Filters: Tags: Nitrogen Cycling (X)
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This data set consists of monthly averages of soil and litter properties. Rows are grouped in the following order: year, month, vegetation type, plot ID. Within a single month five plots were sampled within each of the 2 vegetation types (10 plots total). Columns F+ represent individual measurements.
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Mississippi River,
Nitrogen cycling,
Pool 8,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Upper Mississippi River,
1. Plant carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) inputs to soil interact with microbes and abiotic factors like climate and pH to influence soil fertility and plant productivity. Although root exudates and root litter are important factors affecting the cycling of nutrients critical to plant growth, many studies remain focused on effects of above-ground litter inputs. 2. Using two species that co-dominate alpine moist meadows as a model system (the phenolic-rich forb Geum rossii, and the fast-growing grass Deschampsia caespitosa), we asked whether C from G. rossii fine roots could reduce D. caespitosa growth. We hypothesized that root C would indirectly reduce D. caespitosa growth by stimulating soil microbes, thus restricting...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Journal of Ecology,
allelopathy,
nitrogen cycling,
plant growth,
plant secondary compounds,
Phosphorus (P) has been proposed to directly limit primary productivity in some temperate grassland ecosystems. Our study of a recovering prairie on Colorado's Front Range suggests that P availability, possibly via regulation of nitrogen (N) fixation, may strongly influence N availability in recovering prairie soils. Consequently, increased P availability could indirectly affect plant growth through the alleviation of N limitation. At our site, concentrations of soil inorganic N were nearly three times higher in plots fertilized with P than in control plots. Subsequent acetylene reduction analyses showed that soil N fixation rates were more than double for P fertilization plots. These results highlight potential...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Applied Soil Ecology,
fertilization,
nitrogen cycling,
nitrogen fixation,
nutrient limitation,
Evaluate the hydrologic and geochemical processes that control nitrate fluxes in agricultural settings. Important questions remain about the overall regional and global importance of groundwater nitrogen fluxes, denitrification (microbial reduction of NO 3 − to N 2), and the sources of electron donors contributing to this microbial reaction. Studies are needed that apply robust methods for measuring nitrogen fluxes and denitrification among multiple sites to evaluate important factors affecting N fluxes. These results, in combination with novel methods for efficient estimation of fluxes in groundwater, facilitate estimates of N fluxes in across large regions such as the Corn Belt. Quantify the effects of complex...
Categories: Project;
Tags: Contaminants,
Groundwater Flow and Transport,
Groundwater-Surface Water Interactions,
Nitrogen Cycling,
Nutrients
Humic substances are the predominant form of natural organic matter (NOM) in soil and water and comprise the major pools of biologically refractory organic carbon and nitrogen in the biosphere. Humic substances play a role in almost all geochemical processes affecting soil and water. Knowledge of the formation and mineralization pathways of soil and aquatic humic substances is therefore critical to an understanding of the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, and climate change. Humic substances act as electron donor-acceptor systems and thus participate in oxidation –reduction processes with transition metal ions and biological systems in soil and water environments. Chlorination and chloramination of...
The forest-alpine tundra ecotone in the Front Range of Colorado typically occurs as a gradual transition from the treeless tundra to the closed canopy coniferous subalpine forest. We evaluated the patterns of snow, deposition inputs, and soil properties at three spatial scales: across the entire ecotone, with distance from tree limit in the transitional krummholz zone, and around individual trees. Snow depth was deepest in the krummholz zone and lowest in the alpine tundra and upwind of trees near tree limit, but was not predictive of most soil properties except for surface litter decomposition. Inorganic deposition ranged from 0.7 to 7.7 g m−2 yr−1 across the ecotone and tended to be higher downwind than upwind...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: American Geophysical Union,
Colorado Front Range,
Journal of Geophysical Research,
Niwot Ridge,
dust deposition,
To study the mechanisms, pathways, and rates of transformation of carbon and nitrogen compounds (natural and contaminant) mediated by microorganisms in aquatic habitats and identify factors controlling these transformations and to examine the effect that these transformations have upon other biogeochemical processes.
