Filters: Tags: Modelling (X)
43 results (81ms)|
Filters
Date Range
Extensions Types
Contacts
Categories Tag Types
|
Abstrac As a pilot study potential biophysical and human land use drivers in Costa Rica were evaluated using multi-variate statistical methods in a nested scale analysis. The reconstructed land use drivers and their quantified effects on land use were applied within a dynamic framework CLUE (Conversion of Land Use and its Effects) to model land use dynamics in Costa Rica from 1973 to 1984. Our pilot study demonstrates that a land use/cover system can be described as a scale-dependent hierarchical system and that its dynamics can be satisfactorily modelled as functions of biophysical and human drivers.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Costa Rica,
Modelling,
biophysical,
dimensions,
dynamics,
Energy consumption from the residential sector is a complex socio-technical problem that can be explained using a combination of physical, demographic and behavioural characteristics of a dwelling and its occupants. A structural equation model (SEM) is introduced to calculate the magnitude and significance of explanatory variables on residential energy consumption. The benefit of this approach is that it explains the complex relationships that exist between manifest variables and their overall effect though direct, indirect and total effects. Using the English House Condition Survey (EHCS) consisting of 2531 unique cases, the main drivers behind residential energy consumption are found to be the number of household...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Efficiency,
Energy,
Equation,
Modelling,
Residential,
The South Carolina Unit is one of 40 similar Cooperative Research Units located at land-grant universities throughout the United States. It is jointly sponsored by the Department of the Interior's U.S. Geological Survey and U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the South Carolina Department of Natural Resources, Clemson University, and the Wildlife Management Institute. Research at the SC Unit focuses primarily on questions of importance to our cooperators that require high-quality data and analysis to address natural resource management issues. Areas of emphasis include ecology and conservation of both terrestrial and marine wildlife, reproductive energetics, conservation physiology, foraging ecology, population modeling...
Climate change data for 3 time periods, 1916-2006, 2030-2059, and 2070-2099, in the following themes: Climate change data for 3 time periods, 1916-2006, 2030-2059, and 2070-2099, in the following themes: Base Flow, Combined Flow, Evapotranspiration, Average Temperature, Maximum Temperature, Minimum Temperature, PET 1, PET 5, Precipitation, Relative Humidity, Runoff, Snow Depth, Snow Water Equivalent, Soil Moisture, Soil Moisture Deficit, Water Balance Deficit. Base Flow Combined Flow Evapotranspiration Average Temperature Maximum Temperature Minimum Temperature PET 1 PET 5
Spatially accurate annual crop cover maps are an important component to various planning and research applications; however, the importance of these maps varies significantly with the timing of their availability. Utilizing a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was used to generate historical annual crop cover maps (classifying nine major crops: corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, spring wheat, winter wheat, alfalfa, other hay/non alfalfa, fallow/idle cropland, and ‘other’ as one class for remaining crops), we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated in near real time (NRT). The CCM was trained on 14 temporal and 15 static geospatial datasets, known as predictor variables, and...
This dataset contains scenario based model projections (2001-2100) of land use related water demand for the California Central Coast in support of the published manuscript "Land-Use Change and Future Water Demand in California’s Central Coast" in the journal Land (https://www.mdpi.com/2073-445X/9/9/322). We used a modified version of the USGS's LUCAS model to examine two future scenarios of future land use and associated water use demand, from 2001 to 2100 across 10 Monte Carlo simulations. We examined a range of potential water demand futures sampled from a 24-year record of historical (1992-2016) data to develop two future land change scenarios including a business-as-usual (BAU) scenario which sampled from the...
