Filters: Tags: Organic compounds (X)
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Much work has been done to track spilled oil and study its fate and its effect on the environment. Our studies involved developing and applying methods to identify and track spilled oil as it weathers, as well as to differentiate it from other petrogenic hydrocarbon input sources, as well as differentiating petrogenic sources. This work in identifying petroleum sources, both natural and anthropogenic, has a great deal of transfer value to other estuarine systems.
Organic substances in streams affect the water quality and uses of the water. To determine the effect of organic substances on water quality, the physical, chemical, and biological processes involved in the transport and degradation of these substances must be understood. Procedures for measuring or estimating the rate coefficients describing these processes must be developed. Models using these coefficients must then be developed for predicting the fate of organic substances in streams and their effect on water quality. Project objectives are: (1) to study the fundamentals of volatilization, dispersion, and sorption on sediments of organic substances in water; (2) to develop sub-models of these processes including...
Categories: Project;
Tags: Organic Compounds
Humic substances are the predominant form of natural organic matter (NOM) in soil and water and comprise the major pools of biologically refractory organic carbon and nitrogen in the biosphere. Humic substances play a role in almost all geochemical processes affecting soil and water. Knowledge of the formation and mineralization pathways of soil and aquatic humic substances is therefore critical to an understanding of the biogeochemical cycles of carbon and nitrogen, and climate change. Humic substances act as electron donor-acceptor systems and thus participate in oxidation –reduction processes with transition metal ions and biological systems in soil and water environments. Chlorination and chloramination of...
As part of the Navajo-Gallup Water Supply Project, the Bureau of Reclamation was tasked with design and construction of infrastructure to treat and deliver potable water to the communities of Navajo Nation, parts of the Jicarilla Apache Nation, and City of Gallup. The Bureau of Reclamation has been evaluating the Public Service Company of New Mexico's (PNM) San Juan Generating Station (SJGS) reservoir as a possible water storage and sediment settling basin for the Navajo-Gallup Water Supply Project. The U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), in cooperation with the Bureau of Reclamation, was tasked with collecting reservoir sediment cores and pore water from SJGS reservoir. This data release contains reservoir sediment...
This dataset contains results for samples collected at stormwater basins across the United States to assess the potential contaminant pathways of these basins to surface water and groundwater. Sample sites were in stormwater conveyance infrastructure that discharged mixed stormwater runoff from buildings, parking lots, roads, and other infrastructure in residential, commercial, and industrial landscapes prior to surface-water discharge or groundwater infiltration. Stormwater basins draining various types of urban environments, and of various drainage areas, were selected and sampled during storm events. The associated report (Masoner and others, 2019) can be found at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.9b02867. A total...
Aquatic humic substances and other classes of dissolved organic material present in natural waters can control the biogeochemistry of trace metals and other solutes and can influence ecological processes in lakes and streams. The nature and reactivity of the dissolved organic material is in turn influenced by biological, chemical, and physical processes occurring in the aquatic environment. Recent advances in isolating and characterizing different fractions of the dissoloved organic carbon (DOC) and in measuring rates of microbial processes can be used to advance the understanding of the dynamic relationship between aquatic biota and dissolved organic material and trace metals in different environments. Project...
The U.S. Geological Survey, in cooperation with the North Carolina Turnpike Authority, conducted a study to establish baseline water-quality conditions and bed-sediment chemistry in Currituck Sound, North Carolina, prior to construction of the Mid-Currituck Bridge. This Data Release contains the associated data described in the Open-File Report, “Characterization of Water-Quality and Bed-Sediment Conditions in Currituck Sound, North Carolina, Prior to the Mid-Currituck Bridge Construction, 2011-18”. These datasets contain information on analytical constituents measured in samples, surface-water environmental and quality-assurance sample results, bed-sediment environmental and quality-assurance sample results, phytoplankton...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Currituck County,
North Carolina,
bed sediment,
inorganic compounds,
organic compounds
The Ogallala aquifer is contained in the Tertiary-age Ogallala Formation in the Texas Panhandle and is the primary water-bearing hydrogeologic unit of the High Plains aquifer system. The Ogallala aquifer is the primary source of water used for agricultural and municipal purposes in the Texas Panhandle. The Dockum aquifer is contained in the formations that compose the Triassic-age Dockum Group and serves as an additional source of water in the Texas Panhandle. Depth to groundwater measurements and water-quality samples were collected from 32 monitoring wells in the North Plains Groundwater Conservation District management area within the northern part of the Texas Panhandle as part of two synoptic sampling efforts,...
I conduct research on the transport and fate of organic contaminants in aquatic systems (terrestrial and marine). This entails field investigations and laboratory experiments that are designed to advance our understanding of natural processes and the effects of these processes on the behavior, mobility, and geochemical fate of organic chemicals of concern. I develop and apply new sampling and analytical techniques, identify potential molecular tracers, and develop models to predict contaminant fate. The laboratory I supervise houses analytical instrumentation that is used for detailed characterization of complex mixtures of organic chemicals as well as quantitative determination of targeted substances at ultra-trace...
Concentration and quality assurance results for organic compounds and bioassay endocrine activity results analyzed at the U.S. Geological Survey National Water Quality Laboratory, Denver, Colorado, Organic Chemistry Research Laboratory, Sacramento, California, the Organic Geochemistry Research Laboratory, Lawrence, Kansas, and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Public Health and Environmental Assessment, Public Health and Integrated Toxicology Division, Durham, North Carolina, for the 2019 tapwater study conducted in North Dakota and South Dakota, USA. This project is part of the U.S. Geological Survey, Ecosystems Mission Area, Environmental Health Water and...
