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This data release includes simulation output from SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006), a well-validated process-based snow modeling system, and supporting snow, meteorological, and streamflow observations from the water years 2011 through 2015 (October 1, 2010, through September 30, 2015) across a 3,600 square kilometer model domain in the north-central Colorado Rocky Mountains. For each water year, SnowModel simulations were completed for a (1) baseline simulation, (2) bark-beetle disturbance condition simulation, (3) 2016 - 2035 future climate condition simulation (S1), and (4) 2046 - 2065 future climate condition simulation (S2). Sexstone and others (2018) provide details and summarize findings from each of the...
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This data release contains historical SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006) output for the Crown of the Continent and surrounding areas in Montana and Idaho, USA; and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada from September 1, 1981 through August 31, 2020. Fifteen daily variables were simulated or derived for this release: (1) snow water equivalent (swed), (2) liquid precipitation (rpre), (3) solid precipitation (spre), (4) albedo (albd), (5) glacial ice melt (glmt), (6) total precipitation (prec), (7) runoff (roff), (8) snow covered area (sca), (9) snow density (sden), (10) snowmelt (smlt), (11) snow depth (snod), (12) snow sublimation (ssub), (13) air temperature (tair), (14) wind speed (wspd), and (15) wind direction...
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This data release contains daily gridded data reflecting surface water input from rainfall, rain on snow (mixed), and snowmelt for the conterminous United States for water years 1990 to 2023 (1990/10/01 to 2023/09/30). This release also contains annual estimates of gridded input seasonality (an index reflecting whether surface water input occurs within a concentrated period or is equally distributed throughout the year), precipitation seasonality, average snowmelt, rainfall and rain on snow rates, and finally, annual totals of each input type. Average snowmelt, rainfall and rain on snow rates were computed using days where values were greater than zero. Daily data were generated using precipitation input from the...
The Sleepers River Research Watershed, near Danville, Vermont, is a 111-square-kilometer watershed established in 1958 by the Agricultural Research Service.The research watershed has since been operated by three other federal agencies: National Weather Service, U.S. Army Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (CRREL), and U.S. Geological Survey (USGS). USGS started at the site in collaboration with CRREL in 1991 and has been the sole operating entity since 2000. From 1991 to 2017, the research watershed was part of the national 5-site network of the USGS Water, Energy, and Biogeochemical Budgets (WEBB) program. Since 2017 Sleepers has been funded by USGS Land Change Science to continue the core measurements...
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Note: This data release has been deprecated. Please see new data release here: https://doi.org/10.5066/P9A4FVZ4. The data presented here was collected adjacent to USGS stream gage 06730200 and includes both observed and modeled values. Dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, stream depth, water temperature, and light intensity were collected via passive water quality sensors. Modeled values include gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, net ecosystem production, reaeration, and light (when observed values were unavailable). Modeled values were obtained through streamMetabolizer, a USGS-sponsored R-package for estimating rates of stream metabolism. Estimates for carbon dioxide flux utilized both modeled...
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This data release contains historical SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006) output for the Crown of the Continent and surrounding areas in Montana and Idaho, USA; and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada from September 1, 1981 through August 31, 2020. Fifteen daily variables were simulated or derived for this release: (1) snow water equivalent (swed), (2) liquid precipitation (rpre), (3) solid precipitation (spre), (4) albedo (albd), (5) glacial ice melt (glmt), (6) total precipitation (prec), (7) runoff (roff), (8) snow covered area (sca), (9) snow density (sden), (10) snowmelt (smlt), (11) snow depth (snod), (12) snow sublimation (ssub), (13) air temperature (tair), (14) wind speed (wspd), and (15) wind direction...
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The data presented here contain quasi-event hydrologic response characteristics for quickflow response intervals (QRIs) calculated at 57 USGS GAGES-II reference watersheds in the western US. Each row in the attached csv contains characteristics for an individual QRI at one site. QRI characteristics include duration, antecedent flow, input, input rate,peak flow, potential evapotranspiration, quickflow, and quickflow/input (effectively a runoff ratio). This data release supports the publication "Sub-annual streamflow responses to rainfall and snowmelt inputs in snow-dominated watersheds of the western U.S." in Water Resources Research.
This data release is associated with a journal article titled, "Aquatic-Terrestrial Linkages Control Metabolism and Carbon Dynamics in a Mid-sized, Urban Stream Influenced by Snowmelt." The data were collected adjacent to USGS stream gage 06730200 and include observed and modeled values. Dissolved oxygen, dissolved carbon dioxide, stream depth, water temperature, and light intensity were collected via passive water quality sensors. Modeled values include gross primary production, ecosystem respiration, net ecosystem production, reaeration, and light (when observed values were unavailable). Modeled values were obtained through streamMetabolizer, a USGS-sponsored R-package for estimating rates of stream metabolism....
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To help determine when winter conditions were changing to spring conditions annually in our four study areas, we determined the first eight-day interval (in accordance with the scale limitations of satellite data we used to assess the presence of snow) during which the first amphibian of the season called at each of our study wetlands in those areas. To do this, we examined contour plots of summaries of all the acoustic data we collected at that site in a given year to identify the unique call signatures of individual amphibian species by date and time. When necessary due to potential confounding on a contour plot, we also examined relevant individual five-minute recordings aurally and visually to confirm whether...
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This data release contains SnowModel snow evolution simulation output on a 100-meter (m) geospatial grid for a 311 kilometer (km) × 300 km model domain in Colorado, United States, encompassing the Colorado and Gunnison River Basin headwaters in the Upper Colorado River Basin. Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) Model convection-permitting and orography-resolving (4-km grid spacing) regional climate simulations provided the atmospheric forcing conditions to drive SnowModel in both a current and future climate scenario. A pair of continuous 13-water-year (2001-13) WRF model simulations was utilized: (1) a current climate control (CTL) simulation forced using ERA-Interim reanalysis, and (2) a future climate simulation...
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This data release contains historical SnowModel (Liston and Elder, 2006) output for the Crown of the Continent and surrounding areas in Montana, USA; and Alberta and British Columbia, Canada from September 1, 1981 through August 31, 2020. Fifteen daily variables were simulated or derived for this release: (1) snow water equivalent (swed), (2) liquid precipitation (rpre), (3) solid precipitation (spre), (4) albedo (albd), (5) glacial ice melt (glmt), (6) total precipitation (prec), (7) runoff (roff), (8) snow covered area (sca), (9) snow density (sden), (10) snowmelt (smlt), (11) snow depth (snod), (12) snow sublimation (ssub), (13) air temperature (tair), (14) wind speed (wspd), and (15) wind direction (wdir). The...


    map background search result map search result map SnowModel simulations and supporting observations for the north-central Colorado Rocky Mountains during water years 2011 through 2015 The eight-day interval during which amphibians first called annually at individual study wetlands across four study areas Aqueous chemistry database, Sleepers River Research Watershed, Danville, Vermont, 1991-2018 Sub-annual streamflow responses to rainfall and snowmelt inputs in snow-dominated watersheds of the western U.S. Modeled Stream Metabolism in Boulder Creek near Boulder, CO (2016 - 2018) Modeled Stream Metabolism in Boulder Creek near Boulder, CO (2016 - 2018) High Resolution Current and Future Climate SnowModel Simulations in the Upper Colorado River Basin Historical simulated snowpack and other hydrometeorology data at 90 m for the Crown of the Continent and vicinity, United States and Canada, water years 1981-2020 Daily time series of surface water input from rainfall, rain on snow, and snowmelt for the Conterminous United States from 1990 to 2023, as well as annual series of input seasonality, precipitation seasonality, and average rainfall, rain on snow, and snowmelt rates Historical simulated snowpack and other hydrometeorology data at 30 m for the Crown of the Continent and vicinity, United States and Canada, water years 1981-2020 HUC12-Monthly Summaries Modeled Stream Metabolism in Boulder Creek near Boulder, CO (2016 - 2018) Modeled Stream Metabolism in Boulder Creek near Boulder, CO (2016 - 2018) SnowModel simulations and supporting observations for the north-central Colorado Rocky Mountains during water years 2011 through 2015 Historical simulated snowpack and other hydrometeorology data at 30 m for the Crown of the Continent and vicinity, United States and Canada, water years 1981-2020 High Resolution Current and Future Climate SnowModel Simulations in the Upper Colorado River Basin Historical simulated snowpack and other hydrometeorology data at 90 m for the Crown of the Continent and vicinity, United States and Canada, water years 1981-2020 HUC12-Monthly Summaries The eight-day interval during which amphibians first called annually at individual study wetlands across four study areas Sub-annual streamflow responses to rainfall and snowmelt inputs in snow-dominated watersheds of the western U.S. Daily time series of surface water input from rainfall, rain on snow, and snowmelt for the Conterminous United States from 1990 to 2023, as well as annual series of input seasonality, precipitation seasonality, and average rainfall, rain on snow, and snowmelt rates