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This dataset consists of a series of rasters covering the conterminous United States. Each raster is a one kilometer (km) grid for 18 selected Census of Agriculture statistics mapped to land use pixels for the time period 1950 to 2012. A supplemental set of 9 statistics mapped at the entire county level are also provided as 1-km rasters. The rasters are posted as ArcGIS grids. The statistics represent values for crops, livestock, irrigation, fertilizer, and manure usage. Most statistics are mapped for all 14 Census of Agriculture reporting years in that time frame: 1950, 1954, 1959, 1964, 1969, 1974, 1978, 1982, 1987, 1992, 1997, 2002, 2007, and 2012.
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This metadata record describes monthly input and output data covering the period 1900-2015 for a water-balance model described in McCabe and Wolock (2011). The input datasets are precipitation (PPT) and air temperature (TAV) from the PRISM group at Oregon State University. The model outputs include estimated potential evapotranspiration (PET), actual evapotranspiration (AET), runoff (RUN) (streamflow per unit area), soil moisture storage (STO), and snowfall (SNO). The datasets are arranged in tables of monthly total or average values measured in millimeters or degrees C and then multiplied by 100. The data are indexed by the identifier PRISMID, which refers to an ASCII raster of cells in an associated file named...
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Ecological assessment data from the USGS National Water-Quality Assessment Program and the USEPA National River and Stream Assessment were reviewed and records were retained from sampling sites co-located with active USGS stream gages. A limited amount of ancillary data, including location, physical watershed features, and basic water chemistry data for each site were also retained.
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In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study of more than 50 major river basins across the Nation as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project of the National Water-Quality Program. One of the major goals of the NAWQA project is to determine how water-quality conditions change over time. To support that goal, long-term consistent and comparable monitoring has been conducted on streams and rivers throughout the Nation. Outside of the NAWQA project, the USGS also has collected long-term water-quality data to support additional assessments of changing water-quality conditions. These data have been combined to provide insight into how natural features and human activities have contributed...
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In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study of more than 50 major river basins across the Nation as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project of the National Water-Quality Program. One of the major goals of the NAWQA project is to determine how water-quality conditions change over time. To support that goal, long-term consistent and comparable monitoring has been conducted on streams and rivers throughout the Nation. Outside of the NAWQA project, the USGS and other Federal, State, and local agencies also have collected long-term water-quality data to support their own assessments of changing water-quality conditions. Data from these multiple sources have been combined to support...
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Anthropogenic impervious surfaces affect hydrology, water quality, and ecological health and are widely studied. Previous studies have been limited, however, by a lack of consistent representation of imperviousness nationally as a time series prior to 2001. This product presents estimated imperviousness at 60-meter spatial resolution, for the time periods 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012. The mapping was derived by comparing imperviousness from the National Land Cover Database (NLCD) 2011 to national land use from the 2012 U.S. Geological Survey NAWQA Wall-to-wall Anthropogenic Land Use Trends (NWALT) product. The NWALT land use product includes a series of 60-m national rasters, containing 18 land use classes,...
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This dataset is comprised of water quality data and benthic macroinvertebrate data collected from basins in Colorado, USA, and Finland. The data includes ancillary water quality characteristics but also a suite of trace metals observed at each site. Also included are modeled outputs that characterize the bioavailability of each trace metal to a biotic ligand. These data were used to explore the importance of metal toxicity and pH as stressors on benthic macroinvertebrates characterized as the number of unique Ephemeroptera + Plecoptera + Trichoptera genera observed at each site. An interpretive summary of the work follows. One of the primary goals of biological assessment of rivers is to identify whether contaminants...
Groundwater-quality data were collected from 748 wells as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Project of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Program from May 2012 through December 2013. The data were collected from four types of well networks: principal aquifer study networks, which assess the quality of groundwater used for public water supply; land-use study networks, which assess land-use effects on shallow groundwater quality; major aquifer study networks, which assess the quality of groundwater used for domestic supply; and enhanced trends networks, which evaluate the time scales during which groundwater quality changes. Groundwater samples were analyzed for a large number of water-quality...
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Dissolved pesticides were measured in weekly water samples from 100 wadeable streams across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. during May-August, 2013, as part of the Midwest Stream Quality Assessment study conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey's (USGS) National Water Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project. Of the 100 stream sites, 12 were urban indicator sites and the remaining 88 sites were located along an agricultural gradient of watershed land use. Twelve depth- and width-integrated samples were collected at each site within the 14-week study period. Water samples were filtered (0.7 micrometers) and analyzed for 227 pesticide compounds by direct-injection liquid chromatography with tandem mass-spectrometry,...
