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Abstract (from http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2013JD021322/abstract): Trends in downwelling global solar irradiance were evaluated at high-elevation sites on the island of Maui, Hawai‘i. Departures from monthly means were assessed for the 6 month Hawaiian wet and dry seasons over the period 1988 to 2012. Linear regression analysis was used to characterize trends in each season. For the dry season (May–October), statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05) positive trends of 9–18 W m−2 (3–6%) per decade were found at all four high-elevation stations tested. Wet season trends were not significant, except at the highest-elevation station, which had a significant negative trend. No consistent trends in aerosol concentrations...
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The purpose of this study was to record nearshore current patterns as witnessed and experienced by ocean users living in the greater Hilo area of Hawai'i Island, Hawai'i. This study relied on ocean-expert knowledge gained from place-based first-hand work and lifestyle experience. The ocean-experts were categorized as fisher, paddler, sailor, surfers, or others. The interviews were collected during 2014-2015, with prototype interviews collected in 2009. During the interview the ocean-expert was asked to select the appropriate map scale for their area of expertise (1:5000, 1:20,000, 1:40,000, or 1:100,000) and to describe and draw the nearshore currents. Sixteen of the interviewees visually documented on hard copy...
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Taken from the DMP: "Georeferencing of plots and determination of site conditions using GIS. Accuracy of plot abundance values assessed with vegetation maps, satellite imagery, and expert consultation. Ten native and five invasive species of trees, shrubs and ferns were selected based on their potential ecological importance in communities, as well as how much field data was available to analyze for this study. For baseline climate condition variables, we used surface temperature and rainfall estimates (30 year baseline period, 1978–2007) developed by Giambelluca et al. (2013) with grid cell resolution of 250m. To estimate climate change responses, we used future projected climate variables developed by the International...
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This data was collected to estimate coastal exposure and vulnerability index for rapid decision-making. The dataset identifies coastal regions exposed to climatic changes and prioritizing beaches for restoration goals using various models and indices including: the output of SWAN (Simulating waves nearshore) model, the geomorphology of the coastline of the State of Hawaiʻi based on Environmental Sensitivity Index, an index for identifying coastal regions protected by attenuation capabilities of corals from climatic forcings, the use of linking bathymetry (Multibeam Bathymetry Synthesis - UH SOEST) and Digital Elevation Model (NOAA - IfSAR) of topography for the State of Hawaiʻi, the status of coral reefs using the...
As one of the lowest-lying island nation states in the world, the Republic of the Marshall Islands is vulnerable to sea level rise, flooding and the associated impacts on soil and water salinity. Persistent drought is further affecting agricultural production and access to drinking water, and heat stress is increasingly common. The number of Marshallese people residing in the USA has increased rapidly from 6650 in 2000 to an estimated 30,000 in 2018. While we know that climate change is already affecting the Marshall Islands and that there are significant migration flows, we do not know to what extent people already migrate because of climate change. This paper addresses this gap and presents findings from interdisciplinary...
Website intended for use by agricultural extension agents in the Marshall Islands. The website is also a "dashboard" insofar as it automatically updates displays of weather and climate information at least monthly, drawing from the "Marshall Islands Climate Outlook" (blue website) and National Weather Service ENSO Alert System. Multiple tabs lead to pages encompassing short, medium and long-term weather and climate information, and agroforestry recommendations varying by ENSO status. Extension summaries with text, figures and photos. Prepared in English with some translation into Marshallese. Specifically, best management practices (with specific recommendations), and case studies (to share information and experience...
[In English: Migration in the Marshall Islands, climate change and the role of ecosystem services. By Brittany Lauren Wheeler on behalf of the “Climate and Migration in the Marshall Islands ” Project.]
This final report is for the Pacific Islands-funded project "21st Century High-Resolution Climate Projections for Guam and American Samoa". We provide the projected fine-resolution future climate changes over Guam and American Samoa by the late 21st century (2080-2099) with both a high emissions scenario (RCP8.5) and a medium emission scenario (RCP4.5). We show that the surface air temperature (SAT) over Guam is likely to increase by 1.5 – 2.0 °C for RCP4.5 and by 3.0 – 3.5 °C for RCP8.5, while the projected SAT increases over American Samoa are slightly smaller. The projected annual mean future rainfall changes for Guam are not statistically significant in any location in either the RCP4.5 or RCP8.5 scenarios....
