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Fine-grained sediments, or “fines,” are nearly ubiquitous in natural sediments, even in the predominantly coarse-grained sediments that host gas hydrates. Fines within these sandy sediments can be mobilized and subsequently clog flow pathways while methane is being extracted from gas hydrate as an energy resource. Using two-dimensional (2D) micromodels to test the conditions in which clogging occurs provides insights for choosing production operation parameters that optimize methane recovery in the field. During methane extraction, several processes can alter the mobility and clogging potential of fines: (1) fluid flow as the formation is depressurized to release methane from gas hydrate, (2) shifting pore-fluid...
Categories: Data;
Tags: 2D micromodel,
Bay of Bengal,
Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
Geophysics,
Indian Ocean,
Understanding how effectively methane can be extracted from a gas hydrate reservoir requires knowing how compressible, permeable, and strong the overlying seal sediment is. This data release provides results for flow-through permeability, consolidation, and direct shear measurements made on fine-grained seal sediment from Site NGHP-02-08 offshore eastern India. The sediment was collected in a pressure core from the Krishna-Godavari Basin during the 2015 Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 2 (NGHP-02). Gas hydrate is a crystalline solid that forms naturally in the sediment of certain marine and permafrost environments where pressure is relatively high (equivalent to the pressure measured ~300 meters water...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bay of Bengal,
CMGP,
Coastal and Marine Geology Program,
Indian Ocean,
Krishna-Godavari Basin,
This data set collects, from peer-reviewed research, values of sea surface temperature (SST) that occurred at various sites across the Earth during a brief period of the mid-Piacenzian
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Arctic Ocean,
Atlantic Ocean,
Climatology,
Indian Ocean,
Marine Geology,
For more than 25 years, the U.S. Geological Survey Gas Hydrates Project has compiled and maintained an internal database of locations where the existence of gas hydrate has been confirmed or inferred in research studies. The existence of gas hydrate was considered confirmed when gas hydrate was recovered by researchers or videotaped from a vehicle (such as a submersible or remotely operated vehicle) near the sea floor. The existence of gas hydrate was considered inferred when seismic data, borehole logs, or certain geochemical characteristics match anomalies known to characterize gas hydrate. This data release provides a text description of the region, geographic coordinates, and the citation for the published reference...
One goal of the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program's NGHP-02 expedition was to examine the geomechanical response of marine sediment to the extraction of methane from gas hydrate found offshore eastern India in the Bay of Bengal. Methane gas hydrate is a naturally occurring crystalline solid that sequesters methane in individual molecular cages in a lattice of water molecules. Methane gas hydrate is a potential energy resource, but whether extracting methane from gas hydrate in the marine subsurface is technically and economically viable remains an open research topic as of 2018. This data release provides insight about a poorly quantified aspect of this process: the reaction of fine-grained sediment particles...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bay of Bengal,
CMGP,
Coastal and Marine Geology Program,
Indian Ocean,
Krishna-Godavari Basin,
Understanding how effectively methane can be extracted from a gas hydrate reservoir requires knowing how compressible, permeable, and strong the overlying seal sediment is. This data release provides results for flow-through permeability, consolidation, and direct shear measurements made on fine-grained seal sediment from Site NGHP-02-08 offshore eastern India. The sediment was collected in a pressure core from the Krishna-Godavari Basin during the 2015 Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 2 (NGHP-02). Gas hydrate is a crystalline solid that forms naturally in the sediment of certain marine and permafrost environments where pressure is relatively high (equivalent to the pressure measured ~300 meters water...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bay of Bengal,
CMGP,
Coastal and Marine Geology Program,
Indian Ocean,
Krishna-Godavari Basin,
Understanding how effectively methane can be extracted from a gas hydrate reservoir requires knowing how compressible, permeable, and strong the overlying seal sediment is. This data release provides results for flow-through permeability, consolidation, and direct shear measurements made on fine-grained seal sediment from Site NGHP-02-08 offshore eastern India. The sediment was collected in a pressure core from the Krishna-Godavari Basin during the 2015 Indian National Gas Hydrate Program Expedition 2 (NGHP-02). Gas hydrate is a crystalline solid that forms naturally in the sediment of certain marine and permafrost environments where pressure is relatively high (equivalent to the pressure measured ~300 meters water...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bay of Bengal,
CMGP,
Coastal and Marine Geology Program,
Indian Ocean,
Krishna-Godavari Basin,
One goal of the Indian National Gas Hydrate Program's NGHP-02 expedition was to examine the geomechanical response of marine sediment to the extraction of methane from gas hydrate found offshore eastern India in the Bay of Bengal. Methane gas hydrate is a naturally occurring crystalline solid that sequesters methane in individual molecular cages in a lattice of water molecules. Methane gas hydrate is a potential energy resource, but whether extracting methane from gas hydrate in the marine subsurface is technically and economically viable remains an open research topic as of 2018. This data release provides insight about a poorly quantified aspect of this process: the reaction of fine-grained sediment particles...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bay of Bengal,
CMGP,
Coastal and Marine Geology Program,
Indian Ocean,
Krishna-Godavari Basin,
PRISM3D uses multiple proxies to develop February and August synoptic reconstructions of the surface ocean. Planktonic foraminiferal assemblages were translated to February and August surface temperatures via factor analytic transfer function and the modern analog technique. Mg/Ca and alkenone paleothermometry were incorporated as supplementary data for the first time in a PRISM reconstruction. Individual time series were calibrated to age using a combination of magnetobioisostratigraphy, and warm peaks within the PRISM interval were averaged.These warm peak averages for February and August form the basic data used to produce contour maps of mid-Pliocene SST. Wherever other proxy data were available, they were plotted...
Quantitative counts of individuals identified to the species level.
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Climatology,
Ecology,
Indian Ocean,
Isle of Wight County,
Marine Geology,
This dataset provides an assessment of the differential heating in the Indian Ocean (IO) and the subsequent modulation of the Ganges and Brahmaputra precipitation. Indo-Pacific sea surface temperature dynamics play a prominent role in Asian summer monsoon variability. Using 28 years of remote sensing observations, we demonstrate that (i) the tropical west-east differential heating in the IO influences the Ganges precipitation and (ii) the north-south differential heating in the IO influences the Brahmaputra precipitation. The El Niño phase induces warming in the warm pool of the IO and exerts more influence on Ganges precipitation than Brahmaputra precipitation. The analyses indicate that both the magnitude and...
During the spring and summer of 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey participated in India’s National Gas Hydrate Program NGHP-02 expedition in the Krishna-Godavari Basin offshore eastern India. The expedition included conventional and pressure coring of sediment, samples of which were transferred to the U.S. Geological Survey in Woods Hole, MA for post-cruise testing. This data release contains measurement results for physical properties measured on recovered core material, including measurements on gas-hydrate-bearing sediment preserved in pressure cores, and physical properties of gas hydrate-free sediment recovered from conventional cores. This work is part of an international NGHP-02 collaboration culminating in...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bay of Bengal,
Geochemistry,
Geophysics,
Indian Ocean,
Krishna-Godavari Basin,
Model experiments that attempt to simulate climates of the past serve to identify both similarities and differences between two climate states and, when compared with simulations run by other models and with geological data, to identify model-specific biases. Uncertainties associated with both the data and the models must be considered in such an exercise. The most recent period of sustained global warmth similar to what is projected for the near future occurred about 3.3–3.0 million years ago, during the Pliocene epoch. Here, we present Pliocene sea surface temperature data, newly characterized in terms of level of confidence.
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Shapefile;
Tags: Arctic Ocean,
Atlantic Ocean,
Climatology,
Ecology,
Marine Geology,
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