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An accounting procedure is developed which determines a flow regime that is capable of transporting an amount of bedload sediment necessary to ensure channel stability downstream. The method allows for sediment buildup in the channel within geomorphic threshold limits during low flow periods. During periods of high runoff, enough water is bypassed to transport the stored sediment. The procedure utilizes only those flows of sufficient magnitude to maintain channel stability over the long run (25–50+ years). An example is presented which determines the volume of water and frequency of release for channel maintenance purposes downstream from a hypothetical water diversion project. Of some 1,200,000 acre feet generated...
Joint USGS-CUAHSI Workshop on Sediment Hydroacoustic Techniquesfor Rivers and Streams; Shepherdstown, West Virginia, 20–22 March 2012
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 reaches or study areas along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The 10 selected study areas are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. The topographic surveys collected point data of location and elevation in the active channel and along both left and right banks and flood plains. Starting in 2012, USGS personnel have collected topographic survey data annually during the winter, spring, or summer using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. These point...
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Colorado Water Science Center in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 reaches or study area along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The 10 selected study areas are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. The topographic surveys collected point data of location and elevation in the active channel and along both left and right banks and flood plains. Historically, the topographic data have been collected exclusively using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. However, on January 12, 2017,...
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 reaches or study areas along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The 10 selected study areas are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. The topographic surveys collected point data of location and elevation in the active channel and along both left and right banks and flood plains. Starting in 2012, USGS personnel have collected topographic survey data annually during the winter, spring, spring, or summer using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems....
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 reaches or study areas along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The 10 selected study areas are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. The topographic surveys collected point data of location and elevation in the active channel and along both left and right banks and flood plains. Starting in 2012, USGS personnel have collected topographic survey data annually during the winter, spring, or summer using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. These point...
In settings where the transport of sand is partially or fully supply limited, changes in the upstream supply of sand are coupled to changes in the grain size of sand on the bed. In this manner, the transport of sand under the supply-limited case is ‘grain-size regulated’. Since the closure of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963, the downstream reach of the Colorado River in Marble and Grand Canyons has exhibited evidence of sand-supply limitation. Sand transport in the river is now approximately equally regulated by changes in the discharge of water and changes in the grain sizes of sand on the channel bed and eddy sandbars. Previous work has shown that changes in the grain size of sand on the bed of the channel (driven by...
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 reaches or study areas along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The 10 selected study areas are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. The topographic surveys collected point data of location and elevation in the active channel and along both left and right banks and flood plains. Starting in 2012, USGS personnel have collected topographic survey data annually during the winter, spring, and summer using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. These...
Seismic signals near rivers are partially composed of the elastic waves generated by bedload particles impacting the river bed. In this study, we explore the relationship between this seismic signal and river bedload transport by analyzing high-frequency broadband seismic data from multiple stations along the Chijiawan River in northern Taiwan following the removal of a 13 m check dam. This dam removal provides a natural experiment in which rapid and predictable changes in the river's profile occur, which in turn enables independent constraints on spatial and temporal variation in bedload sediment transport. We compare floods of similar magnitudes with and without bedload transport, and find that the amplitude of...
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This portion of the USGS data release presents sediment grain-size data from on the Elwha River delta, Washington in July and August, 2015 (USGS Field Activities 2015-648-FA and 2015-652-FA). Bed sediment was sampled using a small ponar, or 'grab', sampler on July 28, 2016 from the R/V Frontier at a total of 70 locations in water depths between approximately 1 and 17 m around the delta. An additional 17 samples were obtained by SCUBA divers between July 22 and August 23, 2015 using a 15 cm diameter push corer inserted into the seabed as far as possible to a maximum depth of 15 cm. Forty-eight samples were collected at low tide at intertidal locations on the delta. The locations of grab samples and intertidal samples...
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This portion of the data release provides the data used to develop the calibration equation for the images in Digital seafloor images and sediment grain size from the mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2014 for the estimate of median grain size. This dataset includes 63 still images extracted from digital video imagery of sediment grab samples along with laboratory grain size analysis of the sediment grab samples taken from the mouth of the Columbia River, OR and WA, USA. Still images were extracted from video footage whenever the camera was resting on the sediment sample and individual sediment grains were visible and in focus. The images were used to calculate the calibration curve through auto-correlation...
Glen Canyon Dam has caused a fundamental change in the distribution of fine sediment storage in the 99-km reach of the Colorado River in Marble Canyon, Grand Canyon National Park, Arizona. The two major storage sites for fine sediment (i.e., sand and finer material) in this canyon river are lateral recirculation eddies and the main-channel bed. We use a combination of methods, including direct measurement of sediment storage change, measurements of sediment flux, and comparison of the grain size of sediment found in different storage sites relative to the supply and that in transport, in order to evaluate the change in both the volume and location of sediment storage. The analysis shows that the bed of the main...
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 reaches or study area along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The selected 10 study areas are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. The topographic surveys collected point data of location and elevation in the active channel and along both left and right banks and flood plains. Starting in 2012, USGS personnel have collected topographic survey data annually during the winter, spring, or summer using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems. These point...