Categories: Project;
Tags: Carbon Cycling and Sequestration,
Ecology,
Microbiology (Activity and Transport),
Nitrogen Cycling
We studied the impacts of using cattle grazing or prescribed fire to manage remnant prairies on plant communities and soil characteristics in the prairie parkland province of western Minnesota. These datasets consist of nested frequency plot plant survey data, study site and soil characteristics, and management information taken from 73 sites owned and managed by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, The Nature Conservancy and private land owners. Because management effects can take many years to become evident, we evaluated response variables on remnant prairies that had been subject to either fire or grazing for at least 10 years prior to our surveys, between 2005-2015.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Carbon sequestration,
Cattle grazing,
Grassland management,
Minnesota,
Prescribed fires,
The growing awareness that plants might use a variety of nitrogen (N) forms, both organic and inorganic, has raised questions about the role of resource partitioning in plant communities. It has been proposed that coexisting plant species might be able to partition a limited N pool, thereby avoiding competition for resources, through the uptake of different chemical forms of N. In this study, we used in situ stable isotope labeling techniques to assess whether coexisting plant species of a temperate grassland (England, UK) display preferences for different chemical forms of N, including inorganic N and a range of amino acids of varying complexity. We also tested whether plants and soil microbes differ in their preference...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Ecology,
amino acids,
grassland,
microbial biomass,
nitrogen cycling,
Microbiotic crusts are biological soil crusts composed of lichens, cyanobacteria, algae, mosses, and fungi. The biodiversity of these crusts is poorly understood; several cosmopolitan species dominate in most areas, but many species are confined to one or a few sites. Nitrogen fixation by organisms within the crust can be the dominant source of nitrogen input into many ecosystems, although rates of nitrogen input are limited by water availability, temperature, and nitrogen loss from the crust. Photosynthetic rates of the microbiotic crust can be 50% of those observed for higher plants, but the contribution of crusts to carbon cycling is not known. The microbiotic crust binds soil particles together, and this significantly...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,
arid lands,
biodiversity,
carbon cycling,
ecosystem stability,
Microbiotic crusts are biological soil crusts composed of lichens, cyanobacteria, algae, mosses, and fungi. The biodiversity of these crusts is poorly understood; several cosmopolitan species dominate in most areas, but many species are confined to one or a few sites. Nitrogen fixation by organisms within the crust can be the dominant source of nitrogen input into many ecosystems, although rates of nitrogen input are limited by water availability, temperature, and nitrogen loss from the crust. Photosynthetic rates of the microbiotic crust can be 50% of those observed for higher plants, but the contribution of crusts to carbon cycling is not known. The microbiotic crust binds soil particles together, and this significantly...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Critical Reviews in Plant Sciences,
arid lands,
biodiversity,
carbon cycling,
ecosystem stability,
The growing awareness that plants might use a variety of nitrogen (N) forms, both organic and inorganic, has raised questions about the role of resource partitioning in plant communities. It has been proposed that coexisting plant species might be able to partition a limited N pool, thereby avoiding competition for resources, through the uptake of different chemical forms of N. In this study, we used in situ stable isotope labeling techniques to assess whether coexisting plant species of a temperate grassland (England, UK) display preferences for different chemical forms of N, including inorganic N and a range of amino acids of varying complexity. We also tested whether plants and soil microbes differ in their preference...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Ecology,
amino acids,
grassland,
microbial biomass,
nitrogen cycling,
Conclusions: Prescribed burns did not supply the stream ecosystem with potentially important nutrient pulses that are often observed after wildfires. Prescribing higher severity burns to more closely mimic wildfires would enhance N cycling in productivity in N-limited headwater watersheds. Thresholds/Learnings: Synopsis: This study aimed to compare the short-term effects of spring prescribed burns and wildfires on Nitrogen cycling dynamics in headwater watersheds of central Idaho. Fire affected N dynamics in both terrestrial and aquatic components of the watershed ecosystem after wildfires but were limited to the terrestrial ecosystem after prescribed burns. Streamwater NO3 concentrations were affected significantly...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Ecosystem,
Idaho,
Idaho Batholith,
Land use configuration,
Nitrogen Cycling,
These datasets provide information on soil properties, plant species cover, and soil surface elevation in a tidal wetland and a managed impounded wetland in northern Suisun Marsh, California, USA. These data support the following publication: Jones, S.F., Schutte, C.A., Roberts, B.J. and Thorne, K.M., 2022. Seasonal impoundment management reduces nitrogen cycling but not resilience to surface fire in a tidal wetland. Journal of environmental management, 303, p.114153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114153.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Antioch Dunes,
Botany,
California,
Soil Sciences,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
These data were compiled to understand the responses of dryland ecosystem properties to long-term simulated atmospheric nitrogen deposition. Objective(s) of our study were to uncover any changes in soil biogeochemistry and ecosystem properties to long-term nitrogen amendments. These data represent ecosystem property data compiled over the nine-year history of a nitrogen deposition simulation experiment. These data were collected from three sites representing a gradient of soil texture in Arches National Park. Data collection began in 2013 and continued through 2019, though metrics were collected at a range of intervals within that timeframe. These data were collected by U.S. Geological Survey field technicians using...
This data set consists of soil properties and extracellular enzymes activities measured during 2014.
Categories: Data;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: Navigation Pool 8,
Nitrogen cycling,
Phalaris arundinacea,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Upper Mississippi River,
The overall objective of this project is to determine the nature of natural organic carbon and organic nitrogen during its biogeochemical cycling through the environment and its interactions with anthropogenic compounds. Emerging techniques in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and other means will be used to gain new insights into dominant processes responsible for fate, transport, and reactivity. Field- and laboratory-based experiments will enable direct application to current environmental problems such as disinfection byproduct formation potential, long-term effects of forest fires, and sustainability of agricultural soils. The chemical,...
Categories: Project;
Tags: Carbon Cycling and Sequestration,
Contaminants,
Nitrogen Cycling,
Organic Compounds
We tested the hypothesis that decomposition in flood-inundated patches of riparian tree leaf litter results in higher plant-available nitrogen in underlying, nutrient-poor alluvium. We used leafpacks (n=56) containing cottonwood (Populus deltoides ssp. wislizenii) leaf litter to mimic natural accumulations of leaves in an experiment conducted on the Yampa River floodplain in semi-arid northwestern Colorado, USA. One-half of the leafpacks were set on the sandy alluvial surface, and one-half were buried 5 cm below the surface. The presence of NO3? and NH4+ presumed to result from a leafpack?s submergence during the predictable spring flood pulse was assessed using an ion-exchange resin bag (IER) placed beneath each...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Populus deltoides wislizenii,
Springer Netherlands,
Wetlands,
decomposition,
flood regime,
Experimentally increasing atmospheric CO2 often stimulates plant growth and ecosystem carbon (C) uptake. Biogeochemical theory predicts that these initial responses will immobilize nitrogen (N) in plant biomass and soil organic matter, causing N availability to plants to decline, and reducing the long-term CO2-stimulation of C storage in N limited ecosystems. While many experiments have examined changes in N cycling in response to elevated CO2, empirical tests of this theoretical prediction are scarce. During seven years of postfire recovery in a scrub oak ecosystem, elevated CO2 initially increased plant N accumulation and plant uptake of tracer 15N, peaking after four years of CO2 enrichment. Between years four...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: 15N,
Ecology,
nitrogen cycling,
progressive nitrogen limitation,
rising atmospheric CO2
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