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This report summarizes results of simulations with the model Hydro-MEM (the combined Hydrodynamic and Marsh Equilibrium Model) of the evolution of saltmarshes in response to future sea-level rise in four areas: 1) the coastline from the mouth of the Chesapeake Bay north to the Virginia-Maryland border (“VA”); 2) the Virginia-Maryland border north to Ocean City Inlet (“MD”); 3) the New Jersey coastline surrounding Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge (“NJ”); and 4) Plum Island Estuary, Massachusetts (“PIE”). These sites contain land protected and regulated by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. Because ecosystems do not stop at political boundaries, however, these study sites also include surrounding areas that are...
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This dataset represents a species distribution model for American oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus) on New Jersey’s Atlantic coast and was created as part of the Protection of Critical Beach Habitat project. In addition to American oystercatcher, this project includes species distribution models for piping plover (Charadrius melodus), least tern (Sternula antillarum), and black skimmer (Rynchops niger). All species models can be found in the Data Basin gallery Protection of Critical Beach-nesting Bird Habitats in the Wake of Severe Coastal Storms.Species distribution modeling was conducted to examine the influence of landscape scale variables and beach management strategies on bird breeding habitat suitability....
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This study combined a radar-based time series of Hurricane Sandy surge and estimated persistence with optical sensor-based marsh condition change to assess potential causal linkages of surge persistence and marsh condition change along the New Jersey Atlantic Ocean coast. Results based on processed TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images indicated that surge flooding persisted for 12 h past landfall in marshes from Great Bay to Great Egg Harbor Bay and up to 59 h after landfall in many back-barrier lagoon marshes. Marsh condition change (i.e. loss of green marsh vegetation) was assessed from optical satellite images (Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre and Moderate Resolution Imaging...
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This dataset represents the location of tidal inlets and beaches opened and closed by Hurricane Sandy on October 29, 2012, from the Storm-induced Habitat Modifications caused by Hurricane Sandy within the U.S. Atlantic Coast Breeding Range of the Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) project. Tidal inlets were located along the U.S. North Atlantic coast from Maine to North Carolina using aerial imagery from Google Earth, NOAA-NGS, USGS and PSDS that was taken from October 31 to November 9, 2012. Comparison to the locations of tidal inlets that were open prior to Hurricane Sandy as described in three previous reports allowed for the identification of inlets or breaches that were opened or closed by Hurricane Sandy....
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This dataset represents a species distribution model for black skimmer (Rynchops niger) on New Jersey’s Atlantic coast and was created as part of the Protection of Critical Beach Habitat project. In addition to black skimmer, this project includes species distribution models for piping plover (Charadrius melodus), least tern (Sternula antillarum), and American oystercatcher (Haematopus palliatus). All species models can be found in the Data Basin gallery Protection of Critical Beach-nesting Bird Habitats in the Wake of Severe Coastal Storms.Species distribution modeling was conducted to examine the influence of landscape scale variables and beach management strategies on bird breeding habitat suitability. The probability...
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In the face of sea level rise and as climate change conditions increase the frequency and intensity of tropical storms along the north-Atlantic Coast, coastal areas will become increasingly vulnerable to storm damage, and the decline of already-threatened species could be exacerbated. Predictions about response of coastal birds to effects of hurricanes will be essential for anticipating and countering environmental impacts. This project will assess coastal bird populations, behavior, and nesting in Hurricane Sandy-impacted North Carolina barrier islands. The project comprises three components: 1) ground-based and airborne lidar analyses to examine site specific selection criteria of coastal birds; 2) NWI classification...
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The USGS Hurricane Sandy Science Plan, completed in December 2012, describes continuing USGS activities with other agencies and guides continued data collection and analysis to ensure support for recovery and restoration efforts. The activities outlined in the plan are organized in five themes based on impact types and information needs. The data, information, and tools that are produced will further characterize impacts and changes, guide mitigation and restoration of impacted communities and ecosystems, inform a redevelopment strategy aimed at developing resilient coastal communities and ecosystems, improve preparedness and responsiveness to the next hurricane or similar coastal disaster, and enable improved hazard...
