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Warming-induced release of CO2 from the large carbon (C) stores in arctic soils could accelerate climate change. However, declines in the response of soil respiration to warming in long-term experiments suggest that microbial activity acclimates to temperature, greatly reducing the potential for enhanced C losses. As reduced respiration rates with time could be equally caused by substrate depletion, evidence for thermal acclimation remains controversial. To overcome this problem, we carried out a cooling experiment with soils from arctic Sweden. If acclimation causes the reduction in soil respiration observed after experimental warming, then it should subsequently lead to an increase in respiration rates after cooling....
Why did nuclear energy policies in France, Sweden, and the United States, very similar at the time of the oil crisis of 1973 and 1974, diverge so greatly in the following years? In answering this question, James Jasper challenges one of the most popular trends in political analysis: explanations relying exclusively on political and economic structures to account for public policies. Jasper proposes a new cultural and state-centered approach--one heeding not only structural factors but cultural meanings, individual biographies, and elite discretion. Surveying the period from the successful commercialization of light-water-reactor technology in the early 1960s to the present, he explains the events that occurred after...
We present the results of a content analysis conducted on 2502 papers written by 5318 authors published between 1999 and 2008 in three leading energy studies journals: Energy Policy, The Energy Journal, and The Electricity Journal. Our study finds that authors were most likely to be male, based in North America, possess a background in science or engineering, and affiliated with a university or research institute. Articles were likely to be written by authors working within disciplinary boundaries and using research methods from an economics/engineering background. The US was the most written about country among papers that adopted a country focus and electricity was the most frequently discussed energy source....
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Synopsis: This paper describes the spatial distribution of pH measurements from 60 sites distributed throughout the Kychlan River catchment, a 67km⊃2; boreal watershed in northern Sweden. Water samples were collected during a period of winter baseflow and during a spring flood episode. Chemical analyses included pH, Dissolved Organic Carbon (DOC), major cations (K, Mg, Na, Ca) and total filterable aluminum. Spring flood pH was shown to be highest in larger, lower altitude catchments underlain by fine sorted sediments, and lowest in small, higher altitude catchments underlain by a mixture of peat wetlands and forested till. There was also a trend with distance downstream of higher pH, acid neutralizing capacity and...
    map background search result map search result map Spatial heterogeneity of the spring flood acid pulse in a boreal stream network. Spatial heterogeneity of the spring flood acid pulse in a boreal stream network.