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Atmospheric particulate matter (PM) is a heterogeneous material. Though regulated as un-speciated mass, it exerts most effects on vegetation and ecosystems by virtue of the mass loading of its chemical constituents. As this varies temporally and spatially, prediction of regional impacts remains difficult. Deposition of PM to vegetated surfaces depends on the size distribution of the particles and, to a lesser extent, on the chemistry. However, chemical loading of an ecosystem may be determined by the size distribution as different constituents dominate different size fractions. Coating with dust may cause abrasion and radiative heating, and may reduce the photosynthetically active photon flux reaching the photosynthetic...
This article is the first part of a study dealing with current and prospective clean coal technologies. For this purpose, the importance of coal utilization in electricity production and the importance of clean coal technologies (CCTs) for the minimization of the environmental impacts of coal-fired power generation are discussed as an introduction to the subject. The article includes an extensive presentation about the source and formation mechanisms of the major pollutants and their control strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Energy Sources Part B: Economics, Planning & Policy is the property of Taylor & Francis Ltd and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv...