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PRD1, an icosahedra-shaped, 62 nm (diameter), double-stranded DNA bacteriophage with an internal membrane, has emerged as an important model virus for studying the manner in which microorganisms are transported through a variety of groundwater environments. The popularity of this phage for use in transport studies involving geologic media is due, in part, to its relative stability over a range of temperatures and low degree of attachment in aquifer sediments. Laboratory and field investigations employing PRD1 are leading to a better understanding of viral attachment and transport behaviors in saturated geologic media and to improved methods for describing mathematically subsurface microbial transport at environmentally...
The present chapter focuses on the laboratory and field experiments that are used to quantify rates of biogeochemical processes and develop conceptual models of the role of bacteria in the carbon and energy flow in subsurface environments. Several integrated studies are presented that used multidisciplinary approach to examine the evolution of groundwater ecosystems. Because of the increasing i...
In this chapter, the laboratory and field techniques for studying microbial transport behaviour in aquifer materials and model porous media are described and discussed.