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North Cascades National Park, Washington. Glaciers at the head of Luna Creek in Picket Range. This complex of ice patches illustrates the difficulty of counting and classifying individual glaciers. A glacier fed by ice avalanches ends in Luna Lake on the left. Avalanches from the large irregular hanging glacier that clings to the cliffs feed the debris-covered ice upslope from another lake (foreground, right center). A small ice patch fed by snow avalanches lies at the base of the cliffs in right center. September 27, 1960. Plate 3-D, U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 705-A. 1971.
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Photograph illustrating how temporary lakes are caused by periodically surging glaciers: Tikke Glacier at beginning of surge. Tikke Glacier, located north of Glacier Bay, is subject to periodic surges in which the ice suddenly advances several kilometers at approximately 20-year intervals. This view of the glacier was taken when a surge was moving rapidly down the glacier. Lateral valleys to the right of the glacier do not contain lakes: farther up glacier on the left side the fast-moving ice recently has dammed the lateral streams. British Columbia, Canada. August 1965. Published on sheet 3 of U. S. Geological Survey. Hydrologic investigations. Atlas HA-455. 1971.
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Photograph illustrating damage caused by outburst floods: Copper River. Copper River and Northwestern Railway bridge near Chitina being swept away by a major flood. Generally clear, balmy weather prevailed at the time so the flood is judged to have been due to a glacier-dammed lake outburst, probably originating from lakes dammed by Tazlina Glacier. Copper River region. Alaska. August 1932. (Photo by Alaska Department of Highways) Published on sheet 3 in U. S. Geological Survey. Hydrologic investigations. Atlas HA-455. 1971.
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Chickamin Glacier, on the eastern slopes of Dome Peak (2,723 m). This composite valley glacier (left) and slope glacier (right) demonstrates the variations that can take place even in a single ice mass. The tongue at the left has retreated since observations began in 1955, but the terminus on steep cliffs on the right advanced rapidly in the early 1950's and has remained little changed since then. Glacier Peak Wilderness, Skagit County, Washington. September 23, 1965. Published as plate 3-F in U.S. Geological Survey. Professional paper 705-A. 1971.
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Photograph illustrating the variability of glacier-dammed lakes: Blockade Lake in the process of refilling. This lake in the Chigmit Mountains is impounded behind a massive ice dam 15.2 km (9.5 miles) in length formed where Blockade Glacier laterally enters a deep, narrow valley at the far end of the lake. Although the major flow of ice is to the eastern terminus, a portion of the ice flows toward the lake terminating in an ice cliff from which large icebergs are discharged. This lake does not dump annually but large changes in surface level indicate that the ice dam fails every few years causing major floods on McArthur River. Kenai quadrangle, Spurr district, Cook Inlet region, Alaska, cc 1970. Published on sheet...
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Unnamed glacier at the head of May Creek on Jack Mountain (2,721 m). This active glacier is east of the rain shadow formed by the Picket Range. Only small glaciers can be seen on the mountains in the background, many of which exceed 2,700 m in altutude. Pasayten Wilderness, Whatcom County, Washington. September 20, 1966. Published as plate 3-H in U. S. Geological Survey. Professional paper 705-A. 1971.
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Aerial view of glaciated topography in the La Sal Mountains, Note large moraine in center of photograph, numerous cirques and a rock glacier in center of lower left quadrant, Grand and San Juan Counties, Utah. n,d.
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Photograph illustrating how temporary lakes are caused by periodically surging glaciers: Tikke Glacier after the culmination of the surge shown in progress in photo no. 18. The advancing ice has now formed dams blocking both side valleys on the right side of the glacier. Since completing its rapid movement, the glacier has relapsed into near stagnation. The glacier-dammed lakes probably will fill and dump annually until melting removes the ice dams. Tikke Glacier is only one of nearly 200 surging glaciers in Alaska and adjacent Canada which can be expected to form hazardous lakes periodically. British Columbia, Canada. August 1966. Published on sheet 3 in U. S. Geological Survey. Hydrological investigations. Atlas...
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Photograph illustrating the variability of glacier-dammed lakes: Tulsequah Lake nearly drained by outburst flood. Tulsequah Lake, Coast Mountains, located just east of the international boundary in Canada. This lake generally drains catastrophically in late summer. The resulting floods move down the Taku River Valley where a highway connection to Juneau has been proposed. British Columbia, Canada. cc 1970. Published on sheet 3 of U. S. Geological Survey. Hydrologic investigations. Atlas HA-455. 1971.
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North Cascades National Park, Washington. Klawatti (center) and North Klawatti (right) Glaciers, north of Eldorado Peak. These glaciers have exhibited striking and diverse changes in recent years although they are closely adjacent. In 1947, stagnant ice from both glaciers covered the area of Klawatti Lake. At that time Klawatti Glacier ended on the steep cliff which it now descends in a spectacular icefall. Since 1947, the ice in the basin has melted. The lake, now 1 kilometer in length, has formed, and the Klawatti Glacier has advanced down the cliff. Meanwhile the lower part of North Klawatti Glacier has continued to thin. August 2, 1969. Plate 3-B, U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 705-A. 1971.
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Alaska Glaciers. Skilak glacier, showing lateral and subglacial lakes. This ice-dammed lake is located in an embayment between Skilak glacier and an unnamed glacier in the Kenai Mountains. An exposed lake can be seen on the left; the radial pattern of crevasses in the center of the glacier suggests that this ice is raised and lowered by alternate filling and draining of a subglacial lake. Water from this lake created a devastating flood in the Kenai River valley in January 1969. Cook Inlet region, Alaska. On sheet 3 of U.S. Geological Survey. Hydrologic investigations. Atlas HA-455. 1971.
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North Cascades National Park, Washington. Boston Glacier. This largest single glacier in the North Cascades occupies a broad cirque northwest of Buckner Mountain (2,777 meters). Its terminus advanced rapidly between 1950 and 1955, and its area increased 17 percent during this period. September 27, 1960. Plate 3-E, U.S. Geological Survey Professional paper 705-A. 1971.
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White Chuck Glacier, south of Glacier Peak. After retreating 430 m between 1949 and 1967, it is now an example of a nearly stagnent glacier. Its mean altitude is 2.145 m. Glacier Peak Wilderness, Snohomish County, Washington. October 16, 1966. Published as plate 3-G in U. S. Geological Survey. Professional paper 705-A. 1971.
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Typed information on back of photograph: Triumvirate Glacier at south end of the Alaskan Range. Strandline Lake at the upper right edge. Alaska. Photograph by Austin Post, University of Washington. No index card.
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Aerial view of summit of Mount Gerdine at the southern terminus of the Alaska Range. A good example of a glacial cirque at left and ice fall at center right. Skwentna district, Cook Inlet region, Alaska, n.d.
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Photograph illustrating damage caused by outburst floods: Sheep Creek. Bridge at Sheep Creek, same as in photo no. 22, partially buried by debris resulting from a glacier outburst flood from a tiny glacier-dammed lake. Sediment buried much of the willow and alder brush. But as the flood did not carry away the cottonwood trees at the edge of the flood plain this flood could not have been of much greater volume than previous floods. Approximately 3.5 meters (25 feet) depth of debris was deposited at the bridge site: large-scale erosion upstream must have taken place to provide the fill material. Valdez quadrangle, Bremner district, Copper River region, Alaska. September 1945. (Photo by Alaska Department of Highways)...
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Photograph illustrating damage caused by outburst floods: Sheep Creek. Bridge at Sheep Creek, east of Valdez on the Richardson Highway, Dense low willow and alder growing on the flood plain indicate several years without flood activity. But absence of large trees suggests that damaging floods had occurred earlier. Bridge forms a construction in the flood plain. Valdez quadrangle, Bremner district, Copper River region, Alaska. n.d. (Photo by Alaska Department of Highways) Published on sheet 3 in U. S. Geological Survey. Hydrological investigations. Atlas HA-455. 1971.
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Album captin and index card: Photograph illustrating the variability of glacier-dammed lakes: Desolation Valley formation and evolution of two lakes. Two large ice-dammed lakes are in the process of formation in Desolation Valley, Fairweather Range. In the foreground is debris-covered ice with several large longitudinal and concentric crevasses which are attributed to raising and lowering of the ice due to floating. Water is visible along the margins and in the larger crevasses. Between Desolation and Lituya Glaciers (upper center) the ice has recently broken up and a large lake is now clearly visible. The lake partially drains subglacially at intervals to Lituya Bay (middle distance). The recent formation of these...
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Photograph illustrating the effects of an outburst flood due to volcanic activity: changes in glacier on Redoubt Volcano resulting from the eruptions. Steam clouds from the active crater still obsured the summit of the mountain. The ice cascades flowing from the summit crater have been completely destroyed and a large stream of yellowish, debris-laden waterwas rusing down the gorge in its place. Aerial observations in 1967 indicated lowing of the glacier surface level in the crater which suggest that ice melt due to volcanic heat was the principal source of the flood water. Kenai quadrangle, Spurr district, Cook Inlet region, Alaska. August 1966. Published on sheet 3 of U.S. Geological Survey. Hydrological investigations....
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Photograph illustrating damage caused by outburst floods: Nizina River near McCarthy, showing bridge across river before flood. McCarthy quadrangle, Nizina district, Copper region, Alaska. 1933. (Photo by Alaska Department of Highways) Published on sheet 3 in U. S. Geological Survey. Hydrologic investigations. Atlas HA-455. 1971.
map background search result map search result map North Cascades National Park, Washington. Klawatti (center) and North Klawatti (right) Glaciers, north of Eldorado Peak. Glaciers at the head of Luna Creek in Picket Range. North Cascades National Park, Washington. 1960. North Cascades National Park, Washington. Boston Glacier. This largest single glacier in the North Cascades occupies a broad cirque northwest of Buckner Mountain (2,777 meters). 1960. Triumvirate Glacier, at south end of the Alaskan Range. Matanuska-Susitna region, Alaska. n.d. Photograph illustrating the variability of glacier-dammed lakes between Desolation and Lituya Glaciers. Lituya district, Alaska Gulf region, Alaska. North Cascades National Park, Washington. Klawatti (center) and North Klawatti (right) Glaciers, north of Eldorado Peak. Glaciers at the head of Luna Creek in Picket Range. North Cascades National Park, Washington. 1960. North Cascades National Park, Washington. Boston Glacier. This largest single glacier in the North Cascades occupies a broad cirque northwest of Buckner Mountain (2,777 meters). 1960. Triumvirate Glacier, at south end of the Alaskan Range. Matanuska-Susitna region, Alaska. n.d. Photograph illustrating the variability of glacier-dammed lakes between Desolation and Lituya Glaciers. Lituya district, Alaska Gulf region, Alaska.