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Carbon emissions from boreal forest fires are projected to increase with continued warming and constitute a potentially significant positive feedback to climate change. The highest consistent combustion levels are reported in interior Alaska and can be highly variable depending on the consumption of soil organic matter. Here we present an approach for quantifying emissions within a fire perimeter using remote sensing of fire severity. Combustion from belowground and aboveground pools was quantified at 22 sites (17 black spruce and five white spruce-aspen) within the 2010 Gilles Creek burn in interior Alaska, constrained by data from eight unburned sites. We applied allometric equations and estimates of consumption...
My dissertation furthers work in ecosystem resilience and social-ecological resilience to global change, in the systems of a) the northern boreal forest of interior Alaska, where climate change drives a changing wildfire regime; and b) a central Californian estuary, where N pollution and sea-level rise (due to climate change) converge at the land-sea interface, impacting rare salt marsh habitats and their provision of ecosystem services. The first study explores impacts of a changing wildfire regime on a suite of wild species important for subsistence livelihoods, including game animals, furbearers, fish, and plants. Fire is a primary determinant of landscape pattern in the boreal forest. My review of 17 species...
RÉSUMÉ. Les gouvernements des Premières Nations du sud du Yukon figurent au rang des partenaires du projet des névés du Yukon, dans le cadre duquel des chercheurs font des fouilles dans les névés de sommet de montagnes où d'anciens artefacts de chasse sont retrouvés. Les programmes du patrimoine administrés par ces gouvernements, qui coordonnent la participation de leurs citoyens à ces activités, mettent l'accent sur le patrimoine culturel immatériel. Aux yeux de ces gouvernements, ce projet constitue une occasion de renforcer leur culture, de faire en sorte que les citoyens connaissent mieux leur histoire et d'exprimer les valeurs des Premières Nations en ce qui a trait aux ressources culturelles. La principale...
The Alaska Constitution prevents the Alaska National Interest Lands Conservation Act's (ANILCA)¹ rural subsistence2 priority from being enforced.³ The Federal Government currently manages subsistence on federal lands in Alaska and Alaska can only resume management if it becomes ANILCA compliant. The current federal management system does not sufficiently protect rural and Alaska Natives' subsistence rights. Alaska's Legislature must overcome the rural-urban divide to amend its constitution to become ANILCA compliant again by providing a modified rural priority that includes urban4 Alaska Natives. The Alaska Legislature should repeal the nonsubsistence zones statute because it denies federally defined rural areas...
This report presents the results of a project to identify and understand changes in nonsalmon subsistence patterns in the Aniak River drainage during 2001-2003. Data were collected through key respondent interviews and household surveys in Aniak and Chuathbaluk. Key respondent interviews were conducted with 5 individuals in Aniak in 2002, and documented local knowledge related to critical habitats, life histories, and seasonal movements of nonsalmon species, along with changes in the quality and abundance of fish over time in the drainage. Household surveys on nonsalmon harvests were completed with most (80-90%) Aniak and Chuathbaluk households in 2002 and 2003, resulting in baseline subsistence harvest estimates...
This dissertation examines the conflict between Native hunters and federal wildlife conservation programs within the present-day borders of the Northwest Territories and Nunavut from the late nineteenth century to the end of the 1960s. From the first conservation legislation specific to the northern Canada in 1894 to the broad range of responses to the so-called caribou crisis of the post-war era, the introduction of wildlife conservation in the Northwest Territories brought a series of dramatic changes to the lives of Dene and Inuit hunters in the region. The imposition of restrictive game laws, the enclosing of traditional hunting grounds within national parks and game sanctuaries, and the first tentative introduction...
This report presents the results of a project to identify and understand changes in nonsalmon subsistence patterns in the Aniak River drainage during 2001-2003. Data were collected through key respondent interviews and household surveys in Aniak and Chuathbaluk. Key respondent interviews were conducted with 5 individuals in Aniak in 2002, and documented local knowledge related to critical habitats, life histories, and seasonal movements of nonsalmon species, along with changes in the quality and abundance of fish over time in the drainage. Household surveys on nonsalmon harvests were completed with most (80-90%) Aniak and Chuathbaluk households in 2002 and 2003, resulting in baseline subsistence harvest estimates...
Nowhere are the consequences of climate change greater than in the Arctic. The Arctic Climate Impact Assessment (ACIA, 2004) synthesized the potential impacts of climate change to Arctic ecosystems, including vegetation changes projected for 2100 using the BIOME4 dynamic vegetation model. In my research I synthesized empirical data from 30 studies of Arctic vegetation responses to climate change, and compared these data to the ACIA projected vegetation distribution for 2100. A general agreement between observed and projected changes was found, with exceptions due to regional variability and geographic clustering of the empirical data. There exist large areas of Siberia east of the Taymyr Peninsula and the Arctic...
Carbon emissions from boreal forest fires are projected to increase with continued warming and constitute a potentially significant positive feedback to climate change. The highest consistent combustion levels are reported in interior Alaska and can be highly variable depending on the consumption of soil organic matter. Here we present an approach for quantifying emissions within a fire perimeter using remote sensing of fire severity. Combustion from belowground and aboveground pools was quantified at 22 sites (17 black spruce and five white spruce-aspen) within the 2010 Gilles Creek burn in interior Alaska, constrained by data from eight unburned sites. We applied allometric equations and estimates of consumption...