Filters: Tags: pesticide and herbicide contamination (X) > partyWithName: Michelle L Hladik (X)
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Irrigation runoff and soil samples were collected from a lettuce field located at the USDA-ARS Spence Research farm in the Salinas Valley, California to measure neonicotinoid insecticides (clothianidin and imidacloprid) and a fungicide (azoxystrobin) applied via coated seed and drench treatments. The field trial was designed to evaluate four treatments with replication: 1) control, untreated seed, 2) imidacloprid treated seed, 3) clothianidin treated seed, and 4) azoxystrobin treated seed with an imidacloprid drench. Samples were collected from each treatment over two lettuce growing seasons: August to October 2019 and September to October 2020. Runoff samples were collected over both growing seasons during 6 irrigation...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Salinas,
Soil Sciences,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
Zooplankton samples were collected at one site upstream of the Yolo Bypass in Northern California, three sites within the Bypass, and at a comparison site on the Sacramento River below the city of Sacramento and analyzed for a large suite of current-use pesticides and degradates. Samples were collected every two weeks from early August 2021 to mid-October 2021. Samples were collected by towing a 150-micron conical plankton net for 5 minutes by boat at each site. In the laboratory, zooplankton samples were filtered through a 63-micrometer sieve to separate the zooplankton and vegetation/detritus from the water. Large sticks, twigs, rocks, and leaves were rinsed with organic free water into the sieve and then discarded....
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Environmental Health,
Hydrology,
Sacramento,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Hybrid sunflower production occurs near Sacramento in Northern California where seed treatments are commonly used. In this study, four locations were sampled in 2016 as matched pairs; half of each field was sown with thiamethoxam treated seed and half without. In addition to the thiamethoxam seed treatment, all seeds were coated with two fungicides, fludioxonil and mefenoxam/metalaxyl. Both wild bee and honey bee pesticide exposure was assessed by analyzing field soil, sunflower pollen and nectar, honey bees (pollen and nectar foraging) and a sunflower specialist wild bee, Melissodes agilis. Samples were extracted via pressurized liquid extraction (except nectar which underwent a room temperature solvent extraction)...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Environmental Health,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
environment,
fungicides,
A multiresidue method for solids (i.e., soil, sediment, sludge) was developed and evaluated for the analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates. Initially, a well characterized soil was used to determine the recovery of target compounds using an Energized Dispersive Guided Extraction (EDGE) system with two extraction solvents, acetonitrile and 1:1 (v/v) hexane:acetone. Extracts were cleaned using solid-phase extraction (SPE) with graphitized carbon cartridges and three elution solvents, acetonitrile, dichloromethane, and 1:1 (v/v) dichlormethane:ethyl acetate. The individual SPE elutions from the two extraction solvents were analyzed separately via GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS for 210 pesticides and pesticide transformation...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Environmental Health,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
biosolids,
contaminant transport,
environment,
The data presented in this data release include concentrations of current-use pesticides, nutrients, chloride, and metals in surface water collected from 60 wetlands including natural ponds, excavated ponds (Xponds), and stormwater basins in the New Jersey Pinelands, 2018-20. Site information, basic water-quality parameters, and method information also are included.
Surface water samples were collected from four stream/agricultural drain sites in the Sacramento Valley of California to measure pesticides commonly applied to rice. Samples were collected weekly from May through August 2010 to capture the rice pesticide application season. Water samples were filtered (0.7 µm) and extracted via solid-phase extraction. Additionally, the filter paper was solvent extracted to measure suspended sediment-associated pesticides. Both fractions were analyzed via gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A total of 89 pesticides and pesticide degradates were measured in the dissolved water phase, while 14 pyrethroid insecticides were measured in the suspended sediment-associated fraction (pyrethroids...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Environmental Health,
Sacramento Valley,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
Water Quality,
Wild bee and butterfly samples were collected from the margins of agricultural fields located on five Conservation Areas in Missouri. In 2016 and 2017, samples were collected and composited by genera for a total of 90 samples. Samples were extracted via pressurized liquid extraction and solid phase extraction cleanup. Samples were analyzed for 168 pesticides and degradates using both gas and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Overall, 16 pesticides were detected. Pesticides detected in greater than 2% of the composite samples included: metolachlor (24%), tebuconazole (22%), atrazine (18%), imidacloprid desnitro (13%), bifenthrin (9%), flumetralin (9%), p,p’-DDD (6%), tebupirimfos (4%), fludioxonil (4%),...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Missouri,
North America,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
biota,
butterflies,
Zooplankton samples were collected at a site in the Yolo Bypass in Northern California and at a comparison site on the Sacramento River below the city of Sacramento and analyzed for a large suite of current-use pesticides and degradates. Samples were collected biweekly in the summer/fall 2017 and 2018, and from May 2019−March 2020. Samples were collected by towing a 150-micron conical plankton net for 5 minutes by boat at each site. In the laboratory, zooplankton samples were filtered through a 63-micrometer sieve to separate the zooplankton and vegetation/detritus from the water. Large sticks, twigs, rocks, and leaves were rinsed with organic free water into the sieve and then discarded. The remaining mass in the...
Categories: Data;
Tags: California,
Environmental Health,
Hydrology,
Sacramento,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
To better understand the exposure of wild bees to pesticides in an agricultural landscape, samples were collected from fields in northern California. Hedgerows are known to provide habitat for wild bees, but these bees may also be exposed to pesticides from nearby agricultural fields. The study included eight hedgerow sites located in an intensively managed agricultural landscape that includes almonds, (wine) grapes, rice, tomatoes, and walnuts. In addition to collecting both wild bees and honey bees, soil, flowers, and silicone passive sampling devices (PSD; staked near the hedgerows to sample the air) were also included. Sampling was conducted from April to June 2016, to coincide with peak bloom and bee activity...
Applications of pesticides in agricultural and urban settings play an essential role in increasing crop yields, preserving food and materials, reducing pest-borne diseases, and eradicating or deterring pests. Pesticides are transported from their point of application to environmental media, including surface water. To better understand the fate of fate and transport of pesticides in the environment, analytical methods are necessary to measure pesticides in waters. Herein, a method is described for the extraction and analysis of pesticides and pesticide degradates in filtered surface water and paired suspended sediment samples. Water samples (~ 1 L) are filtered using 0.7 μm glass-fiber filters prior to being extracted...
Categories: Data;
Tags: USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
environment,
gas chromatography,
liquid chromatography,
mass spectroscopy,
Lab-reared colonies of Bombus huntii (Hunt bumble bee) were deployed in a commercial cherry orchard in the spring of 2016. A fungicide formulation containing boscalid (25.2%) and pyraclostrobin (12.8%) was applied one time at the recommended label rate. Nectar and pollen were collected daily, beginning two days before spray application and continuing for ten days following. Nectar samples were extracted with acetonitrile and cleaned up using dispersive solid-phase extraction with primary-secondary amine, C18, and magnesium sulfate. Pollen samples were extracted with ethyl acetate. Both types of samples were analyzed by GC-MS/MS for boscalid and pyraclostrobin. Fungicide concentrations in nectar varied spatially...
Categories: Data;
Tags: Bombus,
Ecology,
Environmental Health,
Oregon,
USGS Science Data Catalog (SDC),
To determine aqueous pyrethroid partitioning across a salinity gradient 20 mL Pyrex beakers were filled with 8 mL of deionized water at varying salinities (0, 0.5, 2, 6 ppt). Salinity was adjusted using a 10 ppt stock solution (made by diluting Instant Ocean into deionized water). The water samples were spiked with pyrethroids (bifenthrin, cyhalothrin, cyfluthrin, cypermethrin, deltamethrin, esfenvalerate, fenpropathrin) at 500 ng/L (pyrethroid stock solution was 0.25 ng/µL in acetone, 16 µL added to each beaker). Samples were equilibrated in the dark (beaker covered with aluminum foil and placed in a cardboard box; the first set was equilibrated for 24 hr, the second set for 120 hr). Each set of samples at a particular...
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