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Although San Francisco Bay has a “Golden Gate”, it may be argued that it is the “Silver Estuary”. For at one time the Bay was reported to have the highest levels of silver in its sediments and biota, along with the only accurately measured values of silver in solution, of any estuarine system. Since then others have argued that silver contamination is higher elsewhere (e.g., New York Bight, Florida Bay, Galveston Bay) in a peculiar form of pollution machismo, while silver contamination has measurably declined in sediments, biota, and surface waters of the Bay over the past two to three decades. Documentation of those systemic temporal declines has been possible because of long-term, ongoing monitoring programs,...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Monitoring,
Pollution,
San Francisco Bay,
Silver,
Toxicity
These data present chemistry and toxicity results from freshwater stream sediments collected from 99 wadable stream sites across eleven states in the Midwestern U.S. as one component of a larger USGS study in the summer of 2013. This data presents a selected suite of chemistry collected at these sites (PAHs, Organochlorines, PCBs, Trace Elements, and current use pesticides) used in calculating a Probable Effect Concentration-Likely Effect Benchmark quotient mixture score for contaminants measured in sediments. The toxicity data presents results of toxicity tests following ASTM and US EPA standard methods for sediment toxicity tests with the amphipod Hyalella azteca (28-d exposure), the midge Chironomus dilutus (10-d),...
A number of streams in Colorado were found to contain waterborne selenium concentrations that consistently exceeded the current U.S. EPA chronic criterion of 5 μg/L and often exceeded the acute criterion of 20 μg/L. Despite these elevated concentrations, no biological impact was observed. These findings led to a review of selenium exposure pathways in freshwater. The literature strongly indicates that chronic selenium toxicity can result from accumulation of selenium in the sediment, movement into the food chain, and resulting dietary uptake. Chronic toxicity does not appear to be strictly a result of waterborne selenium concentrations. In fact, dissolved selenium concentrations are a poor predictor...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation,
Journal Citation;
Tags: Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry,
Selenium,
Toxicity,
Water quality criteria
Data from this study will be used to extend the current pH/ alkalinity sea lamprey MLC prediction chart used to set 3-trifluoromethyl-4-nitrophenol (TFM) concentrations for treating streams to control sea lamprey populations in the Great Lakes. The current chart predicts levels of TFM required to kill 99.9% of larval sea lampreys in water with alkalinities up to 260 mg/L. Some streams in lower Michigan, however, exceed the current 260 mg/L alkalinity threshold. Treatment managers have requested an extension of the chart to an alkalinity of 300 mg/L for pHs between 8.0 and 8.5. Exposures were conducted with TFM in water at pH 8.0 and 8.5 at alkalinities 260 and 300. Differences in TFM toxicity between the two alkalinities...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: La Crosse, WI , USA,
Lampricide,
TFM,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
sea lamprey,
The exposure of white-footed mice (Peromyscus leucopus) to lead and cadmium and the potential associated toxic effects were examined at three sites contaminated with lead in the Southeast Missouri Lead Mining District and at a reference site. Mice from the contaminated sites showed evidence of oxidative stress and red-blood cell δ-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) activity was depressed by an average of 68% at the most contaminated site. However, histological examinations of the liver and kidney, cytologic examination of blood smears and biomarkers of lipid peroxidation and DNA damage failed to show evidence of toxic effects from lead. The biomagnification ratio of cadmium (hepatic concentration/ soil concentration)...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Cadmium,
Environmental Health,
Environmental Pollution,
Lead,
Mining,
Many fishes native to the Gila River Basin, Arizona, are on the decline with about 70 percent of the 17 fish species Federally listed as endangered or threatened. The decline has been partly attributed to the introduction of nonnative fishes that are of recreational interest such as catfish and smallmouth bass. Effective management practices are needed to control the nuisance nonnative fishes in Southwestern United States watersheds to prevent further decline of the native species and facilitate their restoration. An effective approach is the use of chemical toxicants to control the nuisance species. One chemical mixture of interest, Supaverm®, a combination of mebendazole and closantel, has been reported to show...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Arizona,
Gila River,
Supaverm,
Toxicity,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Highway runoff has the potential to negatively impact receiving systems including stormwater retention ponds where highway particulate matter can accumulate following runoff events. Tire wear particles, which contain about 1% Zn by mass, make up approximately one-third of the vehicle derived particulates in highway runoff and therefore may serve as a stressor to organisms utilizing retention ponds as habitat. In this study, we focused on the potential contribution of tire debris to Zn accumulation by Rana sylvatica larvae and possible lethal or sublethal impacts resulting from exposure to weathered tire debris during development. Eggs and larvae were exposed to aged sediments (containing either ZnCl2 or tire particulate...
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