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Two grasses, Agropyron smithii and A. inerme , were planted in a seed mixture with Ceratoides lanata in 1977 on two soil disturbances. These grasses were selected to test their responses to the presence of C. lanata . Biomass of leaf, stem, crown and roots were measured for each grass alone, with other plants of the same species, and with C. lanata as nearest neighbor. Total non-structural carbohydrates were determined for all biomass samples. A. smithii produced the lowest amounts of stem and root biomass when grown in close association with another A. smithii plant. In contrast, this species produced the most shallow-root (0-20 cm) biomass when closely associated with C. lanata. A. inerme leaf biomass was lowest...
Seasonal dynamics of arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) colonization of Sporobolus wrightii and AM fungal communities were assessed at four riparian sites in south-east Arizona which represented upper terrace or lower floodplain habitats and perennial or intermittent river reaches. Colonization was co-ordinated with growth/reproductive stages of plants at three sites with higher levels from February to May when plants were primarily vegetative and lower levels in September and December during seed set and onset of dormancy. Fifteen species of AM fungi were associated with S. wrightii, includingGlomus , Acaulospora, Paraglomus and Archaeospora species. Species richness ranged from 9 to 13 AM fungal species per site. Published...
A potentially important organizing principle in arid and semi-arid systems is the inverse-texture hypothesis which predicts that plant communities on coarse-textured soils should have higher above-ground net primary productivity (ANPP) than communities on fine-textured soils; the reverse is predicted to occur in humid regions. Our objectives were: (1) to test predictions from the inverse-texture hypothesis across a regional precipitation gradient, and (2) to evaluate changes in community composition and basal cover on coarse- and fine-textured soils across this gradient to determine how these structural parameters may affect ANPP. Sites were located along a precipitation gradient through the Central Grassland region...
Temporal variations in the relationships among plant nutrient concentrations, soil properties and arbuscular-mycorrhizal (AM) fungal dynamics were studied along a topographic and saline gradient in a temperate grassland soil. Soil and plant (Lotus tenuis, Paspalum vaginatum, Stenotaphrum secundatum) samples were collected on four seasonally based occasions. The morphology of AM root colonization had a similar pattern in the plants studied. Maximum arbuscular colonization occurred at the beginning of the growing season in late winter and was minimal in late summer, but maximal vesicular colonization occurred in summer and was minimal in winter, suggesting a preferential production of these morphological phases by...