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This item provides the ScienceBase query that identifies components of the fish habitat assessments within the Southern Plains States. It also contains a link to a configuration file that pulls these pieces of information into a logical order. This information can be accessed through the ScienceBase API to display a summary of fish habitat assessment information for the Southern Plains States.
Southern Plains States Fish Habitat Partnerships’ 2010 - 2015 Actions to Make a Difference Partnerships - Reservoir Fisheries Habitat Partnership, Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership, Great Plains Fish Habitat Partnership, Desert Fishes Habitat Partnership, and Western Native Trout Initiative Funded a project to stabilized 3,050 feet of shoreline on Olpe City Lake, Kansas. Assisted partners in installation of a fish barrier on Lovewell Reservoir, Kansas to prevent fish loss during irrigation releases. Evaluation is ongoing but preliminary results show a large increase in the forage base. Provided funding for 400 plastic fish attractors that were installed in six Texas reservoirs: Sam Rayburn, Toledo Bend,...
Partnership – Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership The Nueces River basin has some of the most pristine streams, creeks, and rivers in Texas. The Nueces River basin supplies approximately two-thirds of the recharge to the Edwards Aquifer, which serves as a drinking water supply for millions of Texans. Since 2007, a riparian invasive plant, Arundo donax (giant reed), has been spreading at a rapid rate. Giant reed forms dense colonies that can grow to more than 20 feet in height and channelize streams, significantly altering instream habitat conditions for native aquatic species. In the early spring of 2010, landowners along the Nueces River began to notice the explosive expansion of Giant reed and large...
Partnership – Southeast Aquatic Resources Partnership The Guadalupe Bass ( Micropterus treculii) is the Texas state fish, endemic to central Texas, and an economically important stream sport fish. It is also listed as threatened due to habitat degradation, stream flow alteration, and hybridization with non-native Smallmouth Bass stocked in the 1970’s and 80’s. The headwaters of the Blanco River bubble up from springs near the city of Blanco in the Texas Hill Country. Historically this river was home to a good population of Guadalupe Bass, but recent surveys found only Guadalupe/Smallmouth Bass hybrids. It was thought efforts to remove Smallmouth Bass were impractical. However, in 2011 during the height...
Most severe disturbances in the Southern Plains States associated with stream reaches being scored as having high or very high risk of habitat degradation. Disturbances are grouped into large groups (fragmentation by dams; nutrient and sediment pollution; human population; road length and crossings; water withdrawals; urban land use; agricultural land use; mines and impervious surface cover) within the four spatial scales (local catchment, network catchment, local buffer, and network buffer). Only disturbance groups that have greater than 5% of stream length in a given category are represented in this figure. Note that not all disturbance categories are available for each spatial scale; buffers have only urban...
The Guadalupe Bass (Micropterus treculii) is endemic to the spring-fed central Texas rivers and streams. This species is threatened by a number of factors that have contributed to its overall decline including decreased stream flows, habitat loss and degradation, and hybridization with non-native Smallmouth Bass.
The Prairie Chub (Macrhybopsis australis) requires streams with gravel and rock bottoms and can live with high levels of dissolved salts that occur in intermittent streams in the upper Red River Basin, Texas. This Texas-listed species of special concern is potentially threatened by large-scale chloride removal planned for the upper Red River Basin that could drastically change the stream chemistry required by this unique fish species.
While this assessment has found that much of the stream habitat in this region is at low or very low risk of degradation, some key fish habitat disturbances, including water withdrawals or diversions and intensity of livestock grazing in watersheds, could not be directly included in this assessment because national datasets of these disturbances and their supporting variables are unavailable. These disturbances are known to have major, negative effects on fish habitats in this region. Their absence from this assessment, along with absences of other disturbances, has likely produced an overestimation of habitat condition (quality) for some water bodies. Despite such absences, impairment to fish habitats was determined...
Map of the risk of current fish habitat degradation of inland streams of the Southern Plains States.
