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Data are time series of substrate grain size, remotely sensed water column turbidity, and measures of abundance (e.g., density, percent cover) of the nearshore subtidal (3-17 m depth) benthic community (vegetation, invertebrates, and fish) collected before (2008-2011) and during dam removal (2012-2014).
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This dataset summarizes various sedimentary data from ten U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) surface water sites across the contiguous United States. These sites include: 01648010 Rock Creek at Joyce Road, Washington, DC 05586300 Illinois River at Florence, Illinois 06731000 Cherry Creek below Cherry Creek Lake, Colorado 06807000 Missouri River at Nebraska City, Nebraska 06935965 Missouri River at St. Charles, Missouri 08374550 Rio Grande near Castolon, Texas 08375300 Rio Grande at Rio Grande Village, Big Bend National Park, Texas 09404200 Colorado River above Diamond Creek near Peach Springs, Arizona 11447650 Sacramento River at Freeport, California 12046260 Elwha River at diversion near Port Angeles, Washington The...
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Two dams on the Elwha River, Washington State, USA trapped over 20 million m3 of sediment, reducing downstream sediment fluxes and contributing to erosion of the river's coastal delta. The removal of the Elwha and Glines Canyon dams between 2011 and 2014 induced massive increases in river sediment supply and provided an unprecedented opportunity to examine the response of a delta system to changes in sediment supply. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) developed an integrated research program aimed at understanding the ecosystem responses following dam removal. The research program included repeated surveys of beach topography, nearshore bathymetry, and surface sediment grain size to quantify changes in delta morphology...
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This portion of the USGS data release presents topography data collected during surveys performed on the Elwha River delta, Washington, in May 2011 (USGS Field Activity Number W-04-11-PS). Topography data were collected on foot with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) equipment mounted on backpacks operating in Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) mode. A total of 3 GNSS backpacks, each equipped with a dual-frequency GNSS receiver and handheld data collector, were used during the survey. Differential corrections were transmitted at 1-Hz intervals by a VHF radio to the backpack GNSS receivers from a GNSS base station placed on a benchmark with known horizontal and vertical coordinates relative to the North American Datum...
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This part of the data release presents bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta collected in July 2016 using a kayak. The kayak was equipped with a single-beam echosounder and a survey-grade global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receiver.
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This portion of the USGS data release presents bathymetry data collected during surveys performed on the Elwha River delta, Washington in September 2010 (USGS Field Activity Number W-03-10-PS). Bathymetry data were collected using a small boat and a personal watercraft (PWC), each equipped with single-beam sonar systems and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. The sonar systems on the survey vessels consisted of an Odom Echotrac CV-100 single-beam echosounder and 200 kHz transducer with a 9° beam angle. Raw acoustic backscatter returns were digitized by the echosounder with a vertical resolution of 1.25 cm. Depths from the echosounders were computed using sound velocity profiles measured using a...
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We characterized seafloor sediment conditions near the mouth of the Elwha River from underwater photographs taken every four hours from September 2011 to December 2013. A digital camera was affixed to a tripod that was deployed in approximately 10 meters of water (Tripod location from September 2011 to April 2013: 48.15333, -123.55931; tripod location from April 2013 to December 2013: 48.15407, -123.55444). Each photograph was qualitatively characterized as one of six categories: (1) base, or no sediment; (2) low sediment; (3) medium sediment; (4) high sediment; (5) turbid; or (6) kelp. For base conditions, no sediment was present on the seafloor. Low sediment conditions were characterized by a light dusting of...
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This data release provides 15-minute data of suspended-sediment concentration and fine (less than 0.0625 mm) suspended-sediment concentration during the removal of 2 large dams on the Elwha River from September 2011 to September 2016. Data are derived from regression relations with turbidity at the USGS gaging station Elwha River at the Diversion (no.12046260).