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In 2012, Hurricane Sandy struck the Northeastern US causing devastation among coastal ecosystems. Post-hurricane marsh restoration efforts have included sediment deposition, planting of vegetation, and restoring tidal hydrology. The work presented here is part of a larger project funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) to monitor the post-restoration ecological resilience of coastal ecosystems in the wake of Hurricane Sandy. The U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center made in-situ observations during 2018-2019 and 2022-2023 at two sites: Thompsons Beach, NJ and Stone Harbor, NJ. Marsh creek hydrodynamics and water quality including currents, waves, water levels, water...
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This study combined a radar-based time series of Hurricane Sandy surge and estimated persistence with optical sensor-based marsh condition change to assess potential causal linkages of surge persistence and marsh condition change along the New Jersey Atlantic Ocean coast. Results based on processed TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images indicated that surge flooding persisted for 12 h past landfall in marshes from Great Bay to Great Egg Harbor Bay and up to 59 h after landfall in many back-barrier lagoon marshes. Marsh condition change (i.e. loss of green marsh vegetation) was assessed from optical satellite images (Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre and Moderate Resolution Imaging...
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This study combined a radar-based time series of Hurricane Sandy surge and estimated persistence with optical sensor-based marsh condition change to assess potential causal linkages of surge persistence and marsh condition change along the New Jersey Atlantic Ocean coast. Results based on processed TerraSAR-X and COSMO-SkyMed synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images indicated that surge flooding persisted for 12 h past landfall in marshes from Great Bay to Great Egg Harbor Bay and up to 59 h after landfall in many back-barrier lagoon marshes. Marsh condition change (i.e. loss of green marsh vegetation) was assessed from optical satellite images (Satellite Pour l’Observation de la Terre and Moderate Resolution Imaging...
This multi-faceted project aims to assess nesting habitat for the Federally-listed piping plover (Charadrius melodus) and other beach-dwelling species on Atlantic coastal beaches and to forecast future habitat under accelerating sea level rise. This project engages a broad community of stakeholders along 1500 km of the U.S. Atlantic breeding range from North Carolina to Maine to address a shared problem in species and landscape management and increases collaboration and collective ‘ownership’ of the problem. The project can be divided into three parts: 1) Application development. Using agile software development approaches, a smartphone application called iPlover was conceived, developed and deployed in just a few...
This cooperative agreement, part of the suite of North Atlantic LCC Hurricane Sandy Marsh resilience projects, will increase understanding of how marshes across a range of conditions in the Northeast are likely to respond to sea level rise and storms. We will parameterize coupled marsh and hydrodynamic models for estuaries in the Northeast affected by Hurricane Sandy. The model will be applied to Plum Island Sound, MA in 2015. In the second year of the project, the Hydro-MEM model will be applied to the Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, in coastal NJ, the John H. Chafee National Wildlife Refuge, in Rhode Island and the back barrier marsh complexes from the inlet of Chesapeake Bay to Ocean City MD, including...
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In 2012, Hurricane Sandy struck the Northeastern US causing devastation among coastal ecosystems. Post-hurricane marsh restoration efforts have included sediment deposition, planting of vegetation, and restoring tidal hydrology. The work presented here is part of a larger project funded by the National Fish and Wildlife Foundation (NFWF) to monitor the post-restoration ecological resilience of coastal ecosystems in the wake of Hurricane Sandy. The U.S. Geological Survey Woods Hole Coastal and Marine Science Center made in-situ observations during 2018-2019 and 2022-2023 at two sites: Thompsons Beach, NJ and Stone Harbor, NJ. Marsh creek hydrodynamics and water quality including currents, waves, water levels, water...
