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Two different great basin perimeter files were intersected and dissolved to create the outer perimeter of the great basin for use modeling long-term wildfire effects on sage-grouse population growth, and development of sage-grouse concentration areas based on modeled habitat quality, lek density, and population abundance (Coates et al. 2015). These two perimeter files included a 1:1,000,000 map of hydrographic areas in the Great Basin) (Buto 2009), and vegetation characteristics (Karl et al. 2001). The resulting Modified Great Basin Extent represented a combination of hydrographic and floristic features best suited for the defining the spatial extent of the analyses. To ensure moving window analyses of habitat and...
Rapid seedling growth and ability to compete against cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.) are 2 characteristics that perennial grasses must have for successful establishment on semiarid western rangelands. This study was conducted to determine the effects of temperature and competition from cheatgrass on seedling root and shoot growth of 'Hycrest' crested wheatgrass [Agropyron desertorum (Fisch. ex Link) Schult. � A. cristatum (L.) Gaert.] and 'Whitmar' bluebunch wheatgrass (Pseudoroegneria spicata (Pursh) L�ve]. For the temperature study, seedlings were grown in growth chambers with alternate 12-h day/night temperatures of 10/5, 15/5, and 20/5� C. Seedlings were destructively harvested on 6 dates and evaluated for 14...
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We present an approach to quantitatively assess nonnative plant invasions at landscape scales from both habitat and species perspectives. Our case study included 34 nonnative species found in 142 plots (0.1 ha) in 14 vegeta- tion types within the Grand Staircase–Escalante National Monument, Utah. A plot invasion index, based on nonnative species richness and cover, showed that only 16 of 142 plots were heavily invaded. A species invasive index, based on frequency, cover, and number of vegetation types invaded, showed that only 7 of 34 plant species were highly invasive. Multiple regressions using habitat characteristics (moisture index, elevation, soil P, native species richness, maximum crust development class,...
The ecological integrity of Sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) ecosystems in the Intermountain West (U.S.A.) has been diminished by synergistic relationships among human activities, spread of invasive plants, and altered disturbance regimes. An aggressive effort to restore Sagebrush habitats is necessary if we are to stabilize or improve current habitat trajectories and reverse declining population trends of dependent wildlife. Existing economic resources, technical impediments, and logistic difficulties limit our efforts to a fraction of the extensive area undergoing fragmentation, degradation, and loss. We prioritized landscapes for restoring Sagebrush habitats within the intermountain western region of the United States...
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Comparison of Singh and Glenn (2009) cheatgrass mapping in Big Desert project site with Bradley and Mustard (2005) study. These data are provided by Bureau of Land Management (BLM) "as is" and may contain errors or omissions. The User assumes the entire risk associated with its use of these data and bears all responsibility in determining whether these data are fit for the User's intended use. These data may not have the accuracy, resolution, completeness, timeliness, or other characteristics appropriate for applications that potential users of the data may contemplate. The User is encouraged to carefully consider the content of the metadata file associated with these data. The BLM should be cited as the data source...
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Invasive annual grasses, such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L.), have proliferated in dryland ecosystems of the western United States, promoting increased fire activity and reduced biodiversity that can be detrimental to socio-environmental systems. Monitoring exotic annual grass cover and dynamics over large areas requires the use of remote sensing that can support early detection and rapid response initiatives. Here, we integrated in situ observations, weekly composites of harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) data, maps of biophysical variables (e.g. soils and topography) and machine learning techniques to develop fractional estimates of exotic annual grass cover at a 30-m spatial resolution from 2016 to 2018....
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The “Dieoff” contains every year’s cheatgrass dieoff maps as .png files. This also contains the Dieoff Probability map, also as a .png file.
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These datasets provide early estimates of 2023 fractional cover for exotic annual grass (EAG) species and one native perennial grass species on a weekly basis from May to early July. The EAG estimates are developed typically within 7-13 days of the latest satellite observation used for that version. Each weekly release contains four fractional cover maps along with their corresponding confidence maps for: 1) a group of 16 species of EAGs, 2) cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum); 3) medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae); and 4) Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda). These datasets were generated leveraging field observations from Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring (AIM) data plots; Harmonized...
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FY2014The project team surveyed land managers working on invasive weeds in the west. These surveys provided information for the Western Association of Fish and Wildlife (WAFWA) Wildfire and Invasive Species Initiative Working Group. The survey results and other findings were used to inform a report titled Invasive Plant Management and Greater Sage-Grouse Conservation,published last spring.
This presentation aired as part of the Great Basin LCC webinar series on November 29, 2017. The presentation was given by Bruce Roundy of Brigham Young University.In this webinar, Dr. Bruce Roundy of Brigham Young University discusses climatic conditions that favor cheatgrass and those that favor desirable perennial herbs. He explains why conditions that favor cheatgrass are associated with less resistance and those that favor perennial herbs are associated with more resilience. The presentation suggests ways to increase resistance to weeds and system resilience when planning fuel control treatments in sagebrush steppe.
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Single sequence repeat (SSR) and amplified fragment length polymorphic (AFLP) molecular marker genotypes in cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum) were compared to published data on phenotypic variation in seed dormancy, vernalization requirement, and resistance to the pathogen Ustilago bullata. Several features of cheatgrass facilitated this study: it is a recent invader in the western United States, has considerable phenotypic polymorphism, and is an obligate self-pollinator. Forty self-pollinating lines from four populations common to the three phenotypic data sets were analyzed for molecular genetic variation using seven SSR loci and 31 AFLP loci. We examined correlations between distance matrices using the Mantel test...
Biological invasions can be substantially influenced by the genetic sampling associated with a species? introduction. As a result, we assessed the genetic and evolutionary consequences of the entry and spread of the invasive grass Bromus tectorum (cheatgrass) across the United States midcontinent through an analysis of 54 populations, using enzyme electrophoresis. On average, these populations display 1.04 alleles per locus (A), 4.1% percent polymorphic loci per population (%P) and an expected mean heterozygosity (Hexp) value of 0.009. Heterozygotes, which have been rarely reported for B. tectorum in North America, occur in three populations in the midcontinent and are likely novel multilocus genotypes that arose...
Cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum L., Poaceae), an introduced winter annual, has invaded a variety of habitats in western North America. This study examines variation in cheatgrass germination response and after-ripening patterns that are related to differences in habitat and to yearly differences in weather conditions during seed maturation. Seeds collected from five contrasting populations in 1992 and 1993 were subjected to controlled dry storage and then incubated across a range of temperatures. Recently harvested seeds were dormant and germinated slowly, while fully after-ripened seeds were nondormant and germinated rapidly. The optimal incubation temperature for mean germination time shifted from 5:15 to 20:30 °C...
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Cheatgrass locations within Grazing Allotments. These data are provided by Bureau of Land Management (BLM) "as is" and may contain errors or omissions. The User assumes the entire risk associated with its use of these data and bears all responsibility in determining whether these data are fit for the User's intended use. These data may not have the accuracy, resolution, completeness, timeliness, or other characteristics appropriate for applications that potential users of the data may contemplate. The User is encouraged to carefully consider the content of the metadata file associated with these data. The BLM should be cited as the data source in any products derived from these data.
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The spatial context of invasions is increasingly recognized as important for the success and efficiency of management actions. This information can be key for managing invasive grasses that threaten native ecosystems. We calculated landscape metrics and circuit-based centrality for invasive grasses using a source input raster of weighted-average annual herbaceous cover from 2016-2018 (Maestas et al. 2020, 30 meter resolution) in the Great Basin, USA. This shapefile data product includes the summarized landscape metrics and connectivity metrics for 15 kilometer grid cells (n = 2408) across the Great Basin, USA. Metrics for each grid cell include: mean patch area (area_mn), class area (ca), number of patches (np),...
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These datasets provide early estimates of 2022 fractional cover for exotic annual grass (EAG) species and one native perennial grass species on a bi-weekly basis from May to early July. The EAG estimates are developed within one week of the latest satellite observation used for that version. Each bi-weekly release contains four fractional cover maps along with their corresponding confidence maps for: 1) a group of 16 species of EAGs, 2) cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum); 3) medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae); and 4) Sandberg bluegrass (Poa secunda). These datasets were generated leveraging field observations from Bureau of Land Management (BLM) Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring (AIM) data plots; Harmonized Landsat...
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Invasion of exotic annual grass (EAG), such as cheatgrass (Bromus tectorum), red brome (Bromus rubens), and medusahead (Taeniatherum caput-medusae), could have irreversible degradation impact to arid and semiarid rangeland ecosystems in the western United States. The distribution and abundance of these EAG species are highly influenced by weather variables such as temperature and precipitation. We set out to develop a machine learning modelling approach using a lightGBM algorithm to predict how changes in annual and immediate past precipitation regimes impact the abundance of EAG in the study area. The predictive model primarily utilized edaphic and weather variables and a seed source proxy from previous years to...