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Streamgage levels on the Elwha River were measured from 2011 to 2016. These measurements show the height of the river's water surface, both in meters relative to the stream bed, as well as in meters relative to vertical geographic coordinates. Measurements were collected using a Global Water WL16 battery-operated vented water level logger in a hardened casing. The instrument was installed on October 17, 2011 on the left bank of the Elwha River at a power line crossing above the Elwha Surface Water Intake (at approximately river kilometer 5.6), which is downstream of the (now historical) Elwha Dam site. Data collection ended May 12, 2016. The data were collected as part of a study investigating responses of the Elwha...
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This dataset presents 28 georeferenced orthomosaic images of the middle and lower reaches of the Elwha River. Each mosaic image was created by stitching together thousands of individual photographs that were matched based on numerous unique tie points shared by the photographs. The individual photographs were taken by a plane-mounted camera during multiple flights over the study area spanning 2012 to 2017. Because each mosaic is orthogonal to the earth's surface and is georeferenced to real-world coordinates, changes to the river channel and surrounding morphology can be seen and measured, including channel width, river braiding, bar formation, and other metrics to assess responses of the river to the removal of...
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Digital elevation models (DEMs) of the lower Elwha River, Washington, were created by synthesizing lidar and PlaneCam Structure-from-Motion (SfM) data. Lidar and still digital photographs were collected by airplane during surveys from 2012 to 2016. The digital photographs were used to create a SfM digital surface model. Each DEM represents the ending conditions for that water year (for example, the 2013 DEM represents conditions at approximately September 30, 2013). The final DEMs, presented here, were created from the most recent lidar before September 30 of a given year, supplemented with an error-corrected SfM model from a low-flow summer Elwha PlaneCam flight as close to 30 September as possible. This synthetic...
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This portion of the USGS data release presents bathymetry data collected during surveys performed on the Elwha River delta, Washington in July 2015 (USGS Field Activity Number 2015-648-FA). Bathymetry data were collected using two personal watercraft (PWCs), each equipped with single-beam sonar systems and global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers. The PWC sonar systems consisted of an Odom Echotrac CV-100 single-beam echosounder and 200 kHz transducer with a 9° beam angle. Raw acoustic backscatter returns were digitized by the echosounder with a vertical resolution of 1.25 cm. Depths from the echosounders were computed using sound velocity profiles measured using a YSI CastAway CTD during the survey....
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This part of the data release presents topography data from the Elwha River delta collected in August 2022. Topography data were collected on foot with global navigation satellite system (GNSS) receivers mounted on backpacks.
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Removal of two large dams from the Elwha River, Washington USA, in 2011-2014 released ~20.5 metric tons (Mt) of impounded sediment, ~5.4 Mt of which was deposited in the river delta and estuary. This dataset presents measurements of geomorphic surfaces, vegetation colonization, and plant community development in the Elwha River delta and estuary after dam removal. Geomorphic surfaces and vegetation colonization were estimated from aerial imagery of the delta and estuary in 2016 and 2018. Plant community development was quantified from field plot surveys of pioneer plant communities on new surfaces in 2014 and 2018 and of established delta and estuarine plant communities on older surfaces in 2007, 2014, and 2018....
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This portion of the data release presents fish abundance data from samples collected in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2006, 2007, 2013, and 2014 (no associated USGS Field Activities numbers because data were collected predominantly by biologists from the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe). We used the Puget Sound beach seining protocol (Simenstad and others, 1991) to sample fish populations in the Elwha River estuary complex. The beach seine was 38 m long x 2 m deep, with a 2 m x 2 m bag in the center of the net; mesh size was 3.18 mm, 6.35 mm, and 31.75 mm, for the bag, center panel, and wings, respectively. The seine net was deployed from bank to bank by a small skiff and then pulled on shore. The number of...
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This portion of the data release presents terrestrial invertebrate abundance data from samples collected in emergent and shrub vegetation along the edge of the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2007 and 2013 (no associated USGS Field Activities numbers because data were collected predominantly by biologists from the Lower Elwha Klallam Tribe). We deployed terrestrial insect fallout traps at ten locations in the east estuary, five replicates each in shrub and emergent (littoral) vegetation habitats. Clear, rectangular traps (2,400 cm2 in 2007 and 3,526 cm2 in 2013) were filled with 5 cm of filtered soapy water and deployed for 72 hours. Invertebrate counts from 2013 were standardized to the 2007 bin size to account...
