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The article discusses a report published by the U.S. Dept. of Energy (DOE) that examined the technical feasibility of using wind energy for electricity generation. The report assessed the costs, impacts and challenges associated with the production of 20% wind energy by 2030. Results have shown that there is a need for an enhanced transmission infrastructure and an increase in turbine installations to achieve 20% wind energy.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Long-term,
U.S.,
implications,
markets,
natural gas,
The combustion of perennial grass biomass to generate electricity may be a promising renewable energy option. Switchgrass (Panicum virgatum) grown as a biofuel has the potential to provide a cash crop for farmers and quality nesting cover for grassland birds. In southwestern Wisconsin (near lat. 42 degrees 52', long. 90 degrees 08'), we investigated the impact of an August harvest of switchgrass for bioenergy on community composition and abundance of Wisconsin grassland bird species of management concern. Harvesting the switchgrass in August resulted in changes in vegetation structure and bird species composition the following nesting season. In harvested transects, residual vegetation was shorter and the litter...
This paper considers the issue of whether shocks to ten commodity prices (gold, silver, platinum, copper, aluminum, iron ore, lead, nickel, tin, and zinc) are persistent or transitory. We use two recently developed unit root tests, namely the Narayan and Popp (NP) [14] test and the Liu and Narayan (LN) [26] test. Both tests allow for two structural breaks in the data series. Using the NP test, we are able to reject the unit root null for iron ore and tin. Using the GARCH-based unit root test of LN, we are able to reject the unit root null for five commodity prices (iron ore, nickel, zinc, lead, and tin). Our findings, thus, suggest that only shocks to gold, silver, platinum, aluminum, and copper are persistent.
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Evidence,
U.S.,
consumption,
natural gas,
permanent,
This study deals with modeling and analyzing the performance of greenhouses from the power plant through the heating system to the greenhouse envelope using exergy analysis method, the so-called low exergy or LowEx approach, which has been and still being successfully used in sustainable buildings design, for the first time to the best of the author’s knowledge. For the heating applications, three options are studied with (i) a solar assisted vertical ground-source heat pump greenhouse heating system, (ii) a wood biomass boiler, and (iii) a natural gas boiler, which are driven by renewable and non-renewable energy sources. In this regard, two various greenhouses, the so-called small greenhouse and large greenhouse,...
In response to the increasing global demand for energy, on exploration and development are expanding into frontier areas of the Arctic, where slow-growing tundra vegetation and the underlying permafrost Soils are Very sensitive to disturbance. The creation of vehicle trails on the tundra from seismic exploration for on has accelerated in the past decade, and the cumulative impact represents a geographic footprint that covers a greater extent of Alaska's North Slope tundra than all other direct human impacts combined. Seismic exploration for on and gas was conducted on the coastal plain of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, Alaska, USA, in the winters of 1984 and 1985. This study documents recovery Of vegetation...
The TIGER/Line shapefiles and related database files (.dbf) are an extract of selected geographic and cartographic information from the U.S. Census Bureau's Master Address File / Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing (MAF/TIGER) Database (MTDB). The MTDB represents a seamless national file with no overlaps or gaps between parts, however, each TIGER/Line shapefile is designed to stand alone as an independent data set, or they can be combined to cover the entire nation. The All Roads Shapefile includes all features within the MTDB Super Class "Road/Path Features" distinguished where the MAF/TIGER Feature Classification Code (MTFCC) for the feature in MTDB that begins with "S". This includes...
Categories: Data;
Types: Downloadable,
GeoTIFF,
Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
Raster,
Shapefile;
Tags: 16059,
Address Range,
County or Equivalent Entity,
County or equivalent entity,
Lemhi,
The LANDFIRE fuel data describe the composition and characteristics of both surface fuel and canopy fuel. Specific products include fire behavior fuel models, canopy bulk density (CBD), canopy base height (CBH), canopy cover (CC), canopy height (CH), and fuel loading models (FLMs). These data may be implemented within models to predict the behavior and effects of wildland fire. These data are useful for strategic fuel treatment prioritization and tactical assessment of fire behavior and effects. DATA SUMMARY: Thirteen typical surface fuel arrangements or "collections of fuel properties" (Anderson 1982) were described to serve as input for Rothermel's mathematical surface fire behavior and spread model (Rothermel...
Sagebrush ecosystems in North America have experienced extensive degradation since European settlement, and continue to further degrade from exotic invasive plants, greater fire frequency, intensive grazing practices, increased oil and gas development, climate change, and other factors. Remote sensing is often identified as a key information source to facilitate broad-area ecosystem-wide characterization, monitoring and analysis, however, approaches that characterize sagebrush with sufficient and accurate local detail across large areas to support ecosystem research and analysis are unavailable. We have developed a new remote sensing sagebrush ecosystem characterization approach for the state of Wyoming, U.S.A....
