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We conducted a 2-year field experiment to determine whether archery and muzzleloading hunting seasons caused elk to move prematurely onto private land during late summer. The study site was divided into north and south areas, and each area received both an early- and late-opening treatment. Early-opening treatment was an archery season that opened 1 week earlier (23 Aug) than the historical opening, and late-opening treatment was an archery season that opened 2 weeks later (13 Sep), yielding a 21-day difference in opening dates. We relocated 80 radiocollared female elk, captured at random locations on summer ranges, approximately 2 times per week for a 3-month period surrounding early- and late-opening dates each...
Movement of Rocky Mountain elk (Cervus elaphus nelsoni) to private land in Colorado, USA, is problematic for population management because once on private land, elk are largely unavailable for harvest. We evaluated the relative effects of reducing hunter numbers and changes in opening dates of early-season hunting (archery) on elk movement to private land during a 4-year field experiment. Our study area was divided into north (NTA) and south (STA) treatment areas. Eighty adult female elk were captured and radiomarked during July 1996. From 1996 to 1999, we relocated radiomarked elk 2 times per week for a 2- to 3-month period surrounding archery season opening dates, and we classified each elk location as being on...
Age, sex, and body and reproductive condition of 631 burros (Equus asinus), and sex of 79 burro fetuses were determined from the Mohave Desert, California. The age distribution was skewed to young age classes in both sexes. Twelve individuals lived >10.5 years, and males lived longer than females. The postnatal sex ratio (61 M: 100 F) was skewed, whereas the prenatal sex ratio (68.1:100) did not differ significantly (P > 0.05) from parity. Males had better body condition than females. Poor female body condition was associated with costs of pregnancy and/or lactation. Females of reproductive age (≥1.5 years) had a 61.9% pregnancy rate and a 35.2% lactation rate. Sixty percent of lactating females were also pregnant,...
B: atsu se more featuresi n the landscapet han a hibernaculumo r maternityr oost,b ut managementp lans often are made withoutm ore informationt han this because it is time-consuminga nd costlyt o collect. This leads to managementb ased on oversimplifiedb at ecologyw ith no wayo f incorporatingt hose knowledgeg aps.E cological neighborhoods are the space used by a single organism or a group of organisms during a time period of interest. I used informationa bout the behavioro f pallidb ats (Antrozoupsa llidus)t o createa n ecologicaln eighborhood for a colony in central Nevada and compared it to a neighborhood created with empirical data collected from the same individualsI. also presenta method for rankingt he conservationv...
Modification of landscapes due to energy development may alter both habitat use and vital rates of sensitive wildlife species. Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus) in the Powder River Basin (PRB) of Wyoming and Montana, USA, have experienced rapid, widespread changes to their habitat due to recent coal-bed natural gas (CBNG) development. We analyzed lek-count, habitat, and infrastructure data to assess how CBNG development and other landscape features influenced trends in the numbers of male sage-grouse observed and persistence of leks in the PRB. From 2001 to 2005, the number of males observed on leks in CBNG fields declined more rapidly than leks outside of CBNG. Of leks active in 1997 or later, only...
Mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus) were censused by 2 observers in a helicopter during 3 consecutive winters on 193 0.6475-km2 quadrats distributed, in a stratified random sampling design, throughout 1,688 km2 of pinyon-juniper (Pinus edulis-Juniperus osteosperma) winter range on the Uncompahgre Plateau, in southwestern Colorado. Quadrats were plotted on maps and aerial photos, and the 4 corners were permanently marked on the ground. Estimates of total deer population and 90% confidence limits for the 3 years were 11,401 + 2,205, 17,884 + 4,042, and 17,085 ? 2,951, respectively. During the 2nd and 3rd years the sample was sufficient to permit estimation of the population within 22.6 and 17.3% of the mean number of...
We examined survival rates of mule deer (Odocoileus hemnionus) fawns (1 Jan-31 May) and adult (21 yr old) females (1 Jun-31 May) from Colorado, Idaho, and Montana to assess the influence of survival on population dynamics over a broad geographic area. Survival rates were estimated from 1,875 radiocollared fawns and 1,536 radiocollared adult female-years. We found significant year-to-year differences in overwinter survival rates of fawns among states (P < 0.001), while annual survival rates of adult females showed less variation across years (P < 0.256). Sampling distributions of survival rates bv age class were modeled with the beta-binomial distribution (BBD) and not found different among states (ad F: P = 0.118;...
Chukar partridges (Alectoris graeca) in separate groups were fed rations consisting of caryopses of downy brome (Bromus tectorum) and medusahead (Taeniatherum asperum), and commercial game farm pellets. The birds readily ingested the caryopses of both grasses. The caryopses of medusahead appeared to be largely indigestible. Severe weight losses occurred when birds were fed caryopses of either species. Birds fed downy brome appeared in better condition than those fed medusahead. Published in The Journal of Wildlife Management, volume 33, issue 4, on pages 975 - 978, in 1969.