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Environmental Data at Remote Camera Stations on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA (10/20/20-5/30/21) Remote camera data on snow presence, snow depth, and wildlife detections on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA. Reconyx Hyperfire I and Hyperfire II cameras were used and set to take hourly timelapse images and motion-triggered images. The cameras were deployed from October 2020 - May 2021. Snow presence was assessed up to 15 m from the camera. Snow depth was measured using virtual snow stakes created with the edger R package created by the author. Wildlife were marked as present in all photos in which they appear, and new individuals were counted. Snow density was collected using a federal or prairie snow sampler. Snow hardness was collected using a ram penetrometer. Solar radiation was calculated using hemispherical... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Idaho, Latah, Moscow Mountain, Odocoileus hemionus, Odocoileus virginianus, All tags... camera trap, location, mule deer, snow, snow and ice cover, snow density, snow depth, snow disappearance date, snow presence, snow-dependent, white-tailed deer, Fewer tags Snow Density Measurements at Remote Camera Stations on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID (12/1/20-4/30/21) We collected snow density measurements at camera sites from December 2020 - April 2021, at the same time as snow hardness measurements. We took measurements every few weeks as logistics allowed. We took samples near the camera site in snow visually similar to the snow in the camera viewshed (the geographical area that is visible from a location) to prevent snow conditions from being disturbed beyond normal camera deployment. We took snow density samples using a homemade prairie sampler in snow depths < 100 cm and using a federal snow sampler in snow depths > 100 cm. The sampler was inserted into the snow to remove a snow core. We retained the core if the depth of snow in the sampler was at least 90% of the actual... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Idaho, Latah, Moscow Mountain, Odocoileus virginianus, biota, All tags... climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, environment, mule deer, snow, snow and ice cover, snow depth, snow disappearance date, snow-dependent, white-tailed deer, Fewer tags Timelapse photos at SNOTEL station, locations, and associated metadata, Ollalie Meadows, Wash., 2015 UW_Olallie_photo_metadata & image files: These are the raw timelapse photographs. The date/time stamp is inaccurate for the camera deployed in the open (at the SNOTEL) due to a programming error. This timestamp is one day early (i.e., subtract 1 day from the timestamp when using these data). Also available is metadata for two timelapse cameras and their associated snow depth poles (two visible in each camera's field of view) deployed at Olallie Meadows SNOTEL during water year 2015. One camera was deployed in the open area that is the Olallie Meadows SNOTEL station (the snow pillow is in the field of view). The other camera was deployed in the adjacent forest, approximately 60 m to the southeast of the SNOTEL.... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Cascade Mountains, Cle Elum, Data Visualization & Tools, Forests, Kittatas County, All tags... Landscapes, Northwest CASC, Olallie Meadows, Ollalie Meadows, Other Water, SNOTEL, Science Tools For Managers, Washington, Washington, Water, Coasts and Ice, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow depth, snow depth, snow observations, time-lapse photography, time-lapse photography, Fewer tags Long format snow course observations, meteorological sensor observations,locations, and associated metadata for Mica Creek, Idaho UI_Mica_Location: Location metadata and meteorological and snow depth observations from met towers in the Mica Creek Experimental Forest. Data were collected at 7 different station sites at approximately half-hour intervals for water years 2003-2006, with discontinuous records due to equipment malfunction or damage. Stations were located within different forest harvest treatment sections, applied to the watershed in approximately 2001, including clear-cut harvest, partial harvest, and control sections (both second growth and old growth control forests). Site Data Citation for full description of the field campaign and sites. UI_Mica_met: Metadata and associated snow depth and SWE observations from 14 manual... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Data Visualization & Tools, Forests, Idaho, Landscapes, Mica Creek, All tags... Northwest CASC, Other Water, Science Tools For Managers, Shoshone County, Water, Coasts and Ice, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow depth, snow observations, time-lapse photography, Fewer tags Virtual Snow Stakes: A New Method for Snow Depth Measurement at Remote Camera Stations Remote cameras are used to study demographics, ecological processes, and behavior of wildlife populations. Cameras have also been used to measure snow depth with physical snow stakes. However, concerns that physical instruments at camera sites may influence animal behavior limit installation of instruments to facilitate collecting such data. Given that snow depth data are inherently contained within images, potential insights that could be made using these data are lost. To facilitate camera‐based snow depth observations without additional equipment installation, we developed a method implemented in an R package called edger to superimpose virtual measurement devices onto images. The virtual snow stakes can be used... Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: edger, forest-snow, remote cameras, snow depth, snowtography Timelapse photos, locations, and associated metadata for Snoqualmie Pass, WA Daily snow depth values from the UW Snoqualmie Pass site. A timelapse camera and 3 snow depth poles were deployed at the forest plot during water year 2015. Manual snow stake observations were taken in the open plot. This comparison of snow depth between the open and forest uses the daily snow depth data observed with the snow stake, rounded to 5cm, compared to the average of all visible pole values in the forest (read by eye from photos), also rounded to 5 cm. These data have been processed, aggregated and rounded. Raw photographs of the forest poles are also available. UW_Snoqualmie_snow_camera Attributes: Site - Snoqualmie, Cover - Forest or open, WY - water year 2015, Date - yyyy-mm-dd, Method - snow... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Cascade Mountains, Data Visualization & Tools, Forests, King County, Landscapes, All tags... Northwest CASC, Other Water, Science Tools For Managers, Snoqualmie Pass, Snoqualmie Pass, Washington, Washington, Water, Coasts and Ice, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow depth, snow depth, snow observations, time-lapse photography, Fewer tags Average November-March Snow Depth (mm), Northeast This dataset represents a 5 year average, November to March 2007/2008 - 2011/2012, snow depth in millimeters. This data set contains output from the NOAA National Weather Service's National Operational Hydrologic Remote Sensing Center (NOHRSC) SNOw Data Assimilation System (SNODAS). SNODAS is a modeling and data assimilation system developed by NOHRSC to provide the best possible estimates of snow cover and associated parameters to support hydrologic modeling and analysis. The aim of SNODAS is to provide a physically consistent framework to integrate snow data from satellite, airborne platforms, and ground stations with model estimates of snow cover (Carroll et al. 2001). SNODAS includes procedures to ingest and... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: ArcGIS REST Map Service, ArcGIS Service Definition, Citation, Downloadable, Map Service; Tags: Climate, Precipitation, Snow depth, Terrestrial, depth, All tags... snow, Fewer tags Observations of snow depth and meteorological variables in forests and nearby open areas at field sites in Washington, Oregon, and Idaho, USA Snow and meteorological observations were collected over a range of water years (WY) by three research institutions and by citizen scientists to characterize forest effects on snow processes across the Pacific Northwest, USA. Fourteen total study sites cover the western slopes and crest of the Cascade Range in WA and OR, and central and northern ID. Each study location includes one or more paired forest and open area in which to compare snow observations. A range of forest canopy densities and data collection strategies are represented, including paired manual snow courses, snow pits, automated sensors, and time-lapse images of snow measurement poles. Analysis and synthesis of all of these sites are presented in... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Downloadable, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Cle Elum, Data Visualization & Tools, Forests, Idaho, Kittatas County, All tags... Landscapes, McCall, McKenzie River, Mica Creek, Middle Fork Willamette, Northwest CASC, Olallie Meadows, Oregon, Other Water, Ponderosa State Park, Science Tools For Managers, Valley County, Washington, Water, Coasts and Ice, citizen science, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow depth, snow observations, time-lapse photography, Fewer tags Snow Hardness Measurements at Remote Camera Stations on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID (12/1/20-4/30-21) Snow hardness measurements were collected at camera sites from December 2020 - April 2021, at the same time as snow density. Camera sites were chosen by stratified non-random sampling. Cameras were never closer than 25m to other cameras, nor were they placed facing trails. Measurements were collected every few weeks as logistics allowed. Samples were collected near the camera site in snow visually similar to the snow in the camera viewshed to prevent snow conditions from being disturbed beyond normal camera deployment. Snow hardness was measured using a ram penetrometer or “ramsonde” (Snowmetrics; Fort Collins, CO). A ramsonde is composed of a hammer, anvil, and rod. The hammer is dropped onto the anvil from a known... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Idaho, Latah, Moscow Mountain, Odocoileus hemionus, Odocoileus virginianus, All tags... climatologyMeteorologyAtmosphere, environment, mule deer, snow, snow depth, snow disappearance date, snow-dependent, white-tailed deer, Fewer tags Manual snow course observations, raw met data, raw snow depth observations, locations, and associated metadata for Oregon sites OSU_SnowCourse Summary: Manual snow course observations were collected over WY 2012-2014 from four paired forest-open sites chosen to span a broad elevation range. Study sites were located in the upper McKenzie (McK) River watershed, approximately 100 km east of Corvallis, Oregon, on the western slope of the Cascade Range and in the Middle Fork Willamette (MFW) watershed, located to the south of the McKenzie. The sites were designated based on elevation, with a range of 1110-1480 m. Distributed snow depth and snow water equivalent (SWE) observations were collected via monthly manual snow courses from 1 November through 1 April and bi-weekly thereafter. Snow courses spanned 500 m of forested terrain and 500 m... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Cascade Mountains, Data Visualization & Tools, Forests, Landscapes, Middle Fork Willamette watershed, All tags... Northwest CASC, Oregon, Other Water, Science Tools For Managers, Water, Coasts and Ice, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow depth, snow observations, time-lapse photography, upper McKenzie River watershed, Fewer tags Modeling snowdrift habitat for polar bear dens Throughout the Arctic most pregnant polar bears (Ursus maritimus) construct maternity dens in seasonal snowdrifts that form in wind-shadowed areas. We developed and verified a spatial snowdrift polar bearden habitat model (SnowDens-3D) that predicts snowdrift locations and depths along Alaska’s Beaufort Sea coast. SnowDens-3D integrated snow physics, weather data, and a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM) to produce predictions of the timing, distribution, and growth of snowdrifts suitable for polar bear dens. SnowDens-3D assimilated 18 winters (1995 through 2012) of observed daily meteorological data and a 2.5 m grid-increment DEM covering 337.5 km2 of the Beaufort Sea coast, and described the snowdrift... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: ANIMAL ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL ECOLOGY AND BEHAVIOR, ANIMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, ANIMAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS, Academics & scientific researchers, All tags... Arctic Landscape Conservation Cooperative data.gov, BEARS, BEARS, Federal resource managers, LCC Network Science Catalog, Publication, REGULATORY MODELS, REGULATORY MODELS, SNOW, SNOW, SNOW COVER, SNOW COVER, SNOW DEPTH, SNOW DEPTH, SNOW DEPTH, SNOW DEPTH, State agencies, TOPOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY, WIND SPEED/WIND DIRECTION, WIND SPEED/WIND DIRECTION, biota, biota, completed, elevation, elevation, environment, environment, geoscientificInformation, geoscientificInformation, Fewer tags Vertical snowpack CO2 profile measurements from 2010-2016 in a subalpine forest in southern Wyoming Hourly carbon dioxide (CO2) measurements from four locations of snowpack profiles with vertical spacing of 20 cm over seven winters (2010-2016) at the Glacier Lakes Ecosystem Experiments Site (GLEES) in southern Wyoming. All supporting data on snowpack properties (mostly modeled) are included to calculate hourly snowpack CO2 fluxes from raw data. In addition, turbulence from the adjacent AmeriFlux eddy covariance scaffold are included for statistical analyses. For comparison purposes, manual CO2 measurements collected at the site from 1998-1999 and 2004-2010 are also included. In addition to data, all scripts are provided to calculate fluxes and determine statistical effects of year, replicate and turbulence on... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Geochemistry, Medicine Bow National Forest, USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC), Volcanology, Wyoming, All tags... carbon dioxide, ecosystem functions, forests, snow density, snow depth, snow energy balance, snowpack average temperature, soil respiration, Fewer tags Citizen science snow observations at the McCall Outdoor Science School, McCall, ID Results of a citizen science effort in which students and instructors at the McCall Outdoor Science School (MOSS) collected snow observations every 1-4 weeks at their field site within Ponderosa State Park (elevation 1540 m), adjacent to Payette Lake, ID. Students documented snow cover within forested versus open areas at each site via photographs and estimates of the continuity of snow cover. Additionally, snow depth and density were measured via snow pits in the forest and the open. Data were entered via a Google Form, and the results recorded in this table. Site Data Citation for full description of the field campaign and sites. Field photographs are archived along with these data, sorted by site name, with timestamp... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Data Visualization & Tools, Forests, Idaho, Landscapes, McCall, All tags... McCall, Idaho, Northwest CASC, Other Water, Ponderosa State Park, Ponderosa State Park, Science Tools For Managers, Valley County, Valley County, Water, Coasts and Ice, citizen science, citizen science, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow cover, snow depth, snow observations, time-lapse photography, Fewer tags edger: An R package facilitating distance and snow depth measurements at remote camera stations This repository contains a package in Program R which allows for snow depth measurements using a "virtual" snow stake. The package detected the edges of a snow stake in a reference image and superimposes the edges of the snow stake onto other images. The R package is also available on GitHub at https://github.com/kaitlynstrickfaden/edger. Categories: Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Data Visualization & Tools, Edge, Image Processing, R, R Package, All tags... Science Tools for Managers, Snow, Snow Depth, Software, Virtual Snow Stake, Fewer tags Snow and Wildlife Detections from Remote Camera Stations on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA (10/20/20-6/30/21) Remote camera data on snow presence, snow depth, and wildlife detections on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID, USA. Reconyx Hyperfire I and Hyperfire II cameras were set to take hourly timelapse images and motion-triggered images from October 2020 - May 2021 at 5 elevation categories (800-925m, 925-1050m, 1050-1175m, 1775-1300m, and > 1300m), 4 aspects (N, S, E, and W), and 3 canopy densities (Sparse [0-35%], Moderate [35-75%], and Dense [75-100%]), in duplicate, plus 17 selected microclimates (137 locations total), on Moscow Mountain in Latah County, ID. Images from 27 other locations were part of a pilot experiment during January to May 2020. Data in the CSVs include image metadata, camera site characteristics,... Categories: Data, Publication; Types: Citation; Tags: Idaho, Latah, Moscow Mountain, Odocoileus hemionus, Odocoileus virginianus, All tags... camera trap, location, mule deer, snow, snow and ice cover, snow depth, snow disappearance date, snow presence, snow-dependent, white-tailed deer, Fewer tags Smoothed snow depth data, location, raw data with headers, and associated metadata for University of Idaho Experimental Forest Lawler Landing site UIEF_wind Summary: Within the Flat Creek Unit of the University of Idaho Experimental Forest (UIEF) near Moscow, ID, 30-minute snow depth and meteorological data were collected at seven locations across the Lawler Landing site (elevation 880 m) from February to May of WY 2008. A 70 m north-south oriented transect of 5 snow depth sensors was deployed to record sub-daily snow depth, with co-located meteorological instruments. The sensors traversed a 40 m long elliptical forest gap and the adjacent forest in both directions. The locations were the same as those used previously to quantify how shortwave and longwave radiation vary across a forest gap [Lawler and Link, 2011]. Two additional snow depth sensors and meteorological... Categories: Data; Types: Citation, Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: Data Visualization & Tools, Flat Creek, Forests, Idaho, Landscapes, All tags... Latah County, Lawler Landing, Lawler landing, Northwest CASC, Other Water, Science Tools For Managers, University of Idaho Experimental Forest, University of Idaho Experimental Forest, Water, Coasts and Ice, forest canopy density, meteorological observations, snow depth, snow depth, snow observations, Fewer tags