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Five alcoves (rock shelters) in the Forty-Mile Canyon—Willow Gulch area of the Escalante River Basin in southeastern Utah yielded rich deposits of late Quaternary macrobotanical remains. The deposits were sampled and the contents identified in order to construct a chronology of vegetational change. Fourteen radiocarbon dates indicate that the fossils were deposited between 12,690 and 7510 yr B.P. (years before present). Ninety-one plant taxa were identified, 62 to species. Six species were common to all alcoves: Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii), box-elder (Acer negundo), prickly pear (Opuntia subgenus Platyopuntia), skunkbush (Rhus aromatica var. trilobata), serviceberry (Amelanchier utahensis), and Indian ricegrass...
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The importance of efficaciously assessing the risk for introduction and establishment of pest species is an increasingly important ecological and economic issue. Evaluation of climate is fundamental to determining the potential success of an introduced or invasive insect pest. However, evaluating climatic suitability poses substantial difficulties; climate can be measured and assessed in a bewildering array of ways. Some physiological filter, in essence a lens that focuses climate through the requirements and constraints of a potential pest introduction, is required. Difficulties in assessing climate suitability are further exacerbated by the effects of climate change. Gypsy moth (Lymantria dispar L.) is an exotic,...
The recovery plan for the Mexican spotted owl (Strix occidentalis lucida) recommended protection of owl nesting and roosting habitat. Descriptions of rnicrohabitat (less than or equal to-0.04 ha) characteristics associated with suitable nesting sites have been limited for the area of pine-oak forest occupied by this species in Arizona, USA. Therefore, we studied Mexican spotted owl habitat on a 585-km(2) study area on the Coconino Plateau near Flagstaff, Arizona. Mexican spotted owls nested primarily in mature (greater than or equal to45.7-cm diameter at breast height dbh) Gambel oak (Quercus gambelii; 40%) and ponderosa pine (Pines ponderosa; 37%) trees. We examined a plausible set of a priori models using both...
    map background search result map search result map Risk assessment in the face of a changing environment: gypsy moth and climate change in Utah. Risk assessment in the face of a changing environment: gypsy moth and climate change in Utah.