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Wildfire can significantly alter the hydrologic response of a watershed to the extent that even modest rainstorms can produce dangerous flash floods and debris flows. The USGS conducts post-fire debris-flow hazard assessments for select fires in the Western U.S. We use geospatial data related to basin morphometry, burn severity, soil properties, and rainfall characteristics to estimate the probability and volume of debris flows that may occur in response to a design storm.
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This dataset represents 25 parallel longitudinal profiles that were extracted from terrestrial lidar point clouds taken during six survey periods. The six lidar surveys were conducted between 7 October 2010 and 8 October 2013. Over that time a colluvial hollow eroded into a fluvial channel. The longitudinal profiles show the topography of the colluvial hollow for each survey period. The width of the original colluvial hollow was approximately 1.25 m, and a longitudinal profile was extracted every 5 cm for the entire length of the hollow, resulting in 25 parallel longitudinal profiles. These data can be used to observe the transition of the colluvial hollow to a fluvial channel and furthermore they show the development...
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The West Hills of Portland, in the southern Tualatin Mountains, trend northwest along the west side of Portland, Oregon. These silt-mantled mountains receive significant wet-season precipitation and are prone to sliding during wet conditions, occasionally resulting in significant property damage or casualties. In an effort to develop a baseline for interpretive analysis of the groundwater response to rainfall, an automated monitoring system was installed in 2006 to measure rainfall, pore-water pressure, soil suction, soil-water potential, and volumetric water content at 15-minute intervals. The data show a cyclical pattern of groundwater and moisture content levels—wet from October to May and dry between June and...
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A hydrologic monitoring network was installed to investigate landslide hazards affecting the railway corridor along the eastern shore of Puget Sound between Seattle and Everett, near Mukilteo, Washington. During the summer of 2015, the U.S. Geological Survey installed instrumentation at four sites to measure rainfall and air temperature every 15 minutes. Two of the four sites are installed on contrasting coastal bluffs, one landslide scarred and one vegetated. At these two sites, in addition to rainfall and air temperature, volumetric water content, pore pressure, soil suction, soil temperature (via hydrologic instrumentation), and barometric pressure were measured every 15 minutes. The instrumentation was designed...
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This data release includes time-series data from two monitoring stations in drainage basins burned in the 2009 Station Fire, Los Angeles County, California. Both stations are located near the upper boundary of their respective watershed and were installed to study the effects of vegetation recovery on hillslope hydrology and debris-flow occurrence. The coordinates of the Arroyo Seco site are 34°14'13.10"N, 118°11'44.72"W. The coordinates for the Dunsmore Canyon hillslope site are 34°15'54.27"N, 118°14'14.41"W. The data include 1-minute time series of rainfall, soil water content, soil temperature, and soil matric potential recorded at two locations at both stations: AS1, AS2, DC1, DC2. The two locations at each...
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Following wildfire, mountainous areas of the western United States are susceptible to enhanced runoff and erosion and an increased vulnerability to debris flow during intense rainfall. Convective storms that can generate debris flows in recently burned areas may occur during or immediately after the wildfire, leaving insufficient time for development and implementation of risk mitigation strategies. We present a method for estimating post-fire debris-flow hazards prior to wildfire using historical data to define the range of potential fire severity for a given location based on the statistical distribution of severity metrics obtained from remote sensing. Estimates of debris-flow likelihood, magnitude and triggering...
This data release includes time-series, qualitative descriptions, and laboratory testing data from two monitoring stations installed in Puerto Rico following Hurricane Maria in 2017, which led to tens of thousands of landslides across the island (Bessette-Kirton et al., 2017). The stations were installed in July of 2018 to investigate subsurface hydrologic response to rainfall and develop a quantitative link between rainfall and landsliding. The Toro Negro site is located within the state protected Toro Negro rainforest near 18°10’N, 66°34’W and the Utuado site is located outside the city of Utuado near 18°17’N, 66°39’W. The soil found at the Toro Negro site is low-permeability, fine-grained and cohesive, and underlain...