The ability to predict the effects of dam removal in highly sediment-filled systems is increasingly important as the number of such dam removal cases continues to grow. The cost and potential impacts of dam removal are site-specific and can vary substantially depending on local conditions. Of specific concern in sediment-impacted removals is the volume and rate of reservoir deposit erosion. The complexity and potential accuracy of modeling methods used to forecast the effects of such dam removals vary substantially. Current methods range from predictions based on simple analysis of pre-dam channel geometry to sophisticated data-intensive, three-dimensional numerical models. In the work presented here, we utilize...
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In 2012, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) in cooperation with Colorado Springs Utilities selected 10 study reaches along Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs, Colorado and the confluence of Fountain Creek with the Arkansas River for annual bed and bank characterization and topographic surveys. The 10 study reaches are approximately 5 to 20 bank-full channel widths in length. Data were collected in 2018 that are similar in method and scope as data collected from 2012 to 2017.Topographic survey points were collected using real-time kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems (RTK-GNSS). Pebble-count data were collected at all 10 study reaches and included 4 measurements of grain size at each of 25 equally spaced...
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This portion of the USGS data release presents sediment grain-size data from samples collected on the Elwha River delta, Washington, in July 2016 (USGS Field Activity Number 2016-653-FA). Surface sediment was collected on July 20, 2016 at a total of 67 locations using a small ponar, or 'grab', sampler from the R/V Frontier in water depths between about 1 and 17 m around the delta. An additional 38 samples were collected by hand at low tide. A handheld global satellite navigation system (GNSS) receiver was used to determine the locations of sediment samples. Grab samples that yielded less than 50 g of sediment were omitted from analysis and are classified as "no sample". The grain-size distributions of samples that...
Removal of nonnative riparian trees is accelerating to conserve water and improve habitat for native species. Widespread control of dominant species, however, can lead to unintended erosion. Helicopter herbicide application in 2003 along a 12-km reach of the Rio Puerco, New Mexico, eliminated the target invasive species saltcedar (Tamarix spp.), which dominated the floodplain, as well as the native species sandbar willow (Salix exigua Nuttall), which occurred as a fringe along the channel. Herbicide application initiated a natural experiment testing the importance of riparian vegetation for bank stability along this data-rich river. A flood three years later eroded about 680,000 m(3) of sediment, increasing mean...
Removal of nonnative riparian trees is accelerating to conserve water and improve habitat for native species. Widespread control of dominant species, however, can lead to unintended erosion. Helicopter herbicide application in 2003 along a 12-km reach of the Rio Puerco, New Mexico, eliminated the target invasive species saltcedar (Tamarix spp.), which dominated the floodplain, as well as the native species sandbar willow (Salix exigua Nuttall), which occurred as a fringe along the channel. Herbicide application initiated a natural experiment testing the importance of riparian vegetation for bank stability along this data-rich river. A flood three years later eroded about 680,000 m(3) of sediment, increasing mean...
In settings where the transport of sand is partially or fully supply limited, changes in the upstream supply of sand are coupled to changes in the grain size of sand on the bed. In this manner, the transport of sand under the supply-limited case is ?grain-size regulated?. Since the closure of Glen Canyon Dam in 1963, the downstream reach of the Colorado River in Marble and Grand Canyons has exhibited evidence of sand-supply limitation. Sand transport in the river is now approximately equally regulated by changes in the discharge of water and changes in the grain sizes of sand on the channel bed and eddy sandbars. Previous work has shown that changes in the grain size of sand on the bed of the channel (driven by...
Land degradation in drylands is one of the major environmental issues of the 21st century particularly due to its impact on world food security and environmental quality. Climate change, shifts in vegetation composition, accelerated soil erosion processes, and disturbances have rendered these landscapes susceptible to rapid degradation that has important feedbacks on regional climate and desertification. Even though the role of hydrologic?aeolian erosion and vegetation dynamic processes in accelerating land degradation is well recognized, most studies have concentrated only on the role of one or two of these components, and not on the interactions among all three. Drawing on relevant published studies, here we review...
map background search result map search result map Surface-sediment grain-size distributions from the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2015 Surface-sediment grain-size distributions of the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2016 Sediment grain size and digital image calibration parameters from the mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2014 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2012 to 2017 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2013 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2015 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2012 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2016 Topographic Survey Data from Photogrammetry of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2017 Topographic Survey and Streambed-Sediment Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2018 Surface-sediment grain-size distributions of the Elwha River delta, Washington, July 2016 Sediment grain size and digital image calibration parameters from the mouth of the Columbia River, Oregon and Washington, 2014 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2013 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2015 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2012 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2016 Topographic Survey Data from Photogrammetry of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2017 Topographic Survey Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2012 to 2017 Topographic Survey and Streambed-Sediment Data of Fountain Creek between Colorado Springs and the Confluence of Fountain Creek at the Arkansas River, Colorado, 2018