Filters: Tags: GREENHOUSE gases (X)
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This dataset includes the following measurements made over a xeric tall grass prairie in the southwest portion of Rocky Flats National Wildlife Refuge in 2011 and 2012: 1) half hourly eddy covariance measurements of latent heat flux (evapotranspiration) and fluxes of carbon dioxide and sensible heat, and friction velocity (U star) 2) half hour averages of solar and net radiation; photosynthetically active radiation; air temperature and humidity; soil temperature, moisture, and heat flux; wind speed and direction; and half hour sums of precipitation. 3) approximately weekly measurements of vegetation including leaf area index, height of vegetation, dry and wet weights
This article describes the development of an energy accounting. This is a management tool to give farmers a clear understanding of their energy use and of the emission of greenhouse gases on their farm. Results are given of one year accounting on dairy farms and on pig farms. The results show large differences in energy use and in emissions of greenhouse gases between individual farms. These differences indicate that a substantial reduction of emission of greenhouse gasses is possible.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Energy,
accounting,
emissions,
farms,
greenhouse gases,
Projections are important tools for long-term planning and policy settings. Renewable energy sources that use indigenous resources have the potential to provide energy services with zero or almost zero emissions of both air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Currently, renewable energy sources supply 14% of the total world energy demand. Renewable energy is a promising alternative solution because it is clean and environmentally safe. Approximately half of the global energy supply will be from renewables in 2040. Photovoltaic systems and wind energy will be able to play an important role in the energy scenarios of the future. The most significant developments in renewable energy production are observed in photovoltaics...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: AIR pollution,
ENVIRONMENTAL protection,
GREENHOUSE gases,
PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation,
POWER resources,
Although various studies have shown that corn ethanol reduces greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by displacing fossil fuel use, many of these studies fail to include how land-use history affects the net carbon balance through changes in soil carbon content. We evaluated the effectiveness and economic value of corn and cellulosic ethanol production for reducing net GHG emissions when produced on lands with different land-use histories, comparing these strategies with reductions achieved by set-aside programs such as the Conservation Reserve Program (CRP). Depending on prior land use, our analysis shows that C releases from the soil after planting corn for ethanol may in some cases completely offset C gains attributed...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: CO2,
CRP,
Conservation Reserve Program,
biofuel,
corn ethanol,
In recent decades the encroachment of woody mangrove species into herbaceous marshes has been documented along the U.S. northern Gulf of Mexico coast. These species shifts have been attributed primarily to rising sea levels and warming winter temperatures, but the role of elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) and water availability may become more prominent drivers of species interactions under future climate conditions. In this greenhouse study we examined the effects of CO2 concentration (ambient, elevated) and water regime (drought, saturated, flooded) on early growth of the mangrove species Avicennia germinans and Spartina alterniflora, a herbaceous grass.
This dataset includes ten years of emissions and sequestration estimates (2005-2014) in two separate tables, 1) the combustion and extraction of fossil fuels on Federal lands and 2) processes from the ecosystems on those Federal lands. The fossil fuel related estimates include the greenhouse gases carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O), and the ecosystems estimates include only CO2. The results are presented by State and year, including the Pacific and Gulf offshore areas in the fossil fuel associated estimates. In addition to total emissions, the estimates are broken into categories by the sector of the economy where the combustion or extraction related emissions occurred or the biologic process...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Climatology,
Energy Resources,
Environmental Health,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
United States of America,
Environmental awareness and concern is increasing, moving to the top of the political agenda. It is a major factor that will have significant implications for all operations of the oil industry. This paper discusses the impact on the oil industry of global warming, as a result of the increase in greenhouse gases, and the potential policies/strategies to limit CO2, through energy efficiency measures, fuel switching, risk reduction and environmental legislation.
If the industrialized countries take steps to reduce their emissions and contribute money and technology for developing countries to do their part, China will participate in an international global warming treaty. Without these measures, the Chinese are not going to push greenhouse gas reductions on their own because they have more pressing problems. If the world wants them to move on greenhouse gas reduction, the relative incentives to the Chinese have to change in their favour, especially in light of the fact that they have not used up their share of the global commons.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Carbon intensity,
Fuel economy,
Greenhouse gases,
Low carbon fuels,
Transportation fuels
This dataset contains measurements of dissolved hydrocarbons in from groundwater samples collected in the shale gas producing regions of West Virginia, USA, between June and August of 2018. The target analytes in this study were: methane (CH4), ethane (C2H6), ethene (C2H4), ethyne (C2H2), propane (C3H8), propene (C3H6), i-butane (C4H10), n-butane (C4H10), 1-butene (C4H8), propyne (C3H4), i-pentane (C5H12), n-pentane (C5H12), 2-methyl-pentane (C6H14), 3-methyl-pentane (C6H14), hexane (C6H14), and benzene (C6H6). This dataset also contains corresponding measurements of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), Sulfurhexafluoride (SF6), dissolved permanent gases (N2/Ar), tritium, the isotope ratio of helium dissolved in water, the...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Energy Resources,
Environmental Health,
Geochemistry,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
USGS-EMA-LOW-SS Oil and gas,
This dataset supports a published study on the effects of permafrost thaw on greenhouse gas fluxes and microbial activities at the Alaska Peatland Experiment (APEX), part of the Bonanza Creek LTER, in interior Alaska. The dataset includes autochamber CO2 and CH4 fluxes, net ecosystem exchange, ecosystem respiration, soil temperatures, climate data, microbial qPCR data, soil physical chemistry, soil extract chemistry, and rates of microbial activities, both from lab incubations, and rates derived from an isotope based process model.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Alaska,
Bonanza Creek Experimental Forest,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
alaska,
biota,
A Coupled Hydrosphere Atmosphere Research Model was developed that predicted vertical water temperature profiles, ice cover, and precipitation within 40-km grids and lake levels for Lakes Huron between 2058 and 2066. In this data set, daily predicted water temperature profiles are summarized for four regions in Lake Huron (north: North of 45 degrees N; central: between 43 degrees 55 minutes N and 45 degrees N; south: south of 43 degrees 55 minutes N; south-shallow: only areas less than <40 m bottom depth and south of 43 degrees 55 minutes N). Model output was driven by the Canadian CRCM3 GCM and assumed SRES A2 scenario greenhouse gas concentrations.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Climate change,
Fish,
Greenhouse gases,
Inland fisheries,
Lake Huron, USA and Canada,
Data on diurnal variation in wetland methane flux were collected to 1) improve understanding of short-term, mechanistic drivers of methane flux, and 2) inform sampling protocols to achieve research objectives. An automated gas flux sampling system was used to measure methane flux every 2.5–4 hours for over 230 diel cycles over the course of three growing seasons (2013–2015). Data were collected from a seasonal, depressional wetland located in the Prairie Pothole Region of central North America. These data directly support the associated publication “Diurnal patterns of methane flux from a depressional, seasonal wetland: mechanisms and methodology” which is referenced within the Metadata.