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This dataset represents thermoluminescence (TL) data that was obtained after a series of experiments to investigate how TL techniques can indicate the depth of soil heating. This project was attempted to ultimately predict changes in erosion properties in burned areas subject to debris flow hazards. The soil samples were obtained from an area burned by the Silverado wildfire (September 12 to 20, 2014). The dataset includes 3 soil samples and 1 control sample. The three burned soil samples were obtained throughout the burned watershed, and the control sample was taken in an unburned area. These will be referred to as sample 3, sample 7, sample 10, and control 1. All soil was obtained on April 23, 2015. The sample...
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This Data Release includes information to support the characterization of surface/near-surface infiltration rates of selected landslide source area materials following Hurricane Maria across Puerto Rico, USA. The dataset includes comma-delimited measurements of field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) collected over two field campaigns (Fall 2018 and Spring 2019) as well as laboratory-derived measurements of soil/saprolite texture. The Kfs experiments were conducted within (or in the vicinity of) landslide source areas across the three primary geologic terranes on the island (Bawiec, 1998), including intrusive, volcaniclastic, and submarine basalt/chert lithologies. Depending on site conditions and the hydrologic...
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This data release includes information used to support the manuscript "Linking mesoscale meteorology with extreme landscape response: effects of narrow cold frontal rainbands (NCFR)". The included datasets and supplement include information related to the 22 March 2018 NCFR and associated shallow landslides in the Toulumne Canyon triggered by this event. The three datasets and one supplemental information document are: 1) mapped landslides where we created polygons for each landslide that occurred (Tuolumne Canyon Landslide Data Storm of 22 March 2018.kmz), 2) soil grain size data for landslide source and depositional zones (Tuolumne Canyon Grain Size Data Storm of 22 March 2018.xlsx), 3) a time series of rainfall...
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On January 15, 1997, a landslide of approximately 100,000-m3 from a coastal bluff swept five cars of a freight train into Puget Sound at Woodway, Washington, USA, 25 km north of downtown Seattle. The landslide resulted from failure of a sequence of dense sands and hard silts of glacial and non-glacial origin, including hard, jointed clayey silt that rarely fails in natural slopes. Joints controlled ground-water seepage through the silt and break-up of the landslide mass. During September of 1997, the U.S. Geological Survey began measuring rainfall, ground-water pressures, and ground movement at the bluff where the landslide occurred. The original sensor array comprised a tipping-bucket rain gauge, four extensometers...
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This data release contains two point clouds derived from structure-from-motion photogrammetry. The first survey was conducted on 10 September 2015 and the second survey was conducted on 1 June 2016. Each survey was designed to capture a 35-meter channel reach using digital photos (1187 photos were taken in the first survey and 1085 photos were taken in the second survey). Twenty-five bolts were drilled into the bedrock channel to serve as ground control points. We used a local coordinate system to create a reference frame, but the location of all of the ground control points are attached in the file called: GCPs_exported.txt. Agisoft photoscan was used to construct point clouds from the digital photos, and then...
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This data release includes information used to support interpretations of relations between precipitation and soil moisture for a U.S. Geological Survey post-fire monitoring array installed near Malibu, CA following the 2007 Canyon fire. The 3 datasets are: 1) a time series of precipitation from three tipping bucket rain gages in individual files (Schmidt_2020_CANVQRG1.csv, Schmidt_2020_CANVQRG2.csv, and Schmidt_2020_CANTPRG3.csv; where RG in file name is abbreviation for rain gage), 2) a time series of a total of 9 soil moisture probes distributed with three soil moisture probes installed at varying depths from 3 individual soil pits in 3 individual files grouped by pit (Schmidt_2020_CANVQSM1.csv, Schmidt_2020_CANVQSM2.csv,...
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This data release contains point clouds obtained from three terrestrial laser scanner (TLS) surveys of a hillslope burned by the 2016 Fish Fire in the San Gabriel Mountains, CA, USA. The TLS surveys were completed with a Leica ScanStation C10. All point data are in local coordinates and the units are in meters. The first survey was made on 19 November 2016 prior to the first post-wildfire rainstorm. The second survey was performed on 5 January 2017. Two runoff-generating rainstorms occurred between the first and second surveys. The two rainstorms had peak fifteen-minute average rainfall intensities of 27 mm/h and 10 mm/h, respectively. The third survey was performed on 22 February 2017, following five additional...