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We collected environmental DNA (eDNA) data from the Elwha River, home to the world’s largest dam removal project, to track the spatial and temporal patterns of species responses following dam removal. In total, we collected data for 11 different fish taxa, sampled at 25 sites ranging across 56 river kilometers in a wilderness river for 4 years following dam removal. We show that eDNA can effectively be used to determine whether fish have recolonized past former dams, and in some cases determine the spatial extent of that recolonization.
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This portion of the USGS data release presents sediment grain-size data from on the Elwha River delta, Washington in July and August, 2015 (USGS Field Activities 2015-648-FA and 2015-652-FA). Bed sediment was sampled using a small ponar, or 'grab', sampler on July 28, 2016 from the R/V Frontier at a total of 70 locations in water depths between approximately 1 and 17 m around the delta. An additional 17 samples were obtained by SCUBA divers between July 22 and August 23, 2015 using a 15 cm diameter push corer inserted into the seabed as far as possible to a maximum depth of 15 cm. Forty-eight samples were collected at low tide at intertidal locations on the delta. The locations of grab samples and intertidal samples...
map background search result map search result map Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2015 Surface-sediment grain-size distributions from the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2015 Bathymetry and topography data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, May 2011 Topography data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, May 2011 Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, September 2010 Fish abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, from 2006 to 2014 Terrestrial invertebrate abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2007 and 2013. Vegetation habitat units derived from 2014 aerial imagery and field data for the Elwha River estuary, Washington Characterization of seafloor photographs near the mouth of the Elwha River during the first two years of dam removal (2011-2013) Digital elevation models (DEMs) of the lower Elwha River, Washington, water year 2013 to 2016 Orthomosaic images of the middle and lower Elwha River, Washington, 2012 to 2017 Data collected in 2008-2014 to assess nearshore subtidal community responses to increased sediment load during removal of the Elwha River dams, Washington State, USA Streamgage measurements, Elwha River, Washington, 2011 to 2016 Suspended sediment concentration data in the Elwha River, Washington, September 2011 to September 2016 Environmental DNA (eDNA) is an Effective Tool to Track Recolonizing Migratory Fish Following Large-Scale Dam Removal, field data Data for Field Evaluation of the Sequoia Scientific LISST-ABS Acoustic Backscatter Sediment Sensor Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, January 2015, collected from personal watercraft Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2016, collected from kayak Topography data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, August 2022 Vegetation and geomorphic surfaces in the Elwha River delta, Washington, after dam removal, derived from 2016 and 2018 aerial imagery and 2007, 2014, and 2018 field surveys Terrestrial invertebrate abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, in 2007 and 2013. Characterization of seafloor photographs near the mouth of the Elwha River during the first two years of dam removal (2011-2013) Bathymetry and topography data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, May 2011 Fish abundance in the Elwha River estuary, Washington, from 2006 to 2014 Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2016, collected from kayak Vegetation habitat units derived from 2014 aerial imagery and field data for the Elwha River estuary, Washington Vegetation and geomorphic surfaces in the Elwha River delta, Washington, after dam removal, derived from 2016 and 2018 aerial imagery and 2007, 2014, and 2018 field surveys Topography data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, May 2011 Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, September 2010 Orthomosaic images of the middle and lower Elwha River, Washington, 2012 to 2017 Nearshore bathymetry data from the Elwha River delta, Washington, January 2015, collected from personal watercraft Data collected in 2008-2014 to assess nearshore subtidal community responses to increased sediment load during removal of the Elwha River dams, Washington State, USA Environmental DNA (eDNA) is an Effective Tool to Track Recolonizing Migratory Fish Following Large-Scale Dam Removal, field data Data for Field Evaluation of the Sequoia Scientific LISST-ABS Acoustic Backscatter Sediment Sensor