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These data are netcdf files of the projected timing of the onset of thermal stress severe enough (>8 Degree Heating Weeks) to cause coral bleaching 2x per decade and 10x per decade (annual) under emissions scenarios RCP8.5 and RCP4.5. The projected timing (a year between 2006 and 2100) is the data value. Values are only shown for the ~60,000 four-km pixels where coral reefs are known to occur.
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation,
NetCDF OPeNDAP Service;
Tags: Climate change,
Coral bleaching,
Coral reefs,
Global,
Marine ecology,
This dataset depicts relative erosion rate derived for all land draining above the Mesoamerican reef. It is a function of slope, land cover type, precipitation and soil type. The indicators developed by the Reefs at Risk in the Caribbean project enable detailed comparative analyses of threats on many scales. The Reefs at Risk indicators are a simplification of human activities and complex natural processes. This data set was derived at the World Resources Institute for input to the sedimentation and pollution from watershed based sources threat analysis. Agriculture, though important to economic development and food security, is a source of increased sediment, nutrient, and pesticide runoff. Threats from sedimentation...
Using basins derived from a hydrologically-corrected 30m resolution DEM as a unit for summary statistics, we provide a series of indicators focused on land-based sources of threat within the US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico. This includes indicators of a) the relative vulnerability of the land to erosion (based on slope, precipitation and soil erodibility); b) the relative erosion potential (REP) of the land, based on the relative vulnerability of the land, coupled with the current land cover type; c) the sediment delivery rate for each basin (percentage of eroded which reaches the river mouth); d) estimated sediment delivery for the basin, given current land use;
To capture cumulative threat in a given location, the four threats in the Reefs at Risk Caribbean analysis - coastal development, marine-based, sedimentation and overfishing - were integrated into a single index - the Reefs at Risk Threat Index.
Grid reflects the estimated frequency of severe thermal stress (NOAA Bleaching Alert Level 2) for decade 2030. Values are a percent (as integer) of the decade in which the grid cell would experience severe thermal stress under an IPCC "business-as-usual" emissions scenario. The specific indicator used in the model was the frequency (number of years in the decade) that the bleaching threshold is reached at least once. Frequencies were adjusted to account for historical sea surface temperature variability. Values range from 0 to 100. See the Reefs at Risk Revisited report and technical notes for more information.
To capture cumulative threat in a given location, the four threats in the Reefs at Risk Caribbean analysis - coastal development, marine-based, sedimentation and overfishing - were integrated into a single index - the Reefs at Risk Threat Index.
Acanthurid surgeonfishes are an abundant and diverse group of herbivorous fishes on coral reefs. While their contribution to trophic linkages and dynamics in coral reef systems has received considerable attention, the role of linkages involving their parasites has not. As both consumers of fish tissue and prey to microcarnivores, external parasites can play a significant role in trophic transfer between the primarily algae-based food source and the broader coral reef community. Stable isotope analysis is a common tool for studying trophic linkages, which can be used for studies involving parasites. These data were collected to examine the stable isotope ecology (13C and 15N) of copepod (Caligus atromaculatus) and...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Aquatic Biology,
Ecology,
Ecology,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Virgin Islands of the United States,
This dataset consists of physics-based Delft3D model and Delwaq model input files used in modeling sediment deposition and concentrations around the coral reefs of west Maui, Hawaii. The Delft3D models were used to simulate waves and currents under small (SC1) and large (‘SC2’) wave conditions for current stream discharge (‘Alt1’) and stream discharge with watershed restoration (‘Alt3’). Delft3D model results were subsequently used as forcing conditions for Delwaq models to simulate sediment transport and dispersion. The Delwaq models were used to simulate sediment transport and concentrations under the same two wave and stream discharge scenarios. The Delwaq models were run using forcing conditions generated by...
Categories: Data;
Tags: CMHRP,
Coastal and Marine Hazards and Resources Program,
Environmental Health,
Geography,
Geomorphology,
Time-series data of water-surface elevation, wave height, water-column currents, temperature were acquired for 6 days off the north coast of the island of Kauai, Hawaii in support of a study on the coastal circulation patterns and groundwater input to the coral reefs of Makua.
OBIS-USA brings together marine biological occurrence data – recorded observations of identifiable marine species at a known time and place, collected primarily from U.S. Waters or with U.S. funding. Coordinated by the Science Analytics and Synthesis (SAS) Program of the United States Geological Survey (USGS), OBIS-USA, strives to meet national data integration and dissemination needs for marine data about organisms and ecosystems. OBIS-USA is part of an international data sharing network (Ocean Biodiversity Information System, OBIS) coordinated by the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission, of UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Science and Cultural Organization) International Oceanographic Data and Information...