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The winter rainy season of 2016-2017 brought abundant rainfall to the state of California, including the San Francisco Bay region. Thousands of shallow landslides were triggered as a result of saturated soils and intense rainfall from strong winter storms in January and February 2017. The highest concentration of landslides from these storms occurred in the eastern part of the bay region, where landslides in the hills east of the Cities of Richmond, Berkeley, Oakland, Hayward, and Fremont, and elsewhere in the region, damaged homes, displaced a major electrical transmission-line tower, and blocked several heavily traveled state highway routes. The data presented here support our published map titled, "Landslides...
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This data release includes information used to support the manuscript "Rockfall kinematics from massive rock cliffs: outlier boulders and flyrock from Whitney Portal, California rockfalls". The included datasets and supplement include data that was collected and processed to investigate the kinematics of boulder trajectories and impacts to both other boulders and to existing trees on the talus slope beneath the source area cliffs. This data release includes four folders and one .csv file: 1) GIS Data – shapefile (.shp) of runout zone boundary, 2) RockyFor3d Model Data - .asc and .csv files necessary as input for RockyFor3d model, 3) Terrestrial Lidar- .txt file containing the XYZRGB point cloud collected post rockfall...
    map background search result map search result map Results of Hydrologic Monitoring of a Landslide-Prone Hillslope in Portland's West Hills, Oregon, 2006-2017 Results of Hydrologic Monitoring on Landslide-prone Coastal Bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington Silverado California Thermoluminescence Data Field data used to support numerical simulations of variably-saturated flow focused on variability in soil-water retention properties for the U.S. Geological Survey Bay Area Landslide Type (BALT) Site #1 in the East Bay region of California, USA Fourmile Canyon Wildfire Longitudinal Profile Data Chalk Cliffs Channel Surveys derived from Structure-from-Motion Las Lomas Hillside Lidar Hillslope hydrologic monitoring data following the 2009 Station Fire, Los Angeles County, California, November 2015 to June 2017 Infiltration data collected post-Hurricane Maria across landslide source area materials, Puerto Rico, USA Field, geotechnical, and meteorological data of the 22 March 2018 narrow cold frontal rainband (NCFR) and its effects, Tuolumne River canyon, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California Field measurements of rainfall and soil moisture data used to support understanding of infiltration and runoff following the 2007 Canyon Fire, Malibu, CA, USA Mapped polygons of landslides triggered by the 2016-2017 storm season, eastern San Francisco Bay region, California Field, remote sensing, and modeling data used for Collins et al., Rockfall Kinematics from Massive Rock Cliffs: Outlier Boulders and Flyrock Resulting from the 2020 Whitney Portal, California Rockfalls Las Lomas Hillside Lidar Fourmile Canyon Wildfire Longitudinal Profile Data Field, remote sensing, and modeling data used for Collins et al., Rockfall Kinematics from Massive Rock Cliffs: Outlier Boulders and Flyrock Resulting from the 2020 Whitney Portal, California Rockfalls Chalk Cliffs Channel Surveys derived from Structure-from-Motion Field data used to support numerical simulations of variably-saturated flow focused on variability in soil-water retention properties for the U.S. Geological Survey Bay Area Landslide Type (BALT) Site #1 in the East Bay region of California, USA Hillslope hydrologic monitoring data following the 2009 Station Fire, Los Angeles County, California, November 2015 to June 2017 Field measurements of rainfall and soil moisture data used to support understanding of infiltration and runoff following the 2007 Canyon Fire, Malibu, CA, USA Results of Hydrologic Monitoring on Landslide-prone Coastal Bluffs near Mukilteo, Washington Results of Hydrologic Monitoring of a Landslide-Prone Hillslope in Portland's West Hills, Oregon, 2006-2017 Field, geotechnical, and meteorological data of the 22 March 2018 narrow cold frontal rainband (NCFR) and its effects, Tuolumne River canyon, Sierra Nevada Foothills, California Silverado California Thermoluminescence Data Mapped polygons of landslides triggered by the 2016-2017 storm season, eastern San Francisco Bay region, California Infiltration data collected post-Hurricane Maria across landslide source area materials, Puerto Rico, USA