North wall of Canadian Canyon, south of Gardener, a characteristic canyon wall ending in a promontory that overlooks the plain; the cottonwoods in the middle ground grow only near the stream. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

North wall of Canadian Canyon, south of Gardener, a characteristic canyon wall ending in a promontory that overlooks the plain; the cottonwoods in the middle ground grow only near the stream. Pinon and juniper grow on the dry hillsides. Pierre shale on the lower slopes to right; Trinidad sandstone immediately above; Vermejo formation just left of center; lower part of Raton formation on the high ridge. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 3 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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Relation of the Willow coal bed to other beds where the Vermejo formation is thin. The coal bed here is about 5 feet thick is separated by a few feet of shale from the underlying Trinidad sandstone. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

Relation of the Willow coal bed to other beds where the Vermejo formation is thin. The coal bed here is about 5 feet thick is separated by a few feet of shale from the underlying Trinidad sandstone. The basal conglomerate of the Raton formation rests with uneven base directly on the coal. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 10 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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Part of south rim of Barilla (Barela ) Mesa north of Yankee, shows the uneven surface characteristic of the highest mesa; two sheets of lava, the lower one regularly columnar, the upper one less so, and the dense growth of scrub oak and aspen that covers the slopes of the mesa. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

Part of south rim of Barilla (Barela ) Mesa north of Yankee, shows the uneven surface characteristic of the highest mesa; two sheets of lava, the lower one regularly columnar, the upper one less so, and the dense growth of scrub oak and aspen that covers the slopes of the mesa. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 4 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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Cliff south of Van Houten showing relation of Raton formation to Trinidad sandstone where Vermejo formation is absent.

Cliff south of Van Houten showing relation of Raton formation to Trinidad sandstone where Vermejo formation is absent. The basal conglomerate of the Raton formation rests on Trinidad sandstone.

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Horseshoe and Barilla (Barela) Mesa as seen from Johnson Mesa. Smooth surface of Horseshoe Mesa; edge of the sheet of basalt which caps the mesa, narrow neck connecting Horseshoe Mesa with the higher Barilla Mesa from which the lava capping Horseshoe Mesa was probably extruded; recent landslide on steep slope of the mesa. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

Horseshoe and Barilla (Barela) Mesa as seen from Johnson Mesa. Smooth surface of Horseshoe Mesa; edge of the sheet of basalt which caps the mesa, narrow neck connecting Horseshoe Mesa with the higher Barilla Mesa from which the lava capping Horseshoe Mesa was probably extruded; recent landslide on steep slope of the mesa. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 6 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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East rim of Bartlett Mesa, looking northward toward older higher mesa. Shows the basalt cap of Bartlett Mesa, which lies at and beyond the northern border of the Raton quadrangle; and the outlier of the distant mesa. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

East rim of Bartlett Mesa, looking northward toward older higher mesa. Shows the basalt cap of Bartlett Mesa, which lies at and beyond the northern border of the Raton quadrangle; and the outlier of the distant mesa. In the foreground is the slope of Sugarite Canyon, covered with scrub oak and scatter pines and spruces. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 5 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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Part of the south rim of Johnson Mesa, shows the columnar structure of the basalt exposed in the cross section of a lava stream that flow down an old valley, one side of which appears at the left. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

Part of the south rim of Johnson Mesa, shows the columnar structure of the basalt exposed in the cross section of a lava stream that flow down an old valley, one side of which appears at the left. The trees in the foreground are 20 to 30 feet high. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 8 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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Johnson Mesa as seen from Raton, shows lowlands of the plain, high flat-topped tablelands of the mesa region and smooth brush-covered slopes of the mesas. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

Johnson Mesa as seen from Raton, shows lowlands of the plain, high flat-topped tablelands of the mesa region and smooth brush-covered slopes of the mesas. The plain and the lower part of the mesa slopes are formed on Pierre shale and the precipitous mesa rim is the edge of the basalt sheet that caps the mesa. Under the rim the sandstones of the Raton formation crop out conspicuously at only one place, the formation being covered with brush and slide rock in most places. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 2 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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Towndrow Peak on Johnson Mesa, from the south. The peak consists of younger andesitic lava which overlies the basalt sheet that forms the flat surface of the mesa in the foreground. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

Towndrow Peak on Johnson Mesa, from the south. The peak consists of younger andesitic lava which overlies the basalt sheet that forms the flat surface of the mesa in the foreground. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 7 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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North wall of Schomburg canyon; Trinidad sandstone overlain by shale and Willow coal bed, 8 feet thick of the Vermejo formation, on which rests unconformably the basal conglomerate of the Raton formation. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922.

North wall of Schomburg canyon; Trinidad sandstone overlain by shale and Willow coal bed, 8 feet thick of the Vermejo formation, on which rests unconformably the basal conglomerate of the Raton formation. Colfax County, New Mexico. 1922. Plate 9 in U.S. Geological Survey. Folio 214. 1922.

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