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Palau’s Jellyfish Lake, locally known as Ongeim’l Tketau (OTM), is an iconic tourism site and an important area of biodiversity. This landlocked marine lake is part of the Rock Island Southern Lagoon UNESCO World Heritage Site, representing an expression of Palauan national pride, and has brought in millions of dollars to the local Koror State economy. OTM is also home to the unique Golden jellyfish, Mastigias papua etpisoni, a subspecies found nowhere else in the world. Populations of the Golden jellyfish within OTM have fluctuated extensively over past decades, with numbers sometimes hovering around a high of 30 million to periods of total population collapse that can last for multiple years. Scientific monitoring...
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Climate change in Hawaiʻi is expected to result in increasing temperatures and varying precipitation through the twenty-first century. Already, high elevation areas have experienced rapidly increasing temperatures and there has been an increase in the frequency of drought across the Islands. These climatic changes could have significant impacts on Hawaiʻi’s plants and animals. Changes in temperature and moisture may make current habitat no longer suitable for some species, and could allow invasive species to spread into new areas. Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park is home to 23 species of endangered vascular plants and 15 species of endangered trees. Understanding how climate change may impact the park’s plants...
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Coral reef ecosystems serve as natural coastal defenses, support local island economies, and are important sources of food for coastal communities. However, an increase in coral bleaching events, and the associated declines of coral cover and diversity, are highly likely as sea surface temperatures continue to rise. Multiple coral bleaching events between 2013 and 2017 have already impacted the reefs of Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, resulting in the loss of more than a third of shallow living-coral cover, with some species groups experiencing greater than 90% mortality. This devastating series of bleaching events strengthened existing partnerships between federal and local agencies and...
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Some areas of the U.S. Affiliated Pacific Islands (USAPI) are experiencing a decline in precipitation and streamflow and an increase in the number of severe droughts. These changes can have wide-reaching implications, affecting the water supply, native vegetation and wildlife, wildfire patterns, and the spread of invasive species. As ecosystems become altered by invasive species and as particularly hotter, more variable climates emerge, it is critical that scientists produce locally relevant, timely, and actionable science products for managers to prepare for and cope with the impacts of drought. Simultaneously, it is important that managers are able to both access this information and shape the types of data products...
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Globally, shorelines provide a vital defense system against extreme weather and erosion events and are a critical public and cultural resource. Within the state of Hawaiʻi, coastal vulnerability and historic change has been well documented and studied on the Islands of Oʻahu, Maui, and Kauaʻi, but this has not been done for the Island of Hawaiʻi, the largest and most diverse island in the Hawaiian archipelago. For example, Hurricane Lane caused major flooding and coastal erosion on Hawaiʻi Island in 2018, but no comprehensive baseline shoreline dataset exists to document and quantify the changes it caused. To help fill this knowledge gap, this study aims to create a shoreline inventory of the entire coastline...
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Coral reefs are critical providers of food, economic opportunity, and cultural value in the Pacific Islands. Coral bleaching events, driven by extreme water temperatures, jeopardize reefs’ ability to continue providing these services. Climate change is increasing the frequency and intensity of marine heat waves leading to bleaching events, reducing the amount of time for full recovery, and increasing the chances of permanent damage to reefs. Reef managers urgently need strategies that will improve reef resilience, increasing the reefs’ ability to withstand harsh conditions or recover quickly after damage. Example strategies include restoring coral in areas with good conditions for coral survival, protecting naturally...
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Hawaiʻi is often referred to as the endangered species capital of the world, with hundreds of species at risk. While Hawaiian forest birds have garnered attention in the global conservation community as they face imminent extinction due to climate change, climate also poses serious challenges to hundreds of other Hawaiian species. Although traditional recovery plans provide meaningful guidance to managers, it is impractical and inefficient to work across multiple individual plans for hundreds of species at risk when the species, threats, and conservation actions overlap in complex ways. Until recently, a structured approach to aid the scaling-up of such conservation efforts across multiple species was not available....
