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The RCMAP (Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection) dataset quantifies the percent cover of rangeland components across western North America using Landsat imagery from 1985-2023. The RCMAP product suite consists of ten fractional components: annual herbaceous, bare ground, herbaceous, litter, non-sagebrush shrub, perennial herbaceous, sagebrush, shrub, tree, and shrub height in addition to the temporal trends of each component. Several enhancements were made to the RCMAP process relative to prior generations. First, high-resolution training was revised using an improved neural-net classifier and modelling approach. These data serve as foundation to the RCMAP approach. The training database was...
The RCMAP (Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection) dataset quantifies the percent cover of rangeland components across the western U.S. using Landsat imagery from 1985-2020. The RCMAP product suite consists of eight fractional components: annual herbaceous, bare ground, herbaceous, litter, non-sagebrush shrub, perennial herbaceous, sagebrush, shrub and rule-based error maps including the temporal trends of each component. Several enhancements were made to the RCMAP process relative to prior generations. We used an updated version of the 2016 base training data, with a more aggressive forest mask and reduced shrub and sagebrush cover bias in pinyon-juniper woodlands. We pooled training data in areas...
This dataset consists of 102 magnetotelluric (MT) stations collected in 2012-2014 in the Rio Grande Rift and southern Rocky Mountains. The U.S. Geological Survey acquired these data to improve regional conductivity models of the western United States. This work is in support of studies of the effect of lithospheric modification on electrical resistivity structure and tectonic evolution of the western United States.
This dataset consists of 102 magnetotelluric (MT) stations collected in 2012-2014 in the Rio Grande Rift and southern Rocky Mountains. The U.S. Geological Survey acquired these data to improve regional conductivity models of the western United States. This work is in support of studies of the effect of lithospheric modification on electrical resistivity structure and tectonic evolution of the western United States.
Data represents an estimate of oil and natural gas pipeline densities in the intermountain west based on data collected depicting pipeline locations in the study area. These data represent (for the most part) only larger volume, long distance pipelines and not the shorter, lower volume (so-called 'flowlines') associated with specific fluid energy producing sites. HOWEVER, THESE DATA ONLY REPRESENT THAT PORTION OF ACTUAL ON-THE-GROUND AND BURIED PIPELINES THAT HAVE BEEN MAPPED and that we were able to acquire durng th course of our study. THEREFORE, THIS DATASET IS KNOWN TO BE INCOMPLETE. The actual pipline locations are not shown here. Rather this is a grid representing pipeline density in Km/Km^2. DUE TO THE SENSITVE...
Variability in atmospheric deposition across the Rocky Mountains is influenced by elevation, slope, aspect, and precipitation amount and by regional and local sources of air pollution. To improve estimates of deposition in mountainous regions, maps of average annual atmospheric deposition loadings of nitrate, sulfate, and acidity were developed for the Rocky Mountains by using spatial statistics. A parameter-elevation regressions on independent slopes model (PRISM) was incorporated to account for variations in precipitation amount over mountainous regions. Chemical data were obtained from the National Atmospheric Deposition Program/National Trends Network and from annual snowpack surveys conducted by the US Geological...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Atmospheric Environment,
GIS,
Kriging,
Rocky Mountains,
atmospheric deposition,
The effects of elevated metals on stream periphyton in the Eagle River, a mining impacted river in central Colorado, were assessed in 1991 and 1992 using assemblage information (taxa richness, community similarity) and non-taxonomic measures (biomass, chlorophyll a, autotrophic index). The number of periphyton genera collected ranged from 2 at a site adjacent to abandoned mining operations to 21 at a downstream site, but was not significantly correlated with dissolved metals concentrations. Fragilaria and Achnanthes were the dominant genera at all sites, with Fragilaria dominating the less impacted sites and Achnanthes dominating at the more impacted sites. Taxonomic similarity was greatest among those sites receiving...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Hydrobiologia,
Rocky Mountains,
Springer,
biomass,
chlorophyll,
During 1993?97, samples of the full depth of the Rocky Mountain snowpack were collected at 52 sites from northern New Mexico to Montana and analyzed for major-ion concentrations. Concentrations of acidity, sulfate, nitrate, and calcium increased from north to south along the mountain range. In the northern part of the study area, acidity was most correlated (negatively) with calcium. Acidity was strongly correlated (positively) with nitrate and sulfate in the southern part and for the entire network. Acidity in the south exceeded the maximum acidity measured in snowpack of the Sierra Nevada and Cascade Mountains. Principal component analysis indicates three solute associations we characterize as: (1) acid (acidity,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Atmospheric Environment,
National Atmospheric Deposition Program,
Rocky Mountains,
acid deposition,
snowpack chemistry
The Rocky Mountains of Colorado and southern Wyoming receive atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition that ranges from 2 to 7 kg ha?1 yr?1, and some previous research indicates pronounced ecosystem effects at the highest rates of deposition. This paper provides a critical review of previously published studies on the effects of atmospheric N deposition in the region. Plant community changes have been demonstrated through N fertilization studies, however, N limitation is still widely reported in alpine tundra and subalpine forests of the Front Range, and sensitivity to changes in snow cover alone indicate the importance of climate sensitivity in these ecosystems. Retention of N in atmospheric wet deposition is <50% in...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Colorado,
Environmental Pollution,
Rocky Mountains,
atmospheric nitrogen deposition,
lake chemistry,
The RCMAP (Rangeland Condition Monitoring Assessment and Projection) dataset quantifies the percent cover of rangeland components across the western U.S. using Landsat imagery from 1985-2020. The RCMAP product suite consists of eight fractional components: annual herbaceous, bare ground, herbaceous, litter, non-sagebrush shrub, perennial herbaceous, sagebrush, shrub and rule-based error maps including the temporal trends of each component. Several enhancements were made to the RCMAP process relative to prior generations. We used an updated version of the 2016 base training data, with a more aggressive forest mask and reduced shrub and sagebrush cover bias in pinyon-juniper woodlands. We pooled training data in areas...
This dataset includes the magnetotelluric (MT) sounding data collected in 2007 in and near the San Luis Valley, Colorado. The U.S. Geological Survey conducted a series of multidisciplinary studies, including MT surveys, in the San Luis Valley to improve understanding of the hydrogeology of the Santa Fe Group and the nature of the sedimentary deposits comprising the principal groundwater aquifers of the Rio Grande rift. The shallow unconfined and the deeper confined Santa Fe Group aquifers in the San Luis Basin are the main sources of municipal water for the region. The population of the San Luis Valley region is growing rapidly and water shortfalls could have serious consequences. Future growth and land management...
This data release contains SnowModel snow evolution simulation output on a 100-meter (m) geospatial grid for a 311 kilometer (km) × 300 km model domain in Colorado, United States, encompassing the Colorado and Gunnison River Basin headwaters in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model convection-permitting and orography-resolving (4-km grid spacing) regional climate simulations provided the atmospheric forcing conditions to drive SnowModel in both a current and future climate scenario. A pair of continuous 13-water-year (2001-13) WRF model simulations was utilized: (1) a current climate control (CTL) simulation forced using ERA-Interim reanalysis, and (2) a future climate simulation...
Abstract (from http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00382-015-2692-0/fulltext.html): The future rate of climate change in mountains has many potential human impacts, including those related to water resources, ecosystem services, and recreation. Analysis of the ensemble mean response of CMIP5 global climate models (GCMs) shows amplified warming in high elevation regions during the cold season in boreal midlatitudes. We examine how the twenty-first century elevation-dependent response in the daily minimum surface air temperature [d(ΔTmin)/dz] varies among 27 different GCMs during winter for the RCP 8.5 emissions scenario. The focus is on regions within the northern hemisphere mid-latitude band between 27.5°N...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: CMIP5,
Drought,
Drought, Fire and Extreme Weather,
Elevation dependent warming,
North Central CASC,
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