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Abstract (from http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0059687): Cities profoundly alter biological communities, favoring some species over others, though the mechanisms that govern these changes are largely unknown. Herbivorous arthropod pests are often more abundant in urban than in rural areas, and urban outbreaks have been attributed to reduced control by predators and parasitoids and to increased susceptibility of stressed urban plants. These hypotheses, however, leave many outbreaks unexplained and fail to predict variation in pest abundance within cities. Here we show that the abundance of a common insect pest is positively related to temperature even when controlling for other habitat...
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Zebra mussels (Dreissena polymorpha) have continued their spread within inland lakes and rivers in North America despite diligent containment and decontamination efforts by natural resource agencies and other stakeholders. Identification of newly infested waterways with early detection surveillance programs allows for rapid response zebra mussel eradication treatments in some situations. Previous eradication treatments have been conducted during times of variable water temperatures and temperature has been shown to influence the efficacy of molluscicides. Natural resource managers would benefit from knowledge regarding the impacts of water temperature and exposure duration on toxicity of molluscicides to zebra mussels....
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The data set consists of 2 spreadsheets from Airsoft Electric Gun (AEG) trials on brown treesnakes. AEG snake wound data contains AEG results from guns equipped with 0.39 gram ammunition (plastic pellets ) that were fired at dead and live snakes from distances of 4, 8, and 12 m to measure tissue-penetration depth, and noted if (a) the pellet was lodged inside the peritoneal cavity, (b) the pellet had completely passed through and left the body, (c) the pellet appeared to have damaged the vertebral column, (d) ribs were broken, and (e) any internal organs appeared to be damaged. AEG live snake ballistic data contains information on limited AEG trials with live snakes shot at distances of 4, 8, and 12 m and their...
The use of advanced modelling methods in ecology expands as ecological data accumulates and increases in complexity. Artificial neural networks (ANN), and in particular, the self-organising map (SOM), has become very popular for analysing particular kinds of ecological datasets. As SOM have become more utilised, it has become increasingly clear that the results of SOM models must be interpreted carefully. SOM have been used in a number of ecological studies to investigate the spatial distribution of species. When using presence–absence data of species distributions at given locations, the input vectors to a SOM are binary and the connection weights after learning are between 0 and 1. Using fuzzy set theory, we...
Spreadsheets include data that was used to evaluate the efficacy of dry ice administered under-ice as a tool for reducing the overwinter survival of invasive carps. There are 10 CSV associated with this study
    map background search result map search result map Airsoft electric gun evaluation on Brown Treesnakes, Guam, 2016 Airsoft electric gun evaluation on Brown Treesnakes, Guam, 2016