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The Hawaiian Islands are home to many people and host a rich diversity of unique plant and animal life, but they are especially vulnerable to the effects of climate change because of their small size, geographical remoteness, and exposure to threats such as sea-level rise and increased storm surge. Developing predictions of future conditions is often the first step in helping decision makers and communities plan for change. However, to date, available global climate models have been too coarse in resolution to be useful for planning in the context of small, isolated islands. This project produced very high resolution climate projections for the Hawaiian islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i, providing information on key variables...
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Changing climate conditions could have significant impacts on wildlife health. Shifts in temperature and precipitation may directly affect the occurrence of disease in fish and wildlife by altering their interactions with pathogens (such as the bacterium that causes Lyme disease), helping vectors like mosquitoes and ticks expand their range, or speeding up the time it takes for a parasite to develop from an egg to an adult. Climate change can also indirectly affect the health of fish and wildlife as their habitats change. For example, reduced food availability could lead to overcrowding and increased disease transmission, or warmer temperatures might increase stress levels, weakening immune systems and making animals...
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The UAV imagery was collected by the Hawaii Coastal Geology Group of the University of Hawai'i, Manoa in August of 2017 for USGS. The UAV model is Phantom 4 with the camera model FC6310. The UAV was flown 90 meters above sea level at site Rita and 100 meters above sea level at site AIPA.
This project snapshot provides a brief overview of the project "21st Century High-Resolution Climate Projections for Guam and American Samoa".
Abstract (from USGS): Climate change is expected to alter the seasonal and annual patterns of rainfall and temperature in the Hawaiian Islands. Land managers and other responsible agencies will need to know how plant-species habitats will change over the next century in order to manage these resources effectively. This issue is a major concern for resource managers at Hawai‘i Volcanoes National Park (HAVO), where currently managed Special Ecological Areas (SEAs) for important plant species and communities may no longer provide suitable habitats in the future as the climate changes. Expanding invasive-species distributions also may pose a threat to areas where native plants currently predominate. The objective of...
map background search result map search result map Very High Resolution Climate Projections for the Islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i Assessing the Potential Effects of Climate Change on Vegetation in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park Climate Change Atlas ‐ Dominant vegetation in the Hawaiian Islands Qualitatively Observed Nearshore Ocean Currents, 2014-15, Hilo, Hawai'i Majuro UAV data Synthesizing Climate Change Impacts on Wildlife Health and Identifying Adaptation Strategies A decision-support tool to help local managers protect coral reefs in Hawaiʻi Climate Change, Variability, and Drought in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands – Working with Managers to Mitigate the Impacts of Drought and Wildfire Using Cutting-Edge Technology to Assess Coral Reef Bleaching Events and Recovery Rates in Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Generating a Shoreline Inventory for Hawai‘i Island to Increase Resilience in the Face of Rising Sea Levels Identifying Locations for Coral Reef Climate Resilience Applying a Novel Spatial Prioritization Technique to Support Climate Resilient Conservation Planning for the Recovery of 300 Endangered and At Risk Species in Maui Nui Forecasting the Future of Ongeim’l Tketau (Jellyfish Lake), Palau in a Changing Climate Forecasting the Future of Ongeim’l Tketau (Jellyfish Lake), Palau in a Changing Climate Majuro UAV data Assessing the Potential Effects of Climate Change on Vegetation in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park Qualitatively Observed Nearshore Ocean Currents, 2014-15, Hilo, Hawai'i Very High Resolution Climate Projections for the Islands of O‘ahu and Kaua‘i Using Cutting-Edge Technology to Assess Coral Reef Bleaching Events and Recovery Rates in Guam and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands Climate Change Atlas ‐ Dominant vegetation in the Hawaiian Islands A decision-support tool to help local managers protect coral reefs in Hawaiʻi Generating a Shoreline Inventory for Hawai‘i Island to Increase Resilience in the Face of Rising Sea Levels Applying a Novel Spatial Prioritization Technique to Support Climate Resilient Conservation Planning for the Recovery of 300 Endangered and At Risk Species in Maui Nui Climate Change, Variability, and Drought in the U.S.-Affiliated Pacific Islands – Working with Managers to Mitigate the Impacts of Drought and Wildfire Identifying Locations for Coral Reef Climate Resilience Synthesizing Climate Change Impacts on Wildlife Health and Identifying Adaptation Strategies