Bromus species – such as cheatgrass – are exotic annual grasses that have become the dominant annual grasses in the western hemisphere. Their spread and impacts across the western United States continue despite the many attempts by land managers to control these species. A new book edited by scientists from the U.S. Geological Survey, U.S. Forest Service and Colorado State University answers critical research, planning, and management questions about these species. The book synthesizes available literature on the biology, ecology, sociology and economics of Bromus grasses to develop a more complete picture of the factors that influence their invasiveness, impacts, and management in the western United States. Lessons...
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The dataset provides an estimate of 2020 herbaceous mostly annual fractional cover predicted on May 1st with an emphasis on annual exotic grasses Historically, similar maps were produced at a spatial resolution of 250m (Boyte et al. 2019 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9ZEK5M1., Boyte et al. 2018 https://doi.org/10.5066/P9KSR9Z4.), but we are now mapping at a 30m resolution (Pastick et al. 2020 doi:10.3390/rs12040725). This dataset was generated using in situ observations from Bureau of Land Management’s (BLM) Assessment, Inventory, and Monitoring data (AIM) plots; weekly composites of harmonized Landsat and Sentinel-2 (HLS) data (https://hls.gsfc.nasa.gov/); relevant environmental, vegetation, remotely sensed, and geophysical...
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Many studies have quantified plant invasions by determining patterns of non-native species establishment (i.e. richness and absolute cover). Until recently, dominance has been largely overlooked as a significant component of invasion. Therefore, we re-examined a 6-year data set of 323 0.1 ha plots within 18 vegetation types collected in the Grand Staircase-Escalante National Monument from 1998 to 2003, including dominance (i.e. relative cover) in our analyses. We specifically focused on the non-native species Bromus tectorum, a notable dominant annual grass in this system. We found that non-native species establishment and dominance are both occurring in species-rich, mesic vegetation types. Therefore, non-native...
map background search result map search result map Evaluating dominance as a component of non-native species invasions Evaluating plant invasions from both habitat and species perspectives Correlation between molecular markers and adaptively significant genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae), an inbreedingannual grass Modifed Great Basin Extent (Buffered) Invasive Species Management Contributions to Greater Sage-grouse Conservation West-wide. BLM REA NGB 2011 Cheatgrass within Grazing Allotments in the NGB BLM REA NGB 2011 Cheatgrass from Singh and Glenn Study Fractional estimates of invasive annual grass cover in dryland ecosystems of western United States (2016 – 2018) Early estimates of Annual Exotic Herbaceous Fractional Cover in the Sagebrush Ecosystem, USA, May 2020 2. Early Estimates of Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) in the Sagebrush Biome, USA, 2022 (ver 3.0, May 18th, 2022) Landscape and connectivity metrics based on invasive annual grass cover from 2016-2018 summarized at 15 kilometer grid cells in the Great Basin, USA Predicted exotic annual grass abundance in rangelands of the western United States using various precipitation scenarios for 2022 Early Estimates of Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) in the Sagebrush Biome, USA, 2023 (ver. 6.0, June 2023) Evaluating dominance as a component of non-native species invasions Evaluating plant invasions from both habitat and species perspectives Invasive Species Management Contributions to Greater Sage-grouse Conservation West-wide. Correlation between molecular markers and adaptively significant genetic variation in Bromus tectorum (Poaceae), an inbreedingannual grass Landscape and connectivity metrics based on invasive annual grass cover from 2016-2018 summarized at 15 kilometer grid cells in the Great Basin, USA Modifed Great Basin Extent (Buffered) Early estimates of Annual Exotic Herbaceous Fractional Cover in the Sagebrush Ecosystem, USA, May 2020 Fractional estimates of invasive annual grass cover in dryland ecosystems of western United States (2016 – 2018) BLM REA NGB 2011 Cheatgrass within Grazing Allotments in the NGB BLM REA NGB 2011 Cheatgrass from Singh and Glenn Study 2. Early Estimates of Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) in the Sagebrush Biome, USA, 2022 (ver 3.0, May 18th, 2022) Predicted exotic annual grass abundance in rangelands of the western United States using various precipitation scenarios for 2022 Early Estimates of Exotic Annual Grass (EAG) in the Sagebrush Biome, USA, 2023 (ver. 6.0, June 2023)