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: North Dakota,
Prairie Pothole Region,
Stutsman County,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
United States of America,
Soil gas methane and combustible gas concentrations collected from oil and gas well pad locations in Utah. Soil gas samples were measured on site and/or collected for later analysis as described in supporting documentation. Multiple sample locations around well head and depths within the soil profile are available for select sites. Supporting documents provide information of sample collection protocol and data quality assurance.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Big Flat,
Big Indian North,
Big Indian South,
Big Valley,
Bluebell,
Civilization’s advances during the twentieth century are closely bound with an unprecedented rise of energy consumption in general, and of hydrocarbons and electricity in particular. Substantial improvements of all key nineteenth-century energy techniques and introduction of new extraction and transportation means and new prime movers resulted in widespread diffusion of labor-saving and comfort-providing conversions and in substantially declining energy prices. Although modern societies could not exist without large and incessant flows of energy, there are no simple linear relationships between the inputs of fossil fuels and electricity and a nation’s economic performance and social accomplishments. International...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Energy intensity,
case study,
continuous,
energy,
footprint,
Civilization’s advances during the twentieth century are closely bound with an unprecedented rise of energy consumption in general, and of hydrocarbons and electricity in particular. Substantial improvements of all key nineteenth-century energy techniques and introduction of new extraction and transportation means and new prime movers resulted in widespread diffusion of labor-saving and comfort-providing conversions and in substantially declining energy prices. Although modern societies could not exist without large and incessant flows of energy, there are no simple linear relationships between the inputs of fossil fuels and electricity and a nation’s economic performance and social accomplishments. International...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Energy intensity,
case study,
continuous,
energy,
footprint,
Projections are important tools for long-term planning and policy settings. Renewable energy sources that use indigenous resources have the potential to provide energy services with zero or almost zero emissions of both air pollutants and greenhouse gases. Currently, renewable energy sources supply 14% of the total world energy demand. Renewable energy is a promising alternative solution because it is clean and environmentally safe. Approximately half of the global energy supply will be from renewables in 2040. Photovoltaic systems and wind energy will be able to play an important role in the energy scenarios of the future. The most significant developments in renewable energy production are observed in photovoltaics...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: AIR pollution,
ENVIRONMENTAL protection,
GREENHOUSE gases,
PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation,
POWER resources,
This dataset includes the following measurements made over a managed lawn at Fort Logan Cemetery in Denver Colorado in 2011 and 2012. (No measurements were made in winter months: December, January, February). 1) half hourly eddy covariance measurements of evapotranspiration and fluxes of carbon dioxide and sensible heat 2) half hour averages of solar and net radiation, air temperature and humidity, soil temperature, moisture, and heat flux, and half hour sums of precipitation. 3) approximately weekly measurements of vegetation: leaf area index, height of vegetation, dry and wet weights
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Fort Logan National Cemetery,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
evaporation,
greenhouse gases,
land use and land cover,
This project seeks to quantify, predict, and project the relative role of plant physiology, among other ecosystem drivers, on carbon, nutrient, and trace-metal biogeochemistry. Approaches span landscape-to-molecular scales as necessary to understand how human and stochastic alterations of wetland structure influence wetland function. Research sites represent a wide range of salinity and management conditions, from rice agriculture to coastal and restored wetlands. Primary goals include evaluating management and modeling approaches to quantify wetland carbon sequestration, greenhouse gas budgets and/or mercury methylation and export.
Categories: Project;
Tags: Biogeochemistry,
Carbon Cycling and Sequestration,
Climate Change,
Contaminants,
Ecology,
Determine source and sink strengths and environmental controls of greenhouse gases at the Earth’s surface and the role of management in modulating the exchange near the surface. Evaluate the role of land use and climate change on evapotranspiration rates over various land surfaces toward regional assessments with the aid of models and remote sensing.
This data release contains model inputs used to estimate surface water greenhouse gas fluxes from two large arid reservoirs, Lake Powell and Lake Mead. The release also contains empirical, spatially explicit water quality and greenhouse gas data from a single field survey conducted in Lake Powell in July of 2017. Finally, this release contains surface area estimates of shallow (< 15m) tributary regions of Lake Powell under different water level scenarios.
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