This digital dataset contains historical geochemical and other information for 100 samples of groundwater from 71 wells located within 3 miles of the Poso Creek Oil Field in Kern County, California. An additional 12 wells in the Poso Creek study area, but co-located within 3 miles of the adjacent Rosedale and Rosedale Ranch Oil Fields, were not included in this data release; these data are planned for a future data release associated with those fields. The sampled wells include water-supply wells used primarily for domestic, irrigation, and industrial uses. Numerical water chemistry data were compiled from two data sources: 1) Kern County Public Health Services Department (KCPHSD) PDF (Portable Document Format)...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Kern County,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
environment,
The overall objective of this project is to determine the role of chemical processes associated with dissolved organic carbon (DOC) on the transport and reactivity of both naturally occurring and anthropogenic compounds. Defining the roles of DOC in environmental and geochemical processes is critical to understanding the nature and quality of the Nation’s water resources, and is important for future management of these resources. This field of study has increased in relevancy as numerous environmental problems have been linked to processes involving organic matter. My project attempts to meet these needs by focusing on the chemical mechanisms controlling the fate, transport, and reactivity of naturally occurring...
Many persistent organic compounds are hazardous to human and ecological health. The transport characteristics of these compounds across environmental phases are strongly influenced by adsorption and partition interactions with the individual phases. Quantification of process rates and partition constants of organic pollutants in air, water, soil, and biota is an important step in defining the level of organic contaminants in environmental systems and their potential impact on environmental quality. Project objectives are to delineate and quantify processes affecting the movement and distribution of persistent organic compounds in hydrogeologic systems. Specifically: (1) determine the sorptive capacity of soil and...
Delineate and quantify processes affecting the movement and distribution of pollutants in hydrogeologic systems. (1) Determine the sorptive capacity of soil and sediment for compounds of interest that are dissolved in water; (2) identify the roles of soil and sediment organic matter and mineral components in sorption of pollutants; (3) examine the interaction of natural organic matter with mineral surfaces and its consequent effect on sorption of compounds of interest; (4) characterize the effect of dissolved organic matter on the solubility and mobility of organic contaminants in natural water; and (5) determine the characteristics of pyrogenic soil components (black carbon) and its effects on fate and transport...
This digital dataset contains historical geochemical and other information for 45 samples of produced water from 38 sites in the Placerita and Newhall Oil Fields in Los Angeles County, southern California. Produced water is a term used in the oil industry to describe water that is produced from oil wells as a byproduct along with the oil and gas. The locations from which these historical samples have been collected include 17 wells, 6 storage tanks, and 15 unidentifiable sample sources. Well depth, perforation depths, and (or) depths referred to on geochemistry reports as interval of zone produced, are available for all 17 wells. Designated well use and sample descriptions provide further insight about what the...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Los Angeles County,
environment,
geochemistry,
geoscientificInformation,
inorganic constituents,
There is a general lack of knowledge of fundamental processes governing the fate and transport of anthropogenic organic compounds in surface and ground waters. Interactions of organic contaminants with natural organic coatings on sediments and aquifer porous media are not well understood. Furthermore, abiotic and biological transformations of organic contaminants in surface and ground waters require extensive fundamental investigations if their effects on Water Quality are to be understood. Objectives are to (1) determine physicochemical and biological processes, controlling the fate and transport of organic compounds in surface and ground waters; (2) determine bioavailability of hydrophobic organic contaminants...
Categories: Project;
Tags: Groundwater Flow and Transport,
Organic Compounds,
Surface-Water Transport and Reactions
This dataset contains results for treated wastewater samples collected at food processing facilities across the United States to characterize the potential contaminant profile of this type of wastewater. The associated report (Hubbard and others, 2021) can be found at https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.1c06821. Samples were analyzed by USGS laboratories using 10 target organic (576 unique analytes), 13 inorganic (32 unique analytes), and 18 microbial (15 bacterial groups) methods. The sampling site descriptions, analytical method descriptions, sample detection result determinations, and quality control data are provided within the tables and metadata of this data release.
Categories: Data;
Tags: Aquatic Biology,
Environmental Health,
PFAS,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
The overall objective of this project is to determine the nature of natural organic carbon and organic nitrogen during its biogeochemical cycling through the environment and its interactions with anthropogenic compounds. Emerging techniques in liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry, infrared spectroscopy and other means will be used to gain new insights into dominant processes responsible for fate, transport, and reactivity. Field- and laboratory-based experiments will enable direct application to current environmental problems such as disinfection byproduct formation potential, long-term effects of forest fires, and sustainability of agricultural soils. The chemical,...
Categories: Project;
Tags: Carbon Cycling and Sequestration,
Contaminants,
Nitrogen Cycling,
Organic Compounds
Natural organic polyelectrolytes are highly active materials that are present in practically all natural water systems. They interact with both organic and inorganic pollutants and nutrients, influencing, and in many instances, controlling the toxicity, rate of movement, persistence and rate of degradation of the pollutants and nutrients in aquatic environments. Detailed knowledge of the chemistry of natural organic polyelectrolytes is therefore of primary importance in understanding the chemical changes that affect all of the components of natural water systems. Organic polyelectrolytes are partially eliminated from drinking water by coagulation and chlorination; however, the products of chlorination are not known....
Degradation of organic material produces organic compounds that both alter the quality of water and affect the inorganic reactions. The hydrogeologic controls on organic-inorganic reactions, their rate, and progress are not well understood. This project focuses on the occurrence and fate of organic compounds in (1) contaminant aquifers, (2) soils, and (3) lake sediments. Project objectives are to increase our understanding of reactions involving organic matter and to evaluate the significance of these reactions in geochemical studies. Of particular interest are: identifying organic and inorganic compounds that are present as a result of the degradation of organic material; studying the interaction of organic compounds...
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