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This dataset represents a combined file indicating where a Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was and was not used in the tidal marsh classifications "Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, DEM, 3m, Northeast U.S." and "Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, no DEM, 3m, Northeast U.S.". For more information about the development of the data please contact Mo Correll at Maureen.correll@maine.edu. "Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, DEM, 3m, Northeast U.S.", "Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, no DEM, 3m, Northeast U.S.", and "DEM Difference in Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, 3m, Northeast U.S." are products of the Saltmarsh Habitat and Avian Research Program (www.tidalmarshbirds.org).
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The barrier islands and coastal beaches along the Atlantic Coast are dynamic systems continuously affected and shaped by tides and weather events (Davidson-Arnott 2010). Occasionally weather events are large enough to generate or expand beach overwash areas and may inundate all or part of the islands. Nor'easters, are known to play a significant role in shaping beach morphology along the Mid-Atlantic and New England coasts (Leatherman et al. 1977, Hapke et al. 2010), but hurricanes are also recognized drivers of change in this region (Donnelly et al. 2001, Donnelly et al. 2004, Buynevich and Donnelly 2006, Boldt et al. 2010). The federally threatened Atlantic Coast piping plover (Charadrius melodus melodus) is dependent...
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Understanding the long-term consequences of hurricane effects on wildlife and their habitats is critical to efficiently and effectively protect and restore important coastal wetland and marsh habitat. Hurricane Sandy caused widespread and substantial physical, environmental, ecological damage, likely impacting the food supplies, habitats, and reproductive success of many animal species along the coast. Further, physical alterations to habitats throughout the impacted area significantly increased the region’s vulnerability to future storm events, posing new risks to communities and ecosystems.
map background search result map search result map USGS Hurricane Sandy Science Team Radar and optical mapping of surge persistence and marsh dieback along the New Jersey Mid-Atlantic coast after Hurricane Sandy Surge persistence Marsh condition change map Determining the habitat suitability of coastal waterbirds in New Jersey: impacts related to Hurricane Sandy Cape Lookout, North Carolina 2012 National Wetlands Inventory Habitat Classification DEM Difference in Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, 3m, Northeast U.S. Species distribution model for American oystercatcher on New Jersey's Atlantic Coast, 2007-2012 Species distribution model for black skimmer on New Jersey’s Atlantic Coast, 2007-2012 Tidal Inlets Opened and Closed by Hurricane Sandy, 2012, North and Mid-Atlantic, U.S. Hurricane Sandy induced changes to piping plover nesting habitat on Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey Supplementary data in support of oceanographic and water quality times-series measurements made at Thompsons Beach and Stone Harbor, NJ from September 2018 to February 2023 Grain-size analysis data from sediment samples in support of oceanographic and water-quality measurements at Thompsons Beach and Stone Harbor, New Jersey, collected in September 2018 and March 2022 Supplementary data in support of oceanographic and water quality times-series measurements made at Thompsons Beach and Stone Harbor, NJ from September 2018 to February 2023 Hurricane Sandy induced changes to piping plover nesting habitat on Edwin B. Forsythe National Wildlife Refuge, New Jersey Grain-size analysis data from sediment samples in support of oceanographic and water-quality measurements at Thompsons Beach and Stone Harbor, New Jersey, collected in September 2018 and March 2022 Cape Lookout, North Carolina 2012 National Wetlands Inventory Habitat Classification Species distribution model for American oystercatcher on New Jersey's Atlantic Coast, 2007-2012 Species distribution model for black skimmer on New Jersey’s Atlantic Coast, 2007-2012 Determining the habitat suitability of coastal waterbirds in New Jersey: impacts related to Hurricane Sandy Radar and optical mapping of surge persistence and marsh dieback along the New Jersey Mid-Atlantic coast after Hurricane Sandy Marsh condition change map Surge persistence Tidal Inlets Opened and Closed by Hurricane Sandy, 2012, North and Mid-Atlantic, U.S. DEM Difference in Tidal Marsh Vegetation Classification, 3m, Northeast U.S. USGS Hurricane Sandy Science Team