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Nowhere are the consequences of climate change greater than in the Arctic. The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA, 2004) synthesized the potential impacts of climate change to Arctic ecosystems, including vegetation changes projected for 2100 using the BIOME4 dynamic vegetation model. In my research I synthesized empirical data from 30 studies of Arctic vegetation responses to climate change, and compared these data to the ACIA projected vegetation distribution for 2100. A general agreement between observed and projected changes was found, with exceptions due to regional variability and geographic clustering of the empirical data. There exist large areas of Siberia east of the Taymyr Peninsula and the Arctic...
This study describes Native community perceptions of the Hook Lake Wood Bison Recovery Project and options for its future management. In 1999, I conducted thirty in-depth, semi-structured interviews with residents in the community of Fort Resolution, NT including participant and non-participant observations. Resident perceptions about the recovery project and priorities for the future care of the bison appeared to be strongly influenced by their knowledge of the project, their views on proper relationships between humans and nature, and beliefs about the aetiology of disease in bison. Dissemination of knowledge from managers to residents is complicated by challenges of communication between project staff and residents...
This dissertation examines the conflict between Native hunters and federal wildlife conservation programs within the present-day borders of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut from the late nineteenth century to the end of the 1960s. From the first conservation legislation specific to the northern Canada in 1894 to the broad range of responses to the so-called caribou crisis of the post-war era, the introduction of wildlife conservation in the Northwest Territories brought a series of dramatic changes to the lives of Dene and Inuit hunters in the region. The imposition of restrictive game laws, the enclosing of traditional hunting grounds within national parks and game sanctuaries, and the first tentative introduction...
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In January 2003, the Federal Subsistence Board adopted new regulations clarifying statewide customary trade practices of subsistence-caught fish and identified the need for additional information, to enable it to further refine regulations. This project addresses that need by documenting customary trade practices of salmon in three villages on the Yukon River. Interviews were conducted with 28 key informants, and included both interviews with individuals and groups. Results from the study indicate that customary trade supports subsistence economies by providing much-needed cash. Customary trade of salmon is part of a social system that distributes resources over time and space. In Alakanuk customary trade was described...
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This dissertation examines the conflict between Native hunters and federal wildlife conservation programs within the present-day borders of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut from the late nineteenth century to the end of the 1960s. From the first conservation legislation specific to the northern Canada in 1894 to the broad range of responses to the so-called caribou crisis of the post-war era, the introduction of wildlife conservation in the Northwest Territories brought a series of dramatic changes to the lives of Dene and Inuit hunters in the region. The imposition of restrictive game laws, the enclosing of traditional hunting grounds within national parks and game sanctuaries, and the first tentative introduction...
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Subsistence hunting and fishing in Alaska is a political, social, and cultural issue. Since statehood in 1959 the state of Alaska has managed fish and wildlife resources on all its lands. But because the state has been unable to come into compliance with federal regulations mandating a subsistence rural priority, the federal government (which owns about 60% of all Alaskan land) has taken over the management of subsistence on those lands: hunting and fishing management in 1991, and fishery management on many of the state's navigable waterways in 1999. This rural priority was written into a congressional act, the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act (ANILCA) in 1980. However the Alaska Constitution states...
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This report presents the results of a harvest survey and ethnographic research project that investigated the subsistence uses of large land mammals and furbearers in Game Management Unit 25 in the Yukon Flats region of Interior Alaska. Large land mammal species harvested and used by Yukon Flats residents include moose Alces alces, caribou Rangifer tarandus, black bear Ursus americanus, and brown bear Ursus arctos. Furbearing species included in this study are marten Martes americana, lynx Lynx canadensis, and wolf Canis lupus. For the 2008–2009 study year a total of 284 of 467 households (approximately 61%) were surveyed in the 7 Yukon Flats communities of Beaver, Birch Creek, Chalkyitsik, Circle, Fort Yukon, Stevens...
Traditional ecological knowledge (TEK) about salmon is held and practiced by local fishers and elders in Central Yup'ik, Deg'Hitan and Koyukon communities of the Yukon River. At present this information contributes little to fisheries management on the Yukon River. At the direction of the Yukon River Drainage Fisheries Association, to better understand changing salmon runs, Alaska Native fishers in the communities of Alakanuk, St. Mary's, Holy Cross, and Nulato were interviewed about their observations, knowledge and understanding of king salmon populations and behavior. Participants provided a variety of examples of TEK indicators describing salmon arrival time and run strength. Utilization of TEK increases the...
map background search result map search result map Subsistence in Alaska: with an in-depth look at the Upper Copper River Fishery Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Customary Trade of Subsistence Harvested Salmon on the Yukon River Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations: Implications for Diet and Health Subsistence Land Mammal Harvests and Uses, Yukon Flats, Alaska: 2008-2010 Harvest Report and Ethnographic Update Northern wildlife, northern people: Native hunters and wildlife conservation in the Northwest Territories, 1894--1970 Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo Are Glaciers ‘Good to Think With’? Recognising Indigenous Environmental Knowledge Gwich'in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement: web page Subsistence in Alaska: with an in-depth look at the Upper Copper River Fishery Climate Change Impacts and Adaptations: Implications for Diet and Health Subsistence Land Mammal Harvests and Uses, Yukon Flats, Alaska: 2008-2010 Harvest Report and Ethnographic Update Are Glaciers ‘Good to Think With’? Recognising Indigenous Environmental Knowledge Gwich'in Comprehensive Land Claim Agreement: web page Traditional Ecological Knowledge of Customary Trade of Subsistence Harvested Salmon on the Yukon River Northern wildlife, northern people: Native hunters and wildlife conservation in the Northwest Territories, 1894--1970 Offset of the potential carbon sink from boreal forestation by decreases in surface albedo