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This dataset contains observations of the distribution of end-of-summer snow cover on approximately 3000 glaciers across Alaska and Northwest Canada. The data are provided as: (1) GeoTIFF rasters indicating the spatial extent of end-of-summer snow cover on each glacier's surface in each year (one raster per glacier per year), and (2) yearly tables with the equilibrium line altitude and the accumulation area ratio of the glaciers derived from the snow cover extent geotiffs. Snow cover was identified in Sentinel-2 imagery using a random forest algorithm trained with a manually-created validation dataset. A series of post-processing steps were used to infill missing data from terrain shadowing and cloud cover, and...
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The "MasterDB-csv-final2" dataset includes 548 laboratory measurements of sediment total mercury (STHg, nanograms per gram of soil, dry), bulk density (BD, grams per cm3 of soil, dry), percent of soil organic matter (%OM, loss on ignition, LOI), percent of soil organic carbon (%SOC, calculated using the Redfield's number), RHgC (Hg to carbon ratio), and age (YBP) from 13 permafrost cores collected from 2004 to 2012 in the interoir and northern slope of Alaska by trained personnel from the U.S. Geological Survey National Research Program and the National Snow and Ice Data Center in Boulder, Colorado.
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site,surveys were performed...
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Information on the nature and distribution of permafrost is critical to assessing the response of Arctic ecosystems to climate change, because thawing permafrost under a warming climate will cause thaw settlement and affect micro-topography, surface water redistribution and groundwater movement, soil carbon balance, trace gas emissions, vegetation changes, and habitat use. While a small-scale regional permafrost map is available, as well as information from numerous site-specific large-scale mapping projects, landscape-level mapping of permafrost characteristics is needed for regional modeling and climate impact assessments. The project addresses this need by: (1) compiling existing soil/permafrost data from available...
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The Terrestrial Environmental Observation Network (TEON) is intended to meet the need for a sustainable environmental observing network for northern Alaska. The TEON plan proposes collection of a time series of specific environmental variables in seven representative watersheds across northern Alaska. The Kuparuk River watershed is central to this plan both because of its location that bisects Alaska’s North Slope and its record of hydroclimatic data and research now surpassing 30-yrs. Nested catchments within and adjacent to this sentinel Arctic river system integrate climate and landscape responses from the Brooks Range foothills (Imnavait Creek and Upper Kuparuk River) to the Arctic Coastal Plain (Putuligayuk...
Categories: Data, Project; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AIR TEMPERATURE, AIR TEMPERATURE, ATMOSPHERE, ATMOSPHERE, Academics & scientific researchers, All tags...
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Information on the nature and distribution of permafrost is critical to assessing the response of Arctic ecosystems to climate change, because thawing permafrost under a warming climate will cause thaw settlement and affect micro-topography, surface water redistribution and groundwater movement, soil carbon balance, trace gas emissions, vegetation changes, and habitat use. While a small-scale regional permafrost map is available, as well as information from numerous site-specific large-scale mapping projects, landscape-level mapping of permafrost characteristics is needed for regional modeling and climate impact assessments. The project addresses this need by: (1) compiling existing soil/permafrost data from available...
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Map of the Upper Koyukuk River Area and location of proposed observation sites (numbered circles). This large area drains the southern Brooks Range ecoregion and extends downstream into the Kobuk Ridges and Valleys outside of the Arctic LCC boundary. Compared to other sites in TEON, these rivers are larger basins and reflect higher relief landscapes. Inset shows the location of the seven TEON focal watersheds. Image by Arctic LCC staff.
Categories: Data; Types: Map Service, OGC WFS Layer, OGC WMS Layer, OGC WMS Service; Tags: AIR TEMPERATURE, AIR TEMPERATURE, ATMOSPHERE, ATMOSPHERE, Academics & scientific researchers, All tags...
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Information on the nature and distribution of permafrost is critical to assessing the response of Arctic ecosystems to climate change, because thawing permafrost under a warming climate will cause thaw settlement and affect micro-topography, surface water redistribution and groundwater movement, soil carbon balance, trace gas emissions, vegetation changes, and habitat use. While a small-scale regional permafrost map is available, as well as information from numerous site-specific large-scale mapping projects, landscape-level mapping of permafrost characteristics is needed for regional modeling and climate impact assessments. The project addresses this need by: (1) compiling existing soil/permafrost data from available...