Wheat and corn are the two most commonly grown crops in Kansas and Oklahoma and zones with a high risk of habitat degradation in eastern Kansas and Oklahoma correspond to areas of these and other row crops. Texas grew 6.2 million acres of cotton in 2014-15 predominately in the panhandle region, which was projected to be at high risk of fish habitat deterioration. Nutrient runoff from crop fields from all southern plains states not only affects local streams but eventually ends up in estuaries and the Gulf of Mexico. This high-nutrient runoff contributes to a low oxygen dead zone which annually averages over 5,000 square miles in size in the northern Gulf of Mexico and causes fish kills.
The Arkansas Darter (Etheostoma cragini) is native to the Arkansas River drainage and is known to move extensively in this system in response to varying stream flows. It requires shallow water gravel habitat or woody debris for spawning. Stream dewatering and decreased flows caused by groundwater pumping have affected populations of this darter. Water quality degradation has also been an issue and is often the result of intensive livestock grazing and trampling of stream banks, application of animal wastes as fertilizer to cropland, salt-water intrusion into groundwater, and spills from concentrated animal feed operations.
Cattle and sheep ranching are common in Southern Plains States. Areas of very high risk of habitat degradation in eastern portions of this region correspond to areas characterized as pasture. Rain and snow melt carry nutrient-rich animal waste to streams and rivers and when livestock drink from local streams they trample the stream banks and cause excessive sedimentation in the streams. Sedimentation, caused by many forms of human activity, has affected many rivers and reservoirs of the Southern Plains and work is underway in some areas to rehabilitate reservoirs affected by sedimentation. For example, a large scale project to remove seven million cubic yards of sediment from Lake Wichita, Texas is underway. Rehabilitating...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2015,
HumanActivity,
Pasture,
SouthernPlainsRegion,
SouthernPlainsStates
Reductions of flows resulting from drought and water withdrawals threaten the Fountain Darter (Etheostoma fonticola) in the headwater springs that feed the San Marcos and Comal Rivers, Texas. These are the only two places in the world this species is found. It uses dense aquatic plants and algae as habitat. It is severely threatened by the loss of vegetation caused by an exotic snail and afflicted by a parasitic non-native trematode whose life cycle uses the exotic snail as a host.
The Southern Plains States contain one of the fastest-growing urban centers areas in the country— the Texas Triangle of Houston, Dallas/Fort Worth, and San Antonio, where more than 17 million people are spread over 58,000 square miles. Texas is also part of the Gulf Coast megaregion. In these cities and the surrounding suburbs, large areas of impervious surfaces have replaced natural streamside habitat, increased pollution and sedimentation, and completely altered water flows (hydrology). Declining fish populations are the result, near the cities as well as in downstream river reaches. Water coming from both of these megaregions also seriously affects fish habitat in receiving coastal bays and estuaries. Another...
A. Pervasive disturbances: The most common disturbances based on total stream length in a given region. Top five overall most pervasive disturbances to all stream reaches, regardless of stream size and across all spatial scales (ranked highest first): Low intensity urban land use Impervious surface Pasture and hay land use Population density Crop land use Top five most pervasive disturbances, specific to spatial scales : Low intensity urban land use in network catchments Low intensity urban land use in local catchments Impervious surface cover in network catchments Low intensity urban land use in local buffers Pasture and hay land use in network catchments Low intensity urban land use makes up the majority...
Texas has flown flags for six different nations, which complicates fisheries management in this region. Spain 1519-1685 France 1685-1690 Spain 1690-1821 Mexico 1821-1836 Republic of Texas 1836-1845 United States 1845-1861 Confederate States 1861-1865 United States 1865 to present More land is farmed in Texas than in any other State. Texas has 624 miles (1,024 kilometers) of coastline along the Gulf of Mexico. The Trinity River is 710 miles (1,140 kilometers) long and is the longest river that flows entirely within the State of Texas. Original Federal plans called for building 36 locks and dams from Trinity Bay near Houston to Dallas but only 7 were built. The Brazos River is translated as "The River of the Arms...
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2015,
Facts,
SouthernPlainsRegion,
SouthernPlainsStates
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