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Energy for a sustainable world: From the oil age to a sun-powered future Studies conducted since the late 1970s have estimated the net energy value (NEV) of corn ethanol. However, variations in data and assumptions used among the studies have resulted in a wide range of estimates. This study identifies the factors causing this wide variation and develops a more consistent estimate. We conclude that the NEV of corn ethanol has been rising over time due to technological advances in ethanol conversion and increased efficiency in farm production. We show that corn ethanol is energy efficient as indicated by an energy output:input ratio of 1.34. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Energy, age, future, oil, solar, All tags... solar power, sustainable, world, Fewer tags The future challenges for “clean coal technologies”: Joining efficiency increase and pollutant emission control There are unconventional fuels that may serve as near term major replacements for conventional mineral oil and natural gas. These include fuels from oil shale and bitumen, liquid fuels from coal, methane from methane hydrates, biofuels and the secondary fuel hydrogen. Here, these fuels will be reviewed as to their presumable stocks and life cycle wastes, emissions and inputs of natural resources. The unconventional fuels are usually characterized by a relatively poor source-to-burner energy efficiency when compared with current conventional mineral oil and gas. Apart from some varieties of hydrogen and biofuel, their life cycles are characterized by relatively large water inputs, emissions, and wastes. The unconventional... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Fuels, Natural gas, Oil shale, Sustainability, Unconventional fuels, All tags... future, hydrogen, life cycle, mineral oil, stock, waste, Fewer tags Climate Response for Eastern Meadowlark, 2080, CT River Watershed This dataset is a component of a complete package of products from the Connect the Connecticut project. Connect the Connecticut is a collaborative effort to identify shared priorities for conserving the Connecticut River Watershed for future generations, considering the value of fish and wildlife species and the natural ecosystems they inhabit. Click here to download the full data package, including all documentation.This dataset represents the climate response index for Eastern Meadowlark. Climate response is one of several different measures of landscape capability that reflect different decisions (or assumptions) regarding how to incorporate current versus future land use and climate changes. The climate response... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Data, LCC Network Science Catalog, North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov, change, change, All tags... classification, classification, climate, climate, completed, connect, connect, connecticut, connecticut, ct, ct, design, design, dsl, dsl, ecological, ecological, future, future, habitat, habitat, landscape, landscape, species, species, systems, systems, wildlife, wildlife, Fewer tags Climate Response for Moose, 2080, CT River Watershed This dataset is a component of a complete package of products from the Connect the Connecticut project. Connect the Connecticut is a collaborative effort to identify shared priorities for conserving the Connecticut River Watershed for future generations, considering the value of fish and wildlife species and the natural ecosystems they inhabit. Click here to download the full data package, including all documentation.This dataset represents the climate response index for Moose. Climate response is one of several different measures of landscape capability that reflect different decisions (or assumptions) regarding how to incorporate current versus future land use and climate changes. The climate response index is... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Data, LCC Network Science Catalog, North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov, change, change, All tags... classification, classification, climate, climate, completed, connect, connect, connecticut, connecticut, ct, ct, design, design, dsl, dsl, ecological, ecological, future, future, habitat, habitat, landscape, landscape, species, species, systems, systems, wildlife, wildlife, Fewer tags Land application of hydrofracturing fluids damages a deciduous forest stand in West Virginia In June 2008, 303,000 L of hydrofracturing fl uid from a natural gas well were applied to a 0.20-ha area of mixed hardwood forest on the Fernow Experimental Forest, West Virginia. During application, severe damage and mortality of ground vegetation was observed, followed about 10 d later by premature leaf drop by the overstory trees. Two years after fl uid application, 56% of the trees within the fl uid application area were dead. Fagus grandifolia Ehrh. was the tree species with the highest mortality, and Acer rubrum L. was the least aff ected, although all tree species present on the site showed damage symptoms and mortality. Surface soils (0–10 cm) were sampled in July and October 2008, June and October 2009,... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: analysis, assessment, biomass, emergy, future, All tags... resources, review, sustainable, Fewer tags Life cycle impacts of waste wood biomass heating systems: A case study of three UK based systems The increased urgency of dealing with mitigation of the looming climate change has sparked renewed interest in the nuclear energy option. There exists a substantial stream of research on the amount of embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with nuclear generated electricity. While conventional fossil fuelled power plants cause emissions almost exclusively from the plant site, the majority of greenhouse gas emissions in the nuclear fuel cycle are caused in processing stages upstream and downstream from the plant. This paper distils the findings from a comprehensive literature review of energy and greenhouse gas emissions in the nuclear fuel cycle and determines some of the causes for the widely varying... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Current, Life cycle, Solar power, costs, electricity, All tags... future, impacts, outlook, photovoltaic, solar, state of the art, systems, Fewer tags Toward an energy surety future Because of the inevitable depletion of fossil fuels and the corresponding release of carbon to the environment, the global energy future is complex. Some of the consequences may be politically and economically disruptive, and expensive to remedy. For the next several centuries, fuel requirements will increase with population, land use, and ecosystem degradation. Current or projected levels of aggregated energy resource use will not sustain civilization as we know it beyond a few more generations. At the same time, issues of energy security, reliability, sustainability, recoverability, and safety need attention. We supply a top-down, qualitative model—the surety model—to balance expenditures of limited resources... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: carbon, energy, energy security, environment, fossil fuels, All tags... future, Fewer tags Climate Response for Prairie Warbler, 2080, CT River Watershed This dataset is a component of a complete package of products from the Connect the Connecticut project. Connect the Connecticut is a collaborative effort to identify shared priorities for conserving the Connecticut River Watershed for future generations, considering the value of fish and wildlife species and the natural ecosystems they inhabit. Click here to download the full data package, including all documentation. This dataset represents the climate response index for Prairie Warbler. Climate response is one of several different measures of landscape capability that reflect different decisions (or assumptions) regarding how to incorporate current versus future land use and climate changes. The climate response... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Data, LCC Network Science Catalog, North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov, change, change, All tags... classification, classification, climate, climate, completed, connect, connect, connecticut, connecticut, ct, ct, design, design, dsl, dsl, ecological, ecological, future, future, habitat, habitat, landscape, landscape, species, species, systems, systems, wildlife, wildlife, Fewer tags Climate Response for Blackpoll Warbler, 2080, CT River Watershed This dataset is a component of a complete package of products from the Connect the Connecticut project. Connect the Connecticut is a collaborative effort to identify shared priorities for conserving the Connecticut River Watershed for future generations, considering the value of fish and wildlife species and the natural ecosystems they inhabit. Click here to download the full data package, including all documentation. This dataset represents the climate response index for Blackpoll Warbler. Climate response is one of several different measures of landscape capability that reflect different decisions (or assumptions) regarding how to incorporate current versus future land use and climate changes. The climate response... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Data, LCC Network Science Catalog, North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov, change, change, All tags... classification, classification, climate, climate, completed, connect, connect, connecticut, connecticut, ct, ct, design, design, dsl, dsl, ecological, ecological, future, future, habitat, habitat, landscape, landscape, species, species, systems, systems, wildlife, wildlife, Fewer tags Eating energy — Identifying possibilities for reduced energy use in the future food supply system This paper proposes a regional and sectoral model of global final energy demand. For the main end-use sectors of consumption (industrial, commercial and public services, residential and road transportation), per-capita demand is expressed as an S-shaped function of per-capita income. Other variables intervene as well, like energy prices, temperatures and technological trends. This model is applied on a panel of 101 countries and 3 aggregates (covering the whole world) and it explains fairly well past variations in sectoral, final consumption since the beginning of the 2000s. Further, the model is used to analyze the dynamics of final energy demand, by sector and in total. The main conclusion concerns the pattern... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Eating, energy, food, future, possibility, All tags... supply, system, use, Fewer tags Fuel saving, carbon dioxide emission avoidance, and syngas production by tri-reforming of flue gases from coal- and gas-fired power stations, and by the carbothermic reduction of iron oxide Community energy initiatives offer a potentially important means for reshaping the electrical system in a manner compatible with emissions reduction goals. Many such initiatives, however, focus upon top-down, institutionally structured approaches that understand community residents as atomistic, economically motivated, and minimally engaged. This paper examines a number of case studies that are based upon a bottom-up approach rooted in a civic culture that seeks to maximize the capacities of an active and engaged citizenry. The paper focuses upon two mutually dependent issues: first, recruiting community members, and second, sustaining their participation. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Fuel cell, Status, future, prospects, technology King coal vs. reclamation: Federal regulation of mountaintop removal mining in Appalachia Biofuels world production has increased sharply in recent years. Oil reserves depletion, the oil high price and the confidence in biofuels “carbon neutrality” are the main causes of this phenomenon. However, claims related to the negative consequences of biofuel programs are frequent; mainly those related to the biofuels/food competition and sustainability. This paper aims to contribute for the development of a framework for sustainability indicators as a tool for performance assessment. The most used indicators to measure the biofuels sustainability are: Life Cycle Energy Balance (LCEB), quantity of fossil energy substituted per hectare, co-product energy allocation, life cycle carbon balance and changes in soil... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: analysis, assessment, biomass, emergy, future, All tags... resources, review, sustainable, Fewer tags Life cycle impacts and costs of photovoltaic systems: Current state of the art and future outlooks The increased urgency of dealing with mitigation of the looming climate change has sparked renewed interest in the nuclear energy option. There exists a substantial stream of research on the amount of embodied energy and greenhouse gas emissions associated with nuclear generated electricity. While conventional fossil fuelled power plants cause emissions almost exclusively from the plant site, the majority of greenhouse gas emissions in the nuclear fuel cycle are caused in processing stages upstream and downstream from the plant. This paper distils the findings from a comprehensive literature review of energy and greenhouse gas emissions in the nuclear fuel cycle and determines some of the causes for the widely varying... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Current, Life cycle, Solar power, costs, electricity, All tags... future, impacts, outlook, photovoltaic, solar, state of the art, systems, Fewer tags Scenario analysis on alternative fuel/vehicle for China’s future road transport: Life-cycle energy demand and GHG emissions Goodstein identified and discussed a "Saturday effect" in data on the timing of tanker oil spills. This comment describes two ways in which the validity of the statistical analysis used to identify and confirm this effect can be strengthened. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: China, Greenhouse gas, Life-cycle, Scenario analysis, alternative, All tags... demand, emissions, energy, fuel, future, road, transport, vehicle, Fewer tags Climate Response for Northern Waterthrush, 2080, CT River Watershed This dataset is a component of a complete package of products from the Connect the Connecticut project. Connect the Connecticut is a collaborative effort to identify shared priorities for conserving the Connecticut River Watershed for future generations, considering the value of fish and wildlife species and the natural ecosystems they inhabit. Click here to download the full data package, including all documentation.This dataset represents the climate response index for Northern Waterthrush. Climate response is one of several different measures of landscape capability that reflect different decisions (or assumptions) regarding how to incorporate current versus future land use and climate changes. The climate response... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Data, LCC Network Science Catalog, North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov, change, change, All tags... classification, classification, climate, climate, completed, connect, connect, connecticut, connecticut, ct, ct, design, design, dsl, dsl, ecological, ecological, future, future, habitat, habitat, landscape, landscape, species, species, systems, systems, wildlife, wildlife, Fewer tags Fuel cell technology: Status and future prospects Community energy initiatives offer a potentially important means for reshaping the electrical system in a manner compatible with emissions reduction goals. Many such initiatives, however, focus upon top-down, institutionally structured approaches that understand community residents as atomistic, economically motivated, and minimally engaged. This paper examines a number of case studies that are based upon a bottom-up approach rooted in a civic culture that seeks to maximize the capacities of an active and engaged citizenry. The paper focuses upon two mutually dependent issues: first, recruiting community members, and second, sustaining their participation. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Fuel cell, Status, future, prospects, technology Building safe communities: Pipeline risk and its application to local development decisions We examined bird and bat mortality at a new 89-turbine windfarm constructed in an environmentally sensitive area in north-central Iowa. The windfarm became operational in November 2001. It is located in cropland between three Wildlife Management Areas (WMA's) with historically high bird use. In the past, migrant and resident waterfowl, shorebirds, raptors, and songbirds moved between the WMA's through the area now occupied by the windfarm. Studies of bird collision mortality in California and elsewhere raised concerns about the possibility of mortalities in this area. From April 15, 2003 and December 15, 2003 we searched for dead animals under 26 randomly selected turbines. Six 76.2 m by 3.0 m transects were maintained... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Building, energy, future, sustainable Hydrogen transportation systems: Elements of risk analysis The cleanliness of hydrogen and the efficiency of fuel cells taken together offer an appealing alternative to fossil fuels. Implementing hydrogen-powered fuel cells on a significant scale, however, requires major advances in hydrogen production, storage, and use. Splitting water renewably offers the most plentiful and climate-friendly source of hydrogen and can be achieved through electrolytic, photochemical, or biological means. Whereas presently available hydride compounds cannot easily satisfy the competing requirements for on-board storage of hydrogen for transportation, nanoscience offers promising new approaches to this challenge. Fuel cells offer potentially efficient production of electricity for transportation... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Hydrogen, energy, fuel cells, future, sustainable US Focus Can NRDAs take the environment back to the future? Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Focus, NRDA's, U.S., environment, future Climate Response for American Woodcock, 2080, CT River Watershed This dataset is a component of a complete package of products from the Connect the Connecticut project. Connect the Connecticut is a collaborative effort to identify shared priorities for conserving the Connecticut River Watershed for future generations, considering the value of fish and wildlife species and the natural ecosystems they inhabit. Click here to download the full data package, including all documentation. This dataset represents the climate response index for American Woodcock. Climate response is one of several different measures of landscape capability that reflect different decisions (or assumptions) regarding how to incorporate current versus future land use and climate changes. The climate response... Categories: Data; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Data, LCC Network Science Catalog, North Atlantic Landscape Conservation Cooperative Data.gov, change, change, All tags... classification, classification, climate, climate, completed, connect, connect, connecticut, connecticut, ct, ct, design, design, dsl, dsl, ecological, ecological, future, future, habitat, habitat, landscape, landscape, species, species, systems, systems, wildlife, wildlife, Fewer tags 1 2 3 4 »