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3000m Type: 4 Band to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5000 Columns: 5000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG) using The National Map. The...
Types: Citation;
Tags: 0.3 meter orthoimage,
010,
1500 x 1500 meter,
4 Band orthophoto,
Camuy Municipio,
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3000m Type: 4 Band to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5000 Columns: 5000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG) using The National Map. The...
Types: Citation;
Tags: 0.3 meter orthoimage,
010,
1500 x 1500 meter,
4 Band orthophoto,
Downloadable Data,
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3000m Type: 4 Band to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5000 Columns: 5000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG) using The National Map. The...
Types: Citation;
Tags: 0.3 meter orthoimage,
010,
1500 x 1500 meter,
4 Band orthophoto,
Downloadable Data,
"USDA has purchased a Enterprise Premium license for this Orthoimagery dataset from DigitalGlobe, Inc. Any government, education, not-for-profit agency and public/individuals not engaged in using the "Product for Commercial Exploitation or Commercial Purposes" can use this licensed data. Use of this product for Commercial Purposes by a person/company/organization for a profit or fee is strictly prohibited. Please refer to the separately attached license from DigitalGlobe, Inc. for additional information. Digital orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a digital image with the geometric qualities of a map. The primary dynamic digital orthophoto is a 60 centimeter ground resolution, image cast to the customer...
"USDA has purchased a Enterprise Premium license for this Orthoimagery dataset from DigitalGlobe, Inc. Any government, education, not-for-profit agency and public/individuals not engaged in using the "Product for Commercial Exploitation or Commercial Purposes" can use this licensed data. Use of this product for Commercial Purposes by a person/company/organization for a profit or fee is strictly prohibited. Please refer to the separately attached license from DigitalGlobe, Inc. for additional information. Digital orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a digital image with the geometric qualities of a map. The primary dynamic digital orthophoto is a 60 centimeter ground resolution, image cast to the customer...
"USDA has purchased a Enterprise Premium license for this Orthoimagery dataset from DigitalGlobe, Inc. Any government, education, not-for-profit agency and public/individuals not engaged in using the "Product for Commercial Exploitation or Commercial Purposes" can use this licensed data. Use of this product for Commercial Purposes by a person/company/organization for a profit or fee is strictly prohibited. Please refer to the separately attached license from DigitalGlobe, Inc. for additional information. Digital orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a digital image with the geometric qualities of a map. The primary dynamic digital orthophoto is a 50 centimeter ground resolution, image cast to the customer...
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3000m Type: 4 Band to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5000 Columns: 5000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG) using The National Map. The...
Types: Citation;
Tags: 0.3 meter orthoimage,
010,
1500 x 1500 meter,
4 Band orthophoto,
Downloadable Data,
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3000m Type: 4 Band to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5000 Columns: 5000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG) using The National Map. The...
Types: Citation;
Tags: 0.3 meter orthoimage,
010,
1500 x 1500 meter,
4 Band orthophoto,
Downloadable Data,
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3048 m Type: Natural Color to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5,000 Columns: 5,000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG). The naming convention...
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3048 m Type: Natural Color to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5,000 Columns: 5,000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG). The naming convention...
An orthoimage is remotely sensed image data in which displacement of features in the image caused by terrain relief and sensor orientation have been mathematically removed. Orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a photograph with the geometric qualities of a map. There is no image overlap between adjacent files. Data received at Earth Resources Observation and Science Center (EROS) were reprojected from: Projection: NAD_1983_StatePlane_Puerto_Rico_Virgin_Islands_FIPS_5200 Resolution: 0.3048 m Type: Natural Color to: Standard Product Projection: NAD_1983_UTM_Zone_19N Standard Product Resolution: 0.3000 m Rows: 5,000 Columns: 5,000 and resampled to align to the U.S. National Grid (USNG). The naming convention...
"USDA has purchased a Enterprise Premium license for this Orthoimagery dataset from DigitalGlobe, Inc. Any government, education, not-for-profit agency and public/individuals not engaged in using the "Product for Commercial Exploitation or Commercial Purposes" can use this licensed data. Use of this product for Commercial Purposes by a person/company/organization for a profit or fee is strictly prohibited. Please refer to the separately attached license from DigitalGlobe, Inc. for additional information. Digital orthoimagery combines the image characteristics of a digital image with the geometric qualities of a map. The primary dynamic digital orthophoto is a 60 centimeter ground resolution, image cast to the customer...
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