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In 1991, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) began a study of more than 50 major river basins across the Nation as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) project of the National Water-Quality Program. One of the major goals of the NAWQA project is to determine how water-quality conditions change over time. To support that goal, long-term consistent and comparable monitoring has been conducted on streams and rivers throughout the Nation. Outside of the NAWQA project, the USGS and other Federal, State, and local agencies also have collected long-term water-quality data to support their own assessments of changing water-quality conditions. Data from these multiple sources have been combined to support...
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Groundwater-quality data were collected from 559 wells as part of the National Water-Quality Assessment Project of the U.S. Geological Survey National Water-Quality Program from January through December 2014. The data were collected from four types of well networks: principal aquifer study networks, which assess the quality of groundwater used for public water supply; land-use study networks, which assess land-use effects on shallow groundwater quality; major aquifer study networks, which assess the quality of groundwater used for domestic supply; and enhanced trends networks, which evaluate the time scales during which groundwater quality changes. Groundwater samples were analyzed for a large number of water-quality...
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This U.S. Geological Survey data release provides the data and citations for selected tables and figures in “Agriculture-A river runs through it-The connections between agriculture and water quality”. This Circular is based on the National Water-Quality Assessment Project’s study of Agricultural Chemicals: Sources, Behavior, and Transport. This study focused on the connections between agriculture and water quality by examining multiple components of the hydrological system within agricultural areas to improve the understanding of how agricultural chemicals are transported into and through streams and groundwater. These data support the following publication: Capel, P.D., McCarthy, K.A., Coupe, R.H., Grey, K.M.,...
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This product is a 100-meter resolution raster which classifies urban lands in the conterminous United States by the year in which they were “first developed.” The classification is based on housing density by era for 1940-2010 developed by the University of Wisconsin-Madison SILVIS lab. The classification was applied by identifying a housing unit density threshold which matched current-era “development” as represented by U.S. Census Urban Areas polygons, then re-applying that threshold to former eras back to 1940. The result is a national raster (.tif format) with eight classes, for the years 1940 and before, 1950, 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990, 2000, and 2010, representing the year in which a pixel crossed the threshold...
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Widespread nitrate contamination of groundwater in agricultural areas poses a major challenge to sustainable water resources. Efficient analysis of nitrate fluxes across large regions also remains difficult. This study introduces a method of characterizing nitrate transport processes continuously across regional unsaturated zones and groundwater based on surrogate, machine-learning metamodels of an N flux process-based model. The metamodels used boosted regression trees (BRTs) to relate mappable variables to parameters and outputs of a “vertical flux method” (VFM) applied in the Fox-Wolf-Peshtigo (FWP) area in Wisconsin. In this context, the metamodels are upscaling the VFM results throughout the region, and the...
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The National Water Quality Network (NWQN) for Rivers and Streams includes 113 surface-water river and stream sites monitored by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Program, National Water-Quality Assessment (NAWQA) Project. The NWQN includes 19 large river coastal sites, 44 large river inland sites, 30 wadeable stream reference sites, 10 wadeable stream urban sites, and 10 wadeable stream agricultural sites. In addition to the 113 NWQN sites, 3 large inland river monitoring sites from the USGS Cooperative Water Program are also included in this annual water-quality reporting Web site to be consistent with previous USGS studies of nutrient transport in the Mississippi-Atchafalaya River Basin....
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This dataset is a categorical mapping of estimated mean building heights, by Census block group, in shapefile format for the conterminous United States. The data were derived from the NASA Shuttle Radar Topography Mission, which collected “first return” (top of canopy and buildings) radar data at 30-m resolution in February, 2000 aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavor. These data were processed here to estimate building heights nationally, and then aggregated to block group boundaries. The block groups were then categorized into six classes, ranging from “Low” to “Very High”, based on the mean and standard deviation breakpoints of the data. The data were evaluated in several ways, to include comparing them to a reference...
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This product contains 1,297 watershed boundaries for water quality study sites of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) National Water Quality Program (NWQP) Surface Water Trends project. These include sites where water quality information was collected by both USGS and non-USGS agencies. The data consist of 1,285 boundaries in the conterminous United States, and 12 in Puerto Rico. Twenty-seven percent of boundaries were assembled from other efforts within the USGS which are using the same sites, and 73 percent of boundaries were created new for this project. The data are posted as a single shapefile with separate polygons for each boundary.
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This dataset is a 900 meter resolution raster representing the depth in meters at which the probability of oxic groundwater occurring is at least 50%, for the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Oxic groundwater was defined as containing O2 values >= 2 mg/L. The values range from 0-100 meters, with 100 representing all depths greater than 100. It was created in support of models which define the oxic/suboxic interface, which is important for determining pathways for nitrate transport in groundwater and in streams. The dataset was derived from a logistic regression of variables representing surficial geology, position in the flow system, and soil drainage.
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High radium (Ra) concentrations in potable portions of the Cambrian-Ordovician (C-O) aquifer system were investigated using water-quality data and environmental tracers ( 3H, 3Hetrit, SF6 , 14C and 4Herad) of groundwater age from 80 public-supply wells (PSWs). Groundwater ages were estimated by calibration of tracers to lumped parameter models and ranged from modern (1 Myr) in the most downgradient, confined portions of the potable system. More than 80 and 40 percent of mean groundwater ages were older than 1000 and 50,000 yr, respectively. Anoxic, Fe-reducing conditions and increased mineralization develop with time in the aquifer system and mobilize Ra into solution resulting in the frequent occurrence of combined...
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This product is a series of six national 1-kilometer (km) raster datasets, for five year intervals between 1985 and 2010, representing USGS Water Use "Total Fresh Water Withdrawals", allocated to areas of land use representing anthropogenic use. Pixels representing anthropogenic uses (urban, agriculture, and mining land uses) are derived from the NAWQA Wall-to-wall Anthropogenic Land-use Trends (NWALT) product (Falcone, 2015), a series of decadal national raster datasets for the period 1974-2012. The raster datasets created here are intended as a source of information for estimating water use for watersheds, at the scale of HUC12 watersheds and coarser. Units are millions of gallons per day (mgd) per square km.
map background search result map search result map Depth to 50 percent probability of oxic conditions, Chesapeake Bay Watershed Water-quality and streamflow datasets used in Seasonal Kendall trend tests for the Nation’s rivers and streams, 1972-2012 National 1-kilometer rasters of selected Census of Agriculture statistics allocated to land use for the time period 1950 to 2012 U.S. national categorical mapping of building heights by block group from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data County fresh-water withdrawal water use allocated to relevant land uses in the United States: 1985 to 2010 Watershed boundaries for study sites of the U.S. Geological Survey Surface Water Trends project Pesticide concentration and streamflow datasets used to evaluate pesticide trends in the Nation’s rivers and streams, 1992-2012 Daily streamflow datasets used to analyze trends in streamflow at sites also analyzed for trends in water quality and ecological condition in the Nation's rivers and streams Datasets from Groundwater-Quality Data from the National Water-Quality Assessment Project, January through December 2014 and Select Quality-Control Data from May 2012 through December 2014 Old vs. new urban: U.S. national mapping of the year of “first development” for urban areas, from 1940-2010. Coefficient-based consistent mapping of imperviousness in the conterminous U.S. at 60-m resolution for 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012 Disentangling the effects of low pH and metal mixture toxicity on macroinvertebrate diversity: data sets Data and citations describing the connections between agriculture and water quality in the United States Data for Radium Mobility and the Age of Groundwater in Public-drinking-water Supplies from the Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System, North-Central USA Water Balance Model Inputs and Outputs for the Conterminous United States, 1900-2015 Matched ecological assessment and stream gaging data for the CONUS Data Release for Metamodeling and Mapping of Nitrate Flux in the Unsaturated Zone and Groundwater, Wisconsin, USA Data Release for Metamodeling and Mapping of Nitrate Flux in the Unsaturated Zone and Groundwater, Wisconsin, USA Depth to 50 percent probability of oxic conditions, Chesapeake Bay Watershed Data for Radium Mobility and the Age of Groundwater in Public-drinking-water Supplies from the Cambrian-Ordovician Aquifer System, North-Central USA Pesticide concentration and streamflow datasets used to evaluate pesticide trends in the Nation’s rivers and streams, 1992-2012 Matched ecological assessment and stream gaging data for the CONUS Water Balance Model Inputs and Outputs for the Conterminous United States, 1900-2015 Datasets from Groundwater-Quality Data from the National Water-Quality Assessment Project, January through December 2014 and Select Quality-Control Data from May 2012 through December 2014 Data and citations describing the connections between agriculture and water quality in the United States Old vs. new urban: U.S. national mapping of the year of “first development” for urban areas, from 1940-2010. Coefficient-based consistent mapping of imperviousness in the conterminous U.S. at 60-m resolution for 1974, 1982, 1992, 2002, and 2012 National 1-kilometer rasters of selected Census of Agriculture statistics allocated to land use for the time period 1950 to 2012 U.S. national categorical mapping of building heights by block group from Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data County fresh-water withdrawal water use allocated to relevant land uses in the United States: 1985 to 2010 Water-quality and streamflow datasets used in Seasonal Kendall trend tests for the Nation’s rivers and streams, 1972-2012 Daily streamflow datasets used to analyze trends in streamflow at sites also analyzed for trends in water quality and ecological condition in the Nation's rivers and streams Watershed boundaries for study sites of the U.S. Geological Survey Surface Water Trends project Disentangling the effects of low pH and metal mixture toxicity on macroinvertebrate diversity: data sets