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Societal concerns about the social and environmental impacts of biofuel production are driving producers to adopt better management practices. Existing certification schemes for sustainable biofuel production are, however, biased towards industrial-scale producers that have the financial capital and economies of scale to meet sustainability and certification objectives. Smallholder farmers in developing countries, by contrast, often lack the means and capacity to do so. Some of the challenges faced by smallholders include high certification costs, insufficient institutional capacity, inadequate financial and social incentives, poor group organization and lack of external support. Drawing lessons from existing certification...
Societal concerns about the social and environmental impacts of biofuel production are driving producers to adopt better management practices. Existing certification schemes for sustainable biofuel production are, however, biased towards industrial-scale producers that have the financial capital and economies of scale to meet sustainability and certification objectives. Smallholder farmers in developing countries, by contrast, often lack the means and capacity to do so. Some of the challenges faced by smallholders include high certification costs, insufficient institutional capacity, inadequate financial and social incentives, poor group organization and lack of external support. Drawing lessons from existing certification...
The study of seascapes, the area where humans interact with the ocean, and particularly, how people ascribe meaning to their observations, interactions, and relationships to the sea is directly pertinent to the management of our ocean resources. Through our interviews with respected ocean users we learned the difficulties and potential of mapping ocean currents and ocean use areas and how these ocean experts have perceived change in the environment. In Hilo Hawaiʻi, we interviewed ocean experts (people recommended for the ocean knowledge), and surfers of all ages and experience at Honoliʻi. We also collected physical environmental data for Hilo Bay and ocean user presence counts for beaches within this County. Understanding...