Categories: Data,
Data Release - In Progress;
Tags: California Central Coast,
Land change,
Monterey County,
San Benito County,
San Luis Obispo County,
Recently, an active debate has emerged around greenhouse gas emissions due to indirect land use change (iLUC) of expanding agricultural areas dedicated to biofuel production. In this paper we provide a detailed analysis of the iLUC effect, and further address the issues of deforestation, irrigation water use, and crop price increases due to expanding biofuel acreage. We use GLOBIOM – an economic partial equilibrium model of the global forest, agriculture, and biomass sectors with a bottom-up representation of agricultural and forestry management practices. The results indicate that second generation biofuel production fed by wood from sustainably managed existing forests would lead to a negative iLUC factor, meaning...
A study was conducted to assess the efficacy of drainage setbacks for limiting effects to wetlands in the Prairie Pothole Region, USA. Surface-water levels, along with primary components of the wetland water balance, were monitored at four wetland catchments over 3 years. During the second year of the study, subsurface drainage systems were installed in two of the wetland catchments using drainage setbacks, and the drainage discharge volumes were monitored. A catchment water-balance model also was used to assess the potential effect of subsurface drainage (i.e., reduced precipitation runoff) on wetland hydrology, and to assess the efficacy of drainage setbacks for mitigating these effects. These data directly support...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Stutsman County, ND,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
drainage systems,
environment,
inlandWaters,
The Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit program was established in 1935 to enhance graduate education in fisheries and wildlife sciences and to facilitate research between natural resource agencies and universities on topics of mutual concern. Today, there are 40 Cooperative Research Units in 38 states. Each unit is a partnership among the U.S. Geological Survey, State natural resource agency(s), host university(s), and the Wildlife Management Institute. Staffed by U.S. Geological Survey research scientists, Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Units conduct research on renewable natural resource questions, direct the education of graduate students, provide technical assistance and consultation on natural...
Planning for the effects of climate change on natural resources often requires detailed projections of future climate at finer spatial scales consistent with the processes managers typically consider. While it is numerically possible to produce downscaled climate at very fine scales (< 5km), accurate estimation at these scales is difficult and less certain without very detailed local information. Both the absence of a sufficiently dense network of long-term climate observations and the presence of local factors such as topography and land surface feedbacks from vegetation and snowpack contribute to the uncertainties of localized projections. To meet the needs of managers for developing adaptation strategies, vulnerability...
Spatially accurate annual crop cover maps are an important component to various planning and research applications; however, the importance of these maps varies significantly with the timing of their availability. Utilizing a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was used to generate historical annual crop cover maps (classifying nine major crops: corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, spring wheat, winter wheat, alfalfa, other hay/non alfalfa, fallow/idle cropland, and ‘other’ as one class for remaining crops), we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated in near real time (NRT). The CCM was trained on 14 temporal and 15 static geospatial datasets, known as predictor variables, and...
Integrated assessment models of global environmental problems play an increasingly important role in decision making. This use demands a good insight regarding the reliability of these models. In this paper we analyze uncertainty management in the IMAGE-project (Integrated Model to Assess the Greenhouse Effect). We use a classification scheme comprising type and source of uncertainty. Our analysis shows reliability analysis as main area for improvement. We briefly review a recently developed methodology, NUSAP, that systematically addresses the strength of data in terms of spread, reliability and scientific status (pedigree) of information. This approach is being tested through interviews with model builders.