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The 1966 polygons included in this data release represent the main body portion of the 37 named glaciers of Glacier National Park (GNP) and 2 named glaciers on the U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land. This is a subset of the original mapping effort derived from 1:24000 scale mapping of named glaciers and permanent snowfields within Glacier National Park, Montana which were digitized by Richard Menicke (Glacier National Park) and Carl Key (U.S. Geological Survey) in 1993. These data are based on USGS 7.5 minute quadrangle mapping published from 1966 through 1968 which were the result of the earliest park-wide aerial surveys of snow and ice features in GNP. Examination of the aerial photographs shows...
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Surface-based 2D electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) surveys were used to investigate the distribution of permafrost at wetland sites on the alluvial plain north of the Tanana River, 20 km southwest of Fairbanks, Alaska, in June and September 2014. The sites contained habitat types characteristic of interior Alaska, including thermokarst bog, forested permafrost plateau, and a rich fen. These habitats range from treed to open and vary in groundcover vegetation and peat thickness. Individual surveys used a cable with 56 electrodes at 2-m spacing. At a fen site, ERT surveys were performed across a mixed spruce forest area across a vegetation gradient into an open fen area. At a bog site,surveys were performed...
Permafrost is a unique characteristic of polar regions and high mountains and is fundamentalto geomorphic processes and ecological development in permafrost-affected environments.Because permafrost impedes drainage and ice-rich permafrost settles upon thawing, degradationof permafrost in response to climate change will have large consequences for tundra and borealecosystems (Osterkamp 2005, Jorgenson and Osterkamp 2005, Shur and Osterkamp 2007,Jorgenson et al. 2010, 2013). Thawing permafrost affects surface hydrology by impoundingwater in subsiding areas and enhances drainage of upland areas. Changes in soil drainage altersoil carbon dynamics, habitats for vegetation and wildlife, and emissions of greenhouse gases(Ping...
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Information on the nature and distribution of permafrost is critical to assessing the response of Arctic ecosystems to climate change, because thawing permafrost under a warming climate will cause thaw settlement and affect micro-topography, surface water redistribution and groundwater movement, soil carbon balance, trace gas emissions, vegetation changes, and habitat use. While a small-scale regional permafrost map is available, as well as information from numerous site-specific large-scale mapping projects, landscape-level mapping of permafrost characteristics is needed for regional modeling and climate impact assessments. The project addresses this need by: (1) compiling existing soil/permafrost data from available...
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These polygon features represent the maximum extent of the 37 named glaciers in Glacier National Park and two glaciers on U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land during the peak of the Little Ice Age (mid-nineteenth century). Glacial margins are based on moraine deposits that result from active glaciation, and do not depict perennial snow and ice. Moraines were digitized based on WorldView imagery acquired on the following dates: 20141019, 20150822, 20150912, 20150925, 20160821, 20160915 (World View 01 and World View 03 satellites). High resolution imagery was supplemented with oblique aerial photographs flown in 2009 and 2016, historic photographs from the USGS photograph collection, and field notes...
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To determine minimum coverage of perennial snow and ice cover for Glacier National Park, the minimum extent of glaciers and multi-year snow features were digitized from satellite imagery (10-meter NAPP 2003, NAIP 2005, and NAIP 2013, and 30-cm resolution, multispectral, pansharpened Digital Globe WorldView satellite imagery collected in late summer and fall 2015). Features were digitized in ArcGIS version 10.2 using a Wacom Intuos 4 digitizing tablet. Snow and ice features were classified as glacier, large ice mass, or perennial snow/ice. Glaciers were based on current, named glaciers. Remnant ice features not large enough to be classified as glaciers, but showing evidence of crevasses, were classified as large...
