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This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are, increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs....
The surface of the Moon is heterogenous. Local surfaces can be classed on the basis of telescopic observations into units, each having a limited range of physical properties such as topograhpy, visible under low illumination. The properties of such surface units are considered to represent properties of under lying materials, so that the surface units corespond to underlying rock units which are analogous to the rock-stratigraphic formations of terrestrial geology. These rock units are arranged in order of relative age and grouped into time stratigraphic units by application of the concepts of superpositon and intersection, and by their apparent modification of properties with time. Following terrestrial convection,...
Material exposed on the surface of the moon is heterogeneous. The albedo and other physical characteristics that have been determined with the use of optical and radio telescopes vary from one part of the moon to another, and the variations are partially correlated with differences in topography . Discontinuities in the areal variation permit the surfaces material to be divided into map units, each exhibiting a limited range of topographic characteristics. Each map unit is further characterized by a distinctive pattern of distribution, and the patterns of certain units are in places superimposed on the patterns of other units. From the relations of superposition it is possible to determine the sequence in which...
Material exposed on the surface of the moon is heterogeneous. The albedo and other physical characteristics that have been determined with the use of optical and radio telescopes vary from one part of the moon to another, and the variations are partially correlated with differences in topography . Discontinuities in the areal variation permit the surfaces material to be divided into map units, each exhibiting a limited range of topographic characteristics. Each map unit is further characterized by a distinctive pattern of distribution, and the patterns of certain units are in places superimposed on the patterns of other units. From the relations of superposition it is possible to determine the sequence in which...
Three TIF files are provided that each have raster data for the Montes Apenninus region of the Moon. The images have been derived from the continuum-corrected and smoothed spectra following algorithms for glass band parameter, and 1 and 2 micron band depths. For these, we follow the methods of Horgan et al., 2014 and Bennett et al., 2016, see manuscript for details.
This map shows the geology in and around two potential early Apollo landing sites in the lunar equatorial belt. The Wichmann CA region is in Oceanus Procellarum, south of the equator, approximmately 320 km south of the crater Kepler. It is covered by mare material with numerous ridges, low domes, craters, and crater clusters. Relatively few of the craters are larger than 200 m across. Terra material is absent.
Material exposed on the surface of the Moon is heterogeneous. The albedo and other physical characteristics that have been determined with the use of optical and radio telescopes vary from one part of the Moon to another, and the variations are particular correlated with differences in topography. Discontinuities in the areal variation permit the surface material to be divided into map units, each exhibiting a limited range of photometric properties associated with a limited range of topographic characteristics. Each map unit is further characterized by a distinctive pattern of distribution, and the patterns of other units. From the relations of superposition it is possible to determine the sequence in which the...
The Geminus quadrangle, centrally located in the northeast quadrant of the lunar near side, is dominated geologically by several multi-ringed circular basins outside the quadrangle and five relatively young, large craters mapped here. The terra and the older craters apparently are mantled by a nearly continuous blanket of ejecta from the Serenitatis, Crisium, Humboldtianum, and Imbrium basins, which lie, respectively, southwest, southeast, and west of the quadrangle. Escarpments and rings of blocks concentric with these basins were raised by faulting and tilting when the basins were formed, presumably by hyper-velocity impacts of asteroid-sized bodies. The light and dark plains in Lacus Somniorum and in the north...
The surface of the moon is heterogeneous. Surface materials are classed on the basis of telescopic observations into units each having a limited range of physical properties such as topography, visible under low-illumination and albedo, the reflectivity under full-Moon illumination. Such units are considered analogous to the rock-stratigraphic formations of terrestrial geology. By application of the principles of superposition and intersection, these rock units are arranged in order of relative age and grouped into time stratigraphic units. Following terrestrial contention, the major time-stratigraphic units are designated systems, and their subdivisions, series; corresponding to these units are periods and epochs...
The Hommel quadrangle is in the southeast highlands of the earthside hemisphere of the Moon. The major geologic units are smooth and ridged terra materials, plains-forming materials and crater materials Mare material is absent. In the absence of extensive stratigraphic datum horizons, the geologic units were tentatively correlated with the type areas of the lunar geologic systems (Shoemaker and Hackman, 1962; Wilhelms, 1970) by means of a graded sequence of crater morphologies.
This data set contains imagery from the National Agriculture Imagery Program (NAIP). The NAIP program is administered by USDA FSA and has been established to support two main FSA strategic goals centered on agricultural production. These are increase stewardship of America's natural resources while enhancing the environment, and to ensure commodities are procured and distributed effectively and efficiently to increase food security. The NAIP program supports these goals by acquiring and providing ortho imagery that has been collected during the agricultural growing season in the U.S. The NAIP ortho imagery is tailored to meet FSA requirements and is a fundamental tool used to support FSA farm and conservation programs....