Wind power forecasts are in various ways valuable for users in decision-making processes. However, most forecasts are deterministic, and hence possibly important information about uncertainty is not available. Complete information about future production can be obtained by using probabilistic forecasts, and this article demonstrates how such forecasts can be created by means of local quantile regression. The approach has several advantages, such as no distributional assumptions and flexible inclusion of predictive information. In addition, it can be shown that, for some purposes, forecasts in terms of quantiles provide the type of information required to make optimal economic decisions. The methodology is applied...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Process,
analysis,
integrated,
inventory,
life cycle,
The USGS’s FORE-SCE model was used to produce a long-term landscape dataset for the Delaware River Basin (DRB). Using historical landscape reconstruction and scenario-based future projections, the data provided land-use and land-cover (LULC) data for the DRB from year 1680 through 2100, with future projections from 2020-2100 modeled for 7 different socioeconomic-based scenarios, and 3 climate realizations for each socioeconomic scenario (21 scenario combinations in total). The projections are characterized by 1) high spatial resolution (30-meter cells), 2) high thematic resolution (20 land use and land cover classes), 3) broad spatial extent (covering the entirety of the Delaware River basin, corresponding to USGS...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Delaware River,
Delaware River Basin,
Delaware River Basin,
FORE-SCE,
Future,
Spatially accurate annual crop cover maps are an important component to various planning and research applications; however, the importance of these maps varies significantly with the timing of their availability. Utilizing a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was used to generate historical annual crop cover maps (classifying nine major crops: corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, spring wheat, winter wheat, alfalfa, other hay/non alfalfa, fallow/idle cropland, and ‘other’ as one class for remaining crops), we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated in near real time (NRT). The CCM was trained on 14 temporal and 15 static geospatial datasets, known as predictor variables, and...
Categories: Data;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
United States,
conus,
crop cover mapping,
modelling,
The stable isotopic composition of water is routinely used as a tracer to study water exchange processes in vascular plants and ecosystems. To date, no study has focussed on isotope processes in non-vascular, poikilohydric organisms such as lichens and bryophytes. To understand basic isotope exchange processes of non-vascular plants, thallus water isotopic composition was studied in various green-algal lichens exposed to desiccation. The study indicates that lichens equilibrate with the isotopic composition of surrounding water vapour. A model was developed as a proof of concept that accounts for the specific water relations of these poikilohydric organisms. The approach incorporates first their variable thallus...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Cryptogams,
Isotope equilibration,
Modelling,
Planta,
Vapour,
This report documents the various photovoltaic (PV) performance models and software developed and utilized by researchers at Sandia National Laboratories (SNL) in support of the Photovoltaics and Grid Integration Department. In addition to PV performance models, hybrid system and battery storage models are discussed. A hybrid system using other distributed sources and energy storage can help reduce the variability inherent in PV generation, and due to the complexity of combining multiple generation sources and system loads, these models are invaluable for system design and optimization. Energy storage plays an important role in reducing PV intermittency and battery storage models are used to understand the best...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Coal,
Modelling,
documentation,
market,
national energy modeling system
A two-dimensional finite element model was used to simulate the groundwater recovery process under various surface mining situations. The simulation results were used to predict the rate at which soil settlement takes place. It was found that the groundwater recovery process is very fast immediately after mine closure and cessation of dewatering programmes; a significant part of mine land settlement can be measured at such times. This paper presents a method for deriving the relationship between the re-establishment of the natural groundwater regime to its equilibrium position as existed prior to the commencement of mining operations and mine spoil settlement.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Modelling,
groundwater,
land settlement,
prediction,
recovery process,
Spatially accurate annual crop cover maps are an important component to various planning and research applications; however, the importance of these maps varies significantly with the timing of their availability. Utilizing a previously developed crop classification model (CCM), which was used to generate historical annual crop cover maps (classifying nine major crops: corn, cotton, sorghum, soybeans, spring wheat, winter wheat, alfalfa, other hay/non alfalfa, fallow/idle cropland, and ‘other’ as one class for remaining crops), we hypothesized that such crop cover maps could be generated in near real time (NRT). The CCM was trained on 14 temporal and 15 static geospatial datasets, known as predictor variables, and...
Wildland fire is a global phenomenon, and a result of interactions between climate?weather, fuels and people. Our climate is changing rapidly primarily through the release of greenhouse gases that may have profound and possibly unexpected impacts on global fire activity. The present paper reviews the current understanding of what the future may bring with respect to wildland fire and discusses future options for research and management. To date, research suggests a general increase in area burned and fire occurrence but there is a lot of spatial variability, with some areas of no change or even decreases in area burned and occurrence. Fire seasons are lengthening for temperate and boreal regions and this trend should...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: International Journal of Wildland Fire,
area burned,
carbon,
emissions,
fire activity,
|
|
