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The timely development of the nation's energy production capacity in a manner that minimizes potential adverse local and regional impacts associated with energy facilities requires the use of sophisticated techniques for evaluation of siting alternatives and fuel cycle options. This report is a documentation of the computerized SITE methodology that has been developed for evaluating health, environmental, and socioeconomic impacts related to utilization of alternate sites for energy production within a region of interest. The cost, impact, and attribute vectors, which are generated and displayed on density maps, can be used in a multiparameter overlay process to identify preferable siting areas. The assessment of...
Spatial and temporal mismatches between coarse resolution projections of global climate models (GCMs) and fine resolution data requirements of ecosystems models are the major obstacles for assessing the site-specific climatic impacts of climate change on natural resources and ecosystems. The objectives of this study were to: (i) develop a simple method for statistically downscaling GCM monthly output at the native GCM grid scale to station-scale using transfer functions, and (ii) further demonstrate the site-specific impact assessment of climate change on water resources, soil erosion, and crop production at Kingfisher, OK, US using the water erosion prediction project (WEPP) model. Monthly precipitation and temperature...
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Small mammal populations were live-trapped at two campsites and two control areas along the Colorado River in Canyonlands National Park, Utah, to determine the effects of camping impact on small mammal numbers. Data were collected from August 20 to September 10, 1976, and from April 11 to September 10, 1977. Captures of the canyon mouse (Peromyscus crinitis), least chipmunk (Eutamias minimus), antelope ground squirrel (Ammospermophilus leucurus), white-throated wood rat (Neotoma albigula) and rock squirrel (Spermophilus variegatus) populations were numerous enough to permit statistical comparison. At the Brown Betty campsite, small mammal populations, with the exception of rock squirrels, increased with campsite...
The process whereby hydrogeologists interpret the available information to produce a justifiable set of simplifying assumptions to describe a groundwater system is called conceptual modelling. Although this process is inherent in all hydrogeological assessments and can therefore be regarded as synonymous with hydrogeological practice there are no standard specifications for it. A framework for conceptual modelling has been designed to both assist in the planning and process of the work and to provide an audit trail to facilitate independent scrutiny. The application of this framework is illustrated by two case histories, one of a small-scale investigation for a proposed cemetery and the other of an investigation...
Evaluation criteria for reservoir and stream resources were developed to provide decision makers with feedback on environmental consequences of water allocation decisions under conditions of severe sustained drought within the Colorado River Basin by using the AZCOL gaming simulation model. Seven categories of flow dependent resources were identified which highlight resource states associated with reservoirs or river reaches within the AZCOL model. AZCOL directly simulates impact of water management decisions on five resource categories: threatened, endangered or sensitive fish; native nonlisted fish; wetland and riparian elements; national or state wildlife refuges; and hatcheries or other flow dependent facilities....
Trends and uncertainty of the climate change impacts on hydrology, soil erosion, and wheat production during 2010–2039 at El Reno in central Oklahoma, USA, were evaluated for 12 climate change scenarios projected by four GCMs (CCSR/NIES, CGCM2, CSIRO-Mk2, and HadCM3) under three emissions scenarios (A2, B2, and GGa). Compared with the present climate, overall t-tests (n = 12) show that it is almost certain that mean precipitation will decline by some 6% (>98.5% probability), daily precipitation variance increase by 12% (>99%), and maximum and minimum temperature increase by 1.46 and 1.26 °C (>99%), respectively. Compared with the present climate under the same tillage systems, it is very likely (>90%) that evapotranpiration...
The process whereby hydrogeologists interpret the available information to produce a justifiable set of simplifying assumptions to describe a groundwater system is called conceptual modelling. Although this process is inherent in all hydrogeological assessments and can therefore be regarded as synonymous with hydrogeological practice there are no standard specifications for it. A framework for conceptual modelling has been designed to both assist in the planning and process of the work and to provide an audit trail to facilitate independent scrutiny. The application of this framework is illustrated by two case histories, one of a small-scale investigation for a proposed cemetery and the other of an investigation...
This report presents the results of a social cost evaluation of three prospective photovoltaic electricity supply technologies. The technologies--based on cadmium sulfide, silicon, and gallium arsenide--are compared with each other and with coal in three categories of direct social impacts: occupational and public health and environmental effects. Indirect impacts, due to opportunity costs and benefits, or to health or other effects of use of material, labor or energy itself, are also considered. Special attention is given to regulatory issues that will arise in connection with these social costs and to their potential importance to government programs and commercial development.
Small mammal populations were live-trapped at two campsites and two control areas along the Colorado River in Canyonlands National Park, Utah, to determine the effects of camping impact on small mammal numbers. Data were collected from August 20 to September 10, 1976, and from April 11 to September 10, 1977. Captures of the canyon mouse (Peromyscus crinitis), least chipmunk (Eutamias minimus), antelope ground squirrel (Ammospermophilus leucurus), white-throated wood rat (Neotoma albigula) and rock squirrel (Spermophilus variegatus) populations were numerous enough to permit statistical comparison. At the Brown Betty campsite, small mammal populations, with the exception of rock squirrels, increased with campsite...
Social effects of building and operating nuclear power plants result from impacts upon (1) socially-valued aspects of the physical environment and (2) the social structure itself. Sudden, temporary population growth during construction may strain financial and organizational resources of rural areas. Large increases in tax base result from operation of privately-owned power plants, affecting tax structures and land use balances in site-specific fashion. Assessment of impacts involves dimensioning with fourteen descriptors, and analysis of impact recipient groups. Dissociation of social costs and benefits may occur (1) through time-lag between costs and benefits, (2) when different groups are beneficiaries and payees,...
Habitat modeling offers an approach to understanding some management problems of desert tortoises (Gopherus agassizii) and to focusing new research efforts. Modeling can provide (1) a method to organize existing information, (2) a means to identify whether physical habitat or some factor outside the scope of the habitat model is limiting populations, (3) a method to integrate habitat into resource development planning, and (4) a mechanism for focusing research on missing species-habitat information. Published in Herpetologica, volume 42, issue 1, on pages 134 - 138, in 1986.
    map background search result map search result map Campsite impacts on small mammals of the Colorado River, Canyonlands National Park, Utah Campsite impacts on small mammals of the Colorado River, Canyonlands National Park, Utah