As a low-lying coastal nation, the Republic of the Marshall Islands is at the forefront of exposure to climate change impacts. The Republic of the Marshall Islands has a strong dependence on natural resources and biodiversity not only for food and income but also for culture and livelihood. However, these resources are threatened by rising sea levels and associated coastal hazards (storm surges, saltwater intrusion, erosion, etc.). High-quality data for atoll ‘ridge to reef’ (land and ocean) areas are needed to provide remote communities with the tools and strategies to make adaptation efforts before disasters occur. Although the Republic of the Marshall Islands’ National Strategic Plans recognize the need to...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2020,
CASC,
Coral Reefs,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Data Visualization & Tools,
A cocktail of land-based sources of pollution threatens coral reef ecosystems, and addressing these has become a key management and policy challenge in the State of Hawaii, other US territories, and globally. In West Maui, Hawai'i, nearly one quarter of all living corals were lost between 1995 and 2008. Onsite disposal systems (OSDS) for sewage leak contaminants into drinking water sources and nearshore waters. In recognition of this risk, the Hawaii State Department of Health (DOH) is prioritizing areas for cesspool upgrades. Independently, we applied a decision analysis process to identify priority areas to address sewage pollution from OSDS in West Maui, with the objective of reducing nearshore coral reef exposure...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Coral Reefs,
Data Visualization & Tools,
Pacific Islands CASC,
Science Tools For Managers,
Water, Coasts and Ice
Reducing coral reef vulnerability to climate change requires that managers understand and support the natural resilience of coral reefs. We define coral reef resilience as: the capacity of a reef to resist and/or recover from disturbance given its probable exposure regime, and maintain provision of ecosystem goods and services. Spatial variation in exposure to disturbance and the resilience of reefs in the face of those disturbances will determine the fate of coral reefs within management jurisdictions. This project sought to: (1) undertake ecological resilience assessments in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI), which is in the west Pacific near Guam, and (2) collaboratively develop a decision-support...
Categories: Publication;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Climate Change,
Coral Reef,
Coral Reefs,
Mariana Islands,
Pacific Islands CASC,
This Project Snapshot provides a brief overview of the project "Coral reef resilience to climate change in the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands".
Agriculture, though important to economic development and food security, is a source of increased sediment, nutrient, and pesticide runoff. Threats from sedimentation and pollution from inland sources were modeled for over 3,000 watersheds discharging into the Caribbean.
Reef polygons have been classified by integrated local threats, plus thermal stress and acidification projected to 2050. Values of 0 indicate low threat, 100 indicate medium threat, 1000 indicate high threat, 1500 indicate very high threat, and 2000 indicate critical threat.
Coral ecosystems of West Maui support a vibrant tourism industry and provide tangible economic benefits to the community. Hawaiian nearshore reefs generate about $800 million in annual revenue, not including the ecosystem services they provide - such as critical habitat for diverse fish species and buffering coasts from storm surges. The Hawaiian economy depends on healthy coral ecosystems, yet reefs are currently facing multiple threats, including changing climate conditions, local land-based pollution, and sediment erosion. Erosion of soils into nearshore coastal zones is a chief concern facing land managers in West Maui. Intermittent rainfall can carry sediment from sources such as dirt roads, agricultural fields,...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2015,
CASC,
Completed,
Coral Reefs,
Coral Reefs,
NOAA’s Deep Sea Coral Research and Technology Program (DSCRTP) is compiling a national database of the locations of deep-sea corals and sponges, beginning in U.S. waters. The DSCRTP will make this information accessible to resource managers, the scientific community, and the public over the World Wide Web. The database fulfills NOAA’s requirements under the Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act (MSA) to identify and map locations of deep-sea corals and to submit this information for use by regional fishery management councils. At present, there is no comprehensive, national-scale data portal for deep-sea corals and sponges. Given the authorities outlined in MSA, NOAA’s Deep Sea Coral Research...
Categories: Data;
Types: Citation;
Tags: Arctic Ocean,
Atlantic Ocean,
Caribbean Sea,
Gulf of Mexico,
North America,
Ecosystems such as coral reefs and mangroves provide an effective first line of defense against coastal hazards and represent a promising nature-based solution to adapt to sea-level rise. In many areas, coral reefs cause waves to break and lose energy, allowing for sediment to accumulate on the inshore portion of reef flats (i.e. the shallowest, flattest part of a reef) and mangroves to establish. Mangroves cause further attenuation (i.e. energy loss) waves and storm surge as water moves through roots and trunks of the trees. Together, these ecosystems provide valuable protection from coastal flooding, but is unclear how this protection may be affected by sea-level rise. An assessment of future sea-level rise vulnerability...
Categories: Project;
Types: Map Service,
OGC WFS Layer,
OGC WMS Layer,
OGC WMS Service;
Tags: 2020,
CASC,
Coral Reefs,
Coral Reefs,
Data Visualization & Tools,
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