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This dataset provides an assessment of the differential heating in the Indian Ocean (IO) and the subsequent modulation of the Ganges and Brahmaputra precipitation. Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature dynamics play a prominent role in Asian summer monsoon variability. Using 28 years of remote sensing observations, we demonstrate that (i) the tropical west-east differential heating in the IO influences the Ganges precipitation and (ii) the north-south differential heating in the IO influences the Brahmaputra precipitation. The El Niño phase induces warming in the warm pool of the IO and exerts more influence on Ganges precipitation than Brahmaputra precipitation. The analyses indicate that both the magnitude and...
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Model experiments that attempt to simulate climates of the past serve to identify both similarities and differences between two climate states and, when compared with simulations run by other models and with geological data, to identify model-specific biases. Uncertainties associated with both the data and the models must be considered in such an exercise. The most recent period of sustained global warmth similar to what is projected for the near future occurred about 3.3–3.0 million years ago, during the Pliocene epoch. Here, we present Pliocene sea surface temperature data, newly characterized in terms of level of confidence.


    map background search result map search result map Differential Heating in the Indian Ocean Differentially Modulates Precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra Basins Revised PRISM3 Pliocene Sea Surface Temperature Estimates Pliocene Planktic Foraminiferal Census Data from the Northeast Indian Ocean and Southeast Virginia Differential Heating in the Indian Ocean Differentially Modulates Precipitation in the Ganges and Brahmaputra Basins Pliocene Planktic Foraminiferal Census Data from the Northeast Indian Ocean and Southeast Virginia Revised PRISM3 Pliocene Sea Surface Temperature Estimates