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These polygon features represent digitization of the glacier margins for the 37 named glaciers of Glacier National Park (GNP) and two glaciers on U.S. Forest Service’s Flathead National Forest land, derived from 2015 satellite imagery. The polygons represent only the main body portion of each glacier as it appeared in 2015 satellite imagery. Disconnected patches are not included as this dataset represents only the main body features of the named glaciers in GNP and environs. Polygons were digitized from WorldView imagery acquired on the following source dates: 20150822, 20150912, 20150915, 20150925 (World View 01 satellite). Initial digitization was completed by Melissa Brett, PSU graduate student. This set of polygons...
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The U.S. National Ice Core Laboratory (NICL) is a National Science Foundation (NSF) facility for storing, curating, and studying meteoric ice cores recovered from the glaciated regions of the world; mostly from Antarctica and Greenland. The NICL is funded by the NSF Division of Polar Programs and operated by the USGS; and the NICL’s science operations are managed by the University of New Hampshire. NICL provides scientists with the capability to conduct examinations and measurements on ice cores, and it preserves the integrity of these ice cores in a long-term repository for future investigations. The NICL was established in 1993 and is located at the Denver Federal Center, in Denver, Colorado. The NICL’s primary...
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Starting in 2003, the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) Northern Rocky Mountain Science Center in West Glacier, MT, in collaboration with the National Park Service, collected avalanche observations along the Going to the Sun Road during the spring road-clearing operations. The spring road-clearing along Going to the Sun Road utilized a team of avalanche specialists from the USGS and Glacier National Park to communicate the potential avalanche hazard to crews working to clear the road of snow in preparation for summer visitation. The operations typically begin around April 1st and continue through mid-June each year. The dataset includes all of the specific details collected for each avalanche occurrence and conforms...
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This Microsoft Access Database contains soil and permafrost stratigraphy for northern Alaska compiled from numerous project data files and reports. The database has main data tables (tbl_) for site (environmental), soil stratigraphy, soil physical data, soil chemical data, soil radiocarbon dates, and vegetation cover. The Site data includes information of location, observers, geomorphology, topography, hydrology, soil summary characteristics, pH and EC, soil classification, and vegetation cover by species. Soil stratigraphy has information on soil texture and ground ice. Soil physical and chemical data includes lab data on bulk density, moisture, carbon, and nitrogen. The database has 38 reference tables (REF_)...
map background search result map search result map National Ice Core Laboratory (NICL) 1966_Glacier margins derived from USGS 1966 topographic maps for the named glaciers of Glacier National Park, MT and environs 2015_Glacier margins derived from 2015 satellite imagery for the named glaciers of Glacier National Park, MT and environs TEON: Terrestrial Environmental Observation Network Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Soils Database for Northern Alaska Fish/Judy Creek Watershed map TEON Watersheds and Observation Sites map Upper Koyukuk River Watershed map Total mercury, bulk density, percent organic matter, and percent organic carbon measured in permafrost cores collected from 2004 through 2012 from the interior and northern slope of Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Maximum glacial extent of the named glaciers in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014 Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, ERT Data Minimum snow and ice coverage for GNP, 2003-2015 Avalanche occurrence records along the Going-to-the-Sun Road, Glacier National Park, Montana from 2003-2023 (ver. 3.0, July 2023) Permafrost Characterization and Mapping for Northern Alaska Final Report Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014 Permafrost Mapping in Two Wetland Systems North of the Tanana River in Interior Alaska 2014, ERT Data Avalanche occurrence records along the Going-to-the-Sun Road, Glacier National Park, Montana from 2003-2023 (ver. 3.0, July 2023) 2015_Glacier margins derived from 2015 satellite imagery for the named glaciers of Glacier National Park, MT and environs 1966_Glacier margins derived from USGS 1966 topographic maps for the named glaciers of Glacier National Park, MT and environs Maximum glacial extent of the named glaciers in Glacier National Park during the peak of the Little Ice Age Minimum snow and ice coverage for GNP, 2003-2015 TEON: Terrestrial Environmental Observation Network Fish/Judy Creek Watershed map TEON Watersheds and Observation Sites map Upper Koyukuk River Watershed map Total mercury, bulk density, percent organic matter, and percent organic carbon measured in permafrost cores collected from 2004 through 2012 from the interior and northern slope of Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Soils Database for Northern Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Database Development, Characterization, and Mapping for Northern Alaska Permafrost Characterization and Mapping for Northern Alaska Final Report