetic analysis is critically needed to advance our understanding of ecosystem responses to warming, to highlight experimental artifacts and appropriate interpretations, and to guide development...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Active,
All Working Groups,
Ecosystems,
Land Resources
Tropical forests contain > 50% of the world’s known species (Heywood 1995), 55% of global forest biomass (Pan et al. 2011), and exchange more carbon (C), water and energy with the atmosphere than any other ecosystem type (e.g., Saugier et al. 2001). Despite their importance, there is more uncertainty associated with predictions of how tropical forests will respond to warming than for any other biome (Randerson et al. 2009). This uncertainty is of global concern due to the large quantity of C cycled by these forests and the high potential for biodiversity loss. Given the importance of tropical forests, decision makers and land managers around the globe need increased predictive capacity regarding how tropical forests...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Active,
All Working Groups,
Climate,
Ecosystems,
Forests,
Global biodiversity is rapidly declining, threatening humans, ecosystems, and the services that society relies upon. Monitoring and understanding the extent of biodiversity declines can support policy decisions. Genetic diversity is the foundation of biodiversity, determining the capacity of populations to adapt to environmental changes and to sustain function and structure in all ecosystems. While the availability of genetic diversity data has exponentially increased in the past decade, genetic data have been poorly mobilized to understand biodiversity change at large scales; consequently, there is limited integration into management and policy. To solve this challenge, large-scale synthesis of genetic diversity...
This dataset contains measures of seasonal mean bird stopover densities and in seasonal mean bird density based on weather surveillance radar data from 20 radar locations in the Northeast U.S. across seven autumn migrations (15 August through 7 November of 2008-2014) [six autumn migrations for the terminal doppler weather radar (15 August through 7 November of 2009-2014)]. Data are present only in radar-sampled areas for each individual radar (see below for description on how these data are filtered). If you are interested in a continuous map of bird stopover densities for the entire region (and outside of these radar coverage areas), refer to layer “Predicted autumn migratory landbird density, 1km, Northeast U.S.”.The...
Categories: Data;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service;
Tags: Data,
LCC Network Science Catalog,
North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov,
biota,
birds,
Nutrient Reduction is an indicator of the Midwest Landscape Initiative’s (MLI) 2023 Midwest Conservation Blueprint. The Blueprint is a basemap of priority lands and waters for conservation across the Midwest consisting of over 20 social and environmental values representing diverse interests across society. This indicator was chosen as a targetable, important feature of the MLI goals that will be used to track conditions over time and prioritize areas for conservation. Indicators were defined through elicitation and prioritization exercises with federal and state participants. Criteria for the indicators includes 1) actionable, 2) measurable, 3) relevant to multiple groups across the region, and/or 4) representative...
Categories: Data;
Tags: ANTHROPOGENIC/HUMAN INFLUENCED ECOSYSTEMS,
ANTHROPOGENIC/HUMAN INFLUENCED ECOSYSTEMS,
BIOSPHERE,
BIOSPHERE,
Data,
The Highly Altered Areas Mask is an input of the Midwest Landscape Initiative’s (MLI) 2023 Midwest Conservation Blueprint. The Blueprint is a basemap of priority lands and waters for conservation across the Midwest consisting of over 20 social and environmental values representing diverse interests across society. For all of our input indicator layers, we use this mask to remove the most highly altered areas on the landscape from our datasets. These areas include the highest-intensity urban development, plus large roads. By removing these select areas, we help the prioritization algorithm of the Blueprint to de-prioritize pixels at the edges of the most altered areas, which in turn leads to more connected hubs in...
The SRLCC provided funds to the states of Arizona and New Mexico to support development of the states Crucial Habitat Assessment Tools (CHATs) which provide a decision support system to better incorporate wildlife values, sensitive animals and plants, and important ecosystem features into land use decision-making to reduce conflicts and surprises.Several states have released wildlife mapping tools that are the foundation for displaying crucial wildlife and corridor information. The state and regional CHATs are non-regulatory, and give project planners and the general public access to credible scientific data on a broad scale for use in project analysis, siting and planning. This includes large-scale development...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service,
ArcGIS Service Definition,
Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: AZ-01,
AZ-02,
AZ-03,
AZ-04,
AZ-05,
This dataset was last updated 02/2017. This version includes a new tidal restrictions metric that assesses the effect of undersized culverts and bridges on tidal regime.The previous version (3.1) was updated on 05/2016 by incorporating a revised version of the land cover classification, DSLland Version 3.1, developed by UMass, which included the addition of The Nature Conservancy’s Northeast lakes and ponds classification. This dataset depicts the ecological integrity of locations (represented by 30 m grid cells) throughout the northeastern United States based on environmental conditions existing in approximately 2010. Ecological integrity is defined as the ability of an area (e.g., local site or landscape) to...
Climate change may affect ecosystem functioning through increased temperatures or changes in precipitation patterns. Temperature and water availability are important drivers for ecosystem processes such as photosynthesis, carbon translocation, and organic matter decomposition. These climate changes may affect the supply of carbon and energy to the soil microbial population and subsequently alter decomposition and mineralization, important ecosystem processes in carbon and nutrient cycling. In this study, carried out within the cross-European research project CLIMOOR, the effect of climate change, resulting from imposed manipulations, on carbon dynamics in shrubland ecosystems was examined. We performed a 14C-labeling...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: 14C-pulse,
Calluna vulgaris,
Ecosystems,
Erica multiflora,
Springer New York,
Soils play a key role in the global cycling of carbon (C), storing organic C, and releasing CO2 to the atmosphere. Although a large number of studies have focused on the CO2 flux at the soil–air interface, relatively few studies have examined the rates of CO2 production in individual layers of a soil profile. Deeper soil horizons often have high concentrations of CO2 in the soil air, but the sources of this CO2 and the spatiotemporal dynamics of CO2 production throughout the soil profile are poorly understood. We studied CO2 dynamics in six soil profiles arrayed across a grassland hillslope in coastal southern California. Gas probes were installed in each profile and gas samples were collected weekly or biweekly...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: 14C,
CO2 flux,
Ecosystems,
Springer New York,
belowground processes,
This dataset was extracted from the terrestrial ecosystems of South America dataset. South America: This dataset represents Ecological System patches using various reference datasets. Original data generarated from 2000 era data, modeled in 2005 and updated in 2008 and 2010.Originally, this project developed a GIS modeling approach, using a variety of abiotic and biotic data sets, to produce a map of the distribution of Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) ecological systems throughout South America for use in ecoregional assessments. Ecological systems, defined as spatially co-occuring assemblages of vegetation types sharing a common underlying substrate, ecological process, or gradient, were identified for all...
Global demand for energy has increased by more than 50 percent in the last half-century, and a similar increase is projected by 2030. This demand will increasingly be met with alternative and unconventional energy sources. Development of these resources causes disturbances that strongly impact terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. The Marcellus Shale gas play covers more than 160,934 km(2) in an area that provides drinking water for over 22 million people in several of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States (e.g. New York City, Washington DC, Philadelphia & Pittsburgh). Here we created probability surfaces representing development potential of wind and shale gas for portions of six states in the Central...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Alternative energy,
Biology,
Computer science,
Conservation science,
Earth sciences,
This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of Offshore of Aptos map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as two separate grids depending on mapping system and processing method. This metadata file refers to the data included in "BackscatterB_EM300_OffshoreAptos.zip," which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7K35RQB. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Johnson, S.Y., Dartnell, P., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D, Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Hartwell, S.R., Ritchie, A.C., Kvitek, r.G., Maier, K.L., Endris, C.A., Davenport, C.W., Watt, J.T., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Krigsman, L.M., (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2016, California...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Acoustic Reflectivity,
Aptos,
Backscatter,
Bathymetry,
CMHRP,
This part of DS 781 presents data for the shaded-relief bathymetry map of Offshore Scott Creek, California. The raster data file is included in "BathymetryHS_OffshoreScottCreek.zip", which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CJ8BJW. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Dartnell, P., Johnson, S.Y., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Watt, J.T., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series--Offshore of Scott Creek, California: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 2015-1191, pamphlet...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Acoustic Reflectivity,
CMHRP,
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program,
Continental/Island Shelf,
Marine Nearshore Subtidal,
This part of DS 781 presents data for the acoustic-backscatter map of Offshore of Scott Creek map area, California. Backscatter data are provided as three separate grids depending on mapping system. The raster data files are included in "BackscatterC_SWATH_OffshoreScottCreek.zip," which is accessible from https://doi.org/10.5066/F7CJ8BJW. These data accompany the pamphlet and map sheets of Cochrane, G.R., Dartnell, P., Johnson, S.Y., Greene, H.G., Erdey, M.D., Dieter, B.E., Golden, N.E., Endris, C.A., Hartwell, S.R., Kvitek, R.G., Davenport, C.W., Watt, J.T., Krigsman, L.M., Ritchie, A.C., Sliter, R.W., Finlayson, D.P., and Maier, K.L. (G.R. Cochrane and S.A. Cochran, eds.), 2015, California State Waters Map Series--Offshore...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Acoustic Reflectivity,
Backscatter,
CMHRP,
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program,
Continental/Island Shelf,
We examined nest survival of Greater Sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; hereafter, sage-grouse) in relation to fine-scale habitat patterns that influenced nest site selection, using data from nests of telemetered females at 17 sites across 6 years in Nevada and northeastern California, USA. Importantly, sites spanned mesic and xeric average precipitation conditions and concomitant vegetation community structure across cold desert ecosystems of the North American Great Basin. Vegetative cover immediately surrounding sage-grouse nests was important for both nest site selection and nest survival, but responses varied between mesic and xeric sites. For example, while taller perennial grass was selected at xeric...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Ecology,
Nevada,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Wildlife Biology,
Amphibian populations are declining globally at unprecedented rates but statistically rigorous identification of mechanisms is lacking. Identification of reasons underlying large-scale declines is imperative to plan and implement effective conservation efforts. Most research on amphibian population decline has focused on local populations and local factors. However, the ubiquity of declines across species and landscapes suggests that causal factors at a broader scale are also important. Elucidation of the mechanisms driving population change has lagged, mainly because data have been unavailable at continental scales. We propose to address this need by assembling data to answer questions about broad-scale drivers...
Categories: Data,
Project;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
Raster;
Tags: Active,
All Working Groups,
Amphibians,
Ecosystems,
Land Resources,
Ecosystems are changing worldwide and critical decisions that affect ecosystem health and sustainability are being made every day. As ecologists, we have a responsibility to ensure that these decisions are made with access to the best available science. However, to bring this idea into practice, ecology needs to make a substantial leap forward towards becoming a more predictive science. Furthermore, even for basic, conceptual questions there is a lot to be gained by addressing problems from a forecasting perspective, with more frequent data-model comparisons helping to highlight misunderstandings and reframe long-standing questions. Ecological forecasting is occurring across a wide range of ecological sub-disciplines,...
Non-native insect invasions increasingly cause widespread ecological and economic damage in natural and agricultural ecosystems. Non-native insects specialized for feeding on specific plant groups are particularly problematic as they can potentially eliminate an entire genus of native plant species across a wide area. For example, emerald ash borer has killed hundreds of millions of ash trees in North America since its accidental introduction from Asia, including more than 99% of all trees in forests near the epicenter of the invasion. However, most introduced insects do not become high-impact pests. Our goal is to develop a framework that allows us to predict whether non-native herbivorous insects in natural ecosystems...
Migratory species may provide more ecosystem goods and services to humans in certain parts of their range than others. These areas may or may not coincide with the locations of habitat on which the species is most dependent for its continued population viability. This situation can present significant policy challenges, as locations that most support a given species may be in effect subsidizing the provision of services in other locations, often in different political jurisdictions. The ability to quantify these spatial subsidies could be used to develop economic incentives that internalize the costs and benefits of protecting migratory species, enhancing cross-jurisdictional cooperative management. Targeted payments...
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