The surface of the Moon is heterogeneous. Surface materials are classed on the basis of telescopic observations into units, each having a limited range of topographic and other physical such as albedo, the reflectivity under full-Moon illumination. Such units are considered analogous to the rock-stratigraphic formations of terrestrial geology. By application of the principals of superposition and intersection, these rock units are arranged in order of relative age and grouped into time-stratigraphic units. Following terrestrial convention, the major time-stratigraphic units are designated systems, and their subdivision series; corresponding to these units are periods and epochs of time, respectively (Shoemaker,...
Although geologic mapping fo the Moon has its own techniques and problems, systematic observation and the application of established geological principles have allowed the materials and structures of its surface to be delineated and classified into units (Shoemaker and Hackman 1962; McCauley 1967; Wilhelms, 1970). Most of these units are material entities similar to terrestrial rock-stratigraphic units and have been arranged in chronological sequence to form a lunar stratigraphic column. Relative ages are determined by superposition, embayment and cross cutting relations, and by density of superposed craters and degree of topographic freshness (Wilhelms 1970). In addition, crater morphologies are believed to be...
The Wilhelm quadrangle lies along a mare highlands boundary west of the crater Tycho, southeast of Mare Humorum, and southwest of Mare Numbium. The outer scarp of the Orientale basin is 1200 km to the West-Northwest. The quadrangle is characterized by pitted and mantled appearing terra, which in the north is interrupted by patches of mare and in the south by several large pre-Imbrian craters. Most of the mare material occupies angular massif bounded depressions which are approximately concentric and radial to the basins that contain Mare Humorum and Mare Numbium. Most of the large craters are either partly subdued (Wurzelbauer, Montanari), the degree of subdual apparently resulting from a mantle of terra material...
The Schickard quadrangle lies in the southwest quadrant of the near side of the moon between Mare Humorum to the northeast, the Orientale multi-ring basin to the northwest, and the crater Tycho to the east. A northward-trending arcuate chain of large craters occurs along the south and west margins of the quadrangle and includes the 180 km wide crater Schickard, the most conspicuous feature in the quadrangle. The region is part of the southern highlands lunar province and is characterized by rugged and complex topography, 40 percent of which is uplands rising as much as 1600 meters above irregular patches of smooth plains and mare.
When the Apollo astronauts land on the Moon, their precise location will not be known. The real-time geologic mapping planned for the first mission could best be done if the exact position of the landing site were determined. The astronauts may have to find their position, with or without assistance from the Earth-based scientific mission center, before leaving the Lunar Module (LM), and the less time this takes, the more time will be available for exploring the lunar surface.
The original geologic maps of the Apennine-Hadley region (I-723) were published in 1971 as two map sheets (1:250,000 and 1:50,000) in a Transverse Mercator projection to support the Apollo 15 mission, the fourth crewed mission to land on the Moon (July 26 – August 7, 1971). These renovated versions of the 1:50k and 1:250k maps represent a best effort to capture and preserve the fidelity of the original mapping effort in an interactive digital format. These maps are not updated versions or reinterpretations of the original geologic maps which were based on Lunar Orbiter images, but spatial adjustments to a Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Wide Angle Camera (WAC) basemap to make the maps more compatible with current...
The Purbach quadrangle is in the south central part of the lunar near side and includes the following four distinct topographic geologic provinces: 1) rugged and densely cratered highlands extending north south through the central part of the area locally dissected by large troughs (sculpture) of Imbrium age (Gilbert, 1893; Hartmann, 1963) 2) subdued terrain in the east where both isolated and interconnected topographic lows are partly filled with plains material 3) terra and plains materials of low relief in the southwest which obscure the large ancient crater Deslandres; 4) basalt flows of Mare Numbium which embay and overlap the adjacent terrae along the west central and northwestern parts of the quadrangle.
This 1:250,000-scale geologic map is one of a series prepared largely from photographs transmitted by Ranger IX (reproduced in a report by Jet Propulsion Lab., 1966). It depicts the geology of the crater Alphonsus (in which Ranger IX impacted) and environs. The primary objective of the mapping was to apply extent lunar mapping techniques used on relatively small scale telescopic photographs to the larger scale Ranger photographs, in preparation for extensive analysis of lunar orbiter photography in support of the apollo program. An additional objective was to shed more light on the formation of Alphonsus and its associated features. The map outlines rock units that are inferred from surface features and characteristics,...
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration plans to land two astronauts on the Moon as a part of the Apollo Space Program. The questions arise: What should the astronauts do on the surface and what information should they gather? This report proposes answers to these questions by describing a possible series of scientific activities, or mission profiles, to be performed by the astronauts on the lunar surface during the first seven missions.
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