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Yields of winter wheat, silage maize and grain maize in the main arable areas of the European Union (E.U.) were calculated with a simulation model, WOFOST, using historical weather data and average soil characteristics. The sensitivity of the model to individual weather variables was determined.Subsequent analyses were made using climate change scenarios with and without the direct effects of increased atmospheric CO 2. The impact of crop management in a changed climate was also assessed. The various climate change scenarios used appear to yield considerably different changes in yield, both for each location and for the E.U. as a whole.
Since last century, modern agriculture has depended on fossil fuels. New Zealand is one of the three countries with the highest energy input per unit (in agriculture) in the world. Furthermore, in terms of shipping, the influence of increasing fuel costs in the world is greater on New Zealand farming than in other countries. This study examined fuel consumption in wheat production in New Zealand (Canterbury area). Fuel consumption in wheat production was analyzed based on the operational fuel consumption by field machinery. Total fuel consumption in wheat production was estimated at 65.3 l/ha. On average fuel consumption in tillage and harvesting are more than in other operations with 29.6 l/ha (45%) and 18 l/ha...
A national assessment (NA) evaluated the potential consequences of climate change and variability on the agriculture, water resources, as well as other economic and natural resource sectors in the United States. As part of this process, we used scenarios of the HadCM2 GCM and the EPIC agroecosystem model to evaluate climate-change impacts on crop yields and ecosystem processes. Baseline climate data were obtained from national records for 1961–1990. The scenario runs for 2025–2034 and 2090–2099 were extracted from a HadCM2 run. EPIC was run on 204 representative farms under current climate and two 10-year periods centered on 2030 and 2095, each at CO2 concentrations of 365 and 560 ppm. Crops were simulated under...
Since last century, modern agriculture has depended on fossil fuels. New Zealand is one of the three countries with the highest energy input per unit (in agriculture) in the world. Furthermore, in terms of shipping, the influence of increasing fuel costs in the world is greater on New Zealand farming than in other countries. This study examined fuel consumption in wheat production in New Zealand (Canterbury area). Fuel consumption in wheat production was analyzed based on the operational fuel consumption by field machinery. Total fuel consumption in wheat production was estimated at 65.3 l/ha. On average fuel consumption in tillage and harvesting are more than in other operations with 29.6 l/ha (